动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 8: 4988 - 4999

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.024

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲粮粗蛋白质水平对肉鸡消化酶活性及能量、蛋白质代谢的影响

  • 叶晓梦 ,
  • 宋明强 ,
  • 孙晓晓 ,
  • 王钰明 ,
  • 解竞静 ,
  • 萨仁娜 ,
  • 张虎 ,
  • 赵峰
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  • 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
叶晓梦(1997—),女,河南濮阳人,硕士研究生,从事饲料养分生物学效价评定研究。E-mail:yexiaomeng08@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-01-20

  网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设专项资金资助;中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

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Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Digestive Enzyme Activities, Metabolism of Energy and Protein of Broilers

  • YE Xiaomeng ,
  • SONG Mingqiang ,
  • SUN Xiaoxiao ,
  • WANG Yuming ,
  • XIE Jingjing ,
  • SA Renna ,
  • ZHANG Hu ,
  • ZHAO Feng
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  • The State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2022-01-20

  Online published: 2022-08-11

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)水平对肉鸡生长性能及消化功能的影响,并探讨由此是否引起了对饲粮表观代谢能(AME)测定的差异。试验包括2个部分。第1部分考察饲粮CP水平对肉鸡生长性能及消化酶活性的影响。采用完全随机区组设计,以7日龄体重为区组,饲粮设置2个CP水平,即高CP水平(HP)饲粮(8~21日龄饲粮CP水平为22.57%,22~35日龄饲粮CP水平为20.65%)和低CP水平(LP)饲粮(8~21日龄饲粮CP水平为19.29%,22~35日龄饲粮CP水平为17.49%),每个处理6个重复,其中8~21日龄每个重复24只鸡,22~35日龄每个重复17只鸡。第2部分考察饲喂不同CP水平饲粮的肉鸡对排泄物中可消化养分及饲粮能量和蛋白质代谢的影响。采用2×2两因素完全随机设计,试验鸡的来源设2个处理,即饲喂HP饲粮的肉鸡和饲喂LP饲粮的肉鸡;经肉鸡消化代谢的饲粮设2个处理,即HP饲粮(21~28日龄,CP水平为22.57%;35~42日龄,CP水平为20.65%)和LP饲粮(21~28日龄,CP水平为19.29%;35~42日龄,CP水平为17.49%),每个处理6个重复,其中21~28日龄每个重复4只鸡,35~42日龄每个重复2只鸡。结果表明:1)饲喂LP饲粮的肉鸡8~21日龄平均日增重(ADG)显著高于饲喂HP饲粮的肉鸡(P<0.05),而2种CP水平饲粮饲喂的肉鸡22~35日龄ADG无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)肉鸡饲喂HP饲粮与饲喂LP饲粮相比,21日龄空肠液淀粉酶、糜蛋白酶和回肠液淀粉酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);35日龄回肠液淀粉酶活性显著升高(P<0.05)。3)21~28日龄,饲喂HP饲粮肉鸡的每千克饲粮摄入量的排泄物酶水解物能值(EHGE/DMI)及每兆焦总能摄入量的排泄物酶水解物能值(EHGE/GEI)与饲喂LP饲粮肉鸡无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)饲喂不同CP水平饲粮的肉鸡对饲粮AME、氮校正表观代谢能(AMEn)、能量表观代谢率(AME/GE)、氮校正能量表观代谢率(AMEn/GE)及CP代谢率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可见,虽然饲粮CP水平影响了肉鸡的ADG和消化液中部分消化酶的活性,但对生物学法测定的饲粮AME及CP代谢率无显著影响。

关键词： 粗蛋白质水平; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 消化酶; 代谢能

本文引用格式

叶晓梦 , 宋明强 , 孙晓晓 , 王钰明 , 解竞静 , 萨仁娜 , 张虎 , 赵峰 . 饲粮粗蛋白质水平对肉鸡消化酶活性及能量、蛋白质代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(8) : 4988 -4999 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) level on growth performance and digestion function of broilers, and to make sure whether it caused differences in the determination of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) of diets. Two trials were included in this experiment. Trial 1 was to investigate the effects of dietary CP level on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities of broilers. Two CP level diets consisted of high CP level (HP) diet (22.57% CP for days 8 to 21 and 20.65% CP for days 22 to 35) and low CP level (LP) diet (19.29% CP for days 8 to 21 and 17.49% CP for days 22 to 35) were used in a completely randomized block design according to the body weight at 7 days of age. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicates of 24 broilers from 8 to 21 days of age or 17 broilers from 22 to 35 days of age. Trial 2 was to investigate the effects of broilers fed diets contained different CP levels on digestible nutrients in excreta and metabolism of energy and protein of diets. The two sources of broilers fed HP diets or LP diets and two diets of HP diets (22.57% CP for days 21 to 28 and 20.65% CP for days 35 to 45) or LP diets (19.29% CP for days 21 to 28 and 17.49% CP for days 35 to 42) were used in a 2×2 two-factor completely randomized design. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicates of 4 broilers from 21 to 28 days of age or 2 broilers from 35 to 42 days of age. The results showed as follows: 1) the average daily gain (ADG) of 8 to 21 days of age was significantly higher of broilers fed LP diet than HP diet (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in ADG of 22 to 35 days of age of broilers fed two CP level diets (P>0.05). 2) The activities of amylase and chymotrypsin in jejunum fluid and the activity of amylase in ileal fluid on day 21 of broilers fed HP diet were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the activity of amylase in ileum fluid on day 35 of broilers fed HP diet was significantly increased compared with these of broliers fed LP diet (P<0.05). 3) From 21 to 28 days of age, enzymatic hydrolystae gross energy (EHGE) of excreta per kg dietary intake (EHGE/DMI) and EHGE of excrta per MJ intake (EHGE/GEI) of broilers fed HP diet had no significant differences compared with these of broliers fed LP diet (P<0.05). 4) Broilers fed diets contained different CP levels from 25 to 28 days of age or 39 to 42 days of age had no significant effects on AME, nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), AME/GE, AMEn/GE and CP metabolizability of diets (P>0.05). In conclusion, although dietary CP level affects ADG and the activities of some digestive enzymes in digestive fluid of broilers, it has no significant effect on the determination of dietary AME and CP metabolizability by biological method.

Key words： protein level; chicken; growth performance; digestive enzyme; metabolizable energy

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