动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 8: 5190 - 5205

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.042

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

添加屎肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及其复合菌对绵羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵指标和瘤胃微生物区系的影响

  • 白天天 ,
  • 崔浩然 ,
  • 赵林波 ,
  • 王彦 ,
  • 郭雪峰 ,
  • 周小玲
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  • 1. 塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院, 阿拉尔 843300;
    2. 新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室, 阿拉尔 843300
白天天(1996—),女,新疆伊宁人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:877654665@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-01-13

  网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

基金资助

新疆生产建设兵团科技创新中青年领军人才项目(2016BC001);兵团重点领域科技攻关计划(2020AB016)

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Effects of Adding Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Their Compound Bacteria on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation Indexes and Rumen Microflora of Sheep

  • BAI Tiantian ,
  • CUI Haoran ,
  • ZHAO Linbo ,
  • WANG Yan ,
  • GUO Xuefeng ,
  • ZHOU Xiaoling
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Alar 843300, China

Received date: 2022-01-13

  Online published: 2022-08-11

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摘要

本试验旨在研究添加屎肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及其复合菌对绵羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵指标和瘤胃微生物区系的影响。试验选取24只体重为(32.7±4.7) kg、安装瘘管的成年绵羊,随机分为4组,分别为CK组(添加10 mL发酵液)、S组(添加10 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL屎肠球菌发酵液)、K组(添加10 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL枯草芽孢杆菌发酵液)和F组(添加5 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL屎肠球菌发酵液+5 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL枯草芽孢杆菌发酵液),每组6个重复,每个重复1只。预试期15 d,正试期60 d,正试期分为2期:第1~30天为Ⅰ期和第31~60天为Ⅱ期,分别于第1~3天和第31~33天进行瘤胃发酵试验,于第5~12天和第35~42天进行养分表观消化率测定,于第30天和第60天进行瘤胃微生物区系的测定。结果表明:1)Ⅰ期时,S组和K组的平均日增重(ADG)高于CK组(P＞0.05),F组料重比(F/G)为最高;Ⅱ期时,S组的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率显著高于CK组(P＜0.05),K组的ADG高于CK组(P＞0.05),S组F/G为最高。2)Ⅰ期时,各试验组各时间点瘤胃液pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量与CK组相比均无显著差异(P＞0.05);Ⅱ期6 h时,K组乙酸含量显著低于S组和F组(P＜0.05),但与CK组差异不显著(P＞0.05),K组丙酸含量显著低于CK组和S组(P＜0.05),K组总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05),Ⅱ期0 h时,F组乙酸/丙酸显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05)。3)Ⅱ期时,S组的未分类菌属-F082相对丰度显著低于CK组(P＜0.05),CK组疣微菌门相对丰度显著高于K组和F组(P＜0.05)。综上所述,添加60 d屎肠球菌可以提高绵羊营养物质表观消化率,调节绵羊瘤胃微生物区系菌门或菌属的相对丰度,效果优于枯草芽孢杆菌,可作为微生态饲料添加剂应用于反刍动物绿色养殖中。

关键词： 屎肠球菌; 枯草芽孢杆菌; 消化率; 瘤胃发酵; 瘤胃微生物

本文引用格式

白天天 , 崔浩然 , 赵林波 , 王彦 , 郭雪峰 , 周小玲 . 添加屎肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及其复合菌对绵羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵指标和瘤胃微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(8) : 5190 -5205 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.042

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of adding Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and their compound bacteria on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, rumen fermentation indexes and rumen microflora of sheep. Twenty-four adult sheep weighing (32.7±4.7) kg with fistula were selected in the experiment. They were randomly divided into 4 groups: CK group (adding 10 mL fermentation broth), S group (adding 10 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL Enterococcus faecium fermentation broth), K group (adding 10 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth) and F group (adding 5 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL Enterococcus faecium fermentation broth+5 mL 1×1010 CFU/mL Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth), each group included 6 replicates, and each replicate had 1 sheep. The pre-test period was 15 days and the test period was 60 days. The test period was divided into days 1 to 30 (period Ⅰ) and days 31 to 60 (period Ⅱ). Rumen fermentation test was carried out on the days 1 to 3 and days 31 to 33, nutrient apparent digestibility was measured on days 5 to 12 and days 35 to 42, and rumen microflora was measured on day 30 and day 60. The results showed as follows: 1) average daily gain (ADG) of S group and K group was higher than that of CK group in period Ⅰ (P>0.05), feed/gain (F/G) of F group was the highest, acid detergent fiber (ADF) apparent digestibility of S group was significantly higher than that of CK group in period Ⅱ (P＜0.05), and F/G of S group was the highest. 2) At period Ⅰ, there was no significant difference in pH, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) contents between each test groups and CK group (P>0.05). At period Ⅱ, at 6 h, the acetic acid content of K group was significantly lower than that of S group and F group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference compared with CK group (P＞0.05), the propionic acid content of K group was significantly lower than that of CK group and S group (P<0.05), the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) contents of K group was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05), and at 0 h, the ratio of ethylene to propylene of F group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). 3) At period Ⅱ, the relative abundance of uncultured_bacterium_f_F082 of group S was significantly lower than that in group CK (P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia in CK group was significantly higher than that in K group and F groups (P<0.05). In summary, the addition of Enterococcus faecium for 60 d can improve the apparent digestibility of nutrients in sheep and regulate the relative abundance of ruminal microflora or genera in sheep. The effect is better than that of Bacillus subtilis, which can be used as a microecological feed additive for green breeding of ruminants.

Key words： Enterococcus faecium; Bacillus subtilis; digestibility; rumen fermentation; rumen microflora

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