研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

青藏高原老芒麦不同部位的营养价值及其分子结构特性研究

  • 彭婧 ,
  • 孙晓旭 ,
  • 史海涛 ,
  • 陈有军 ,
  • 蔡晓蕊 ,
  • 王茜 ,
  • 柏雪 ,
  • 李胜利
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  • 1. 西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院, 青藏高原动物遗传资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室, 成都 610041;
    2. 西南民族大学青藏高原研究院, 青藏高原生态畜牧业协同创新中心, 成都 610041;
    3. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
彭婧(1996—),女,重庆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:1253198561@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-02-26

  网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31902187);西南民族大学研究生创新项目(CX2021SZ60);四川肉羊创新团队建设专项经费(CXTD2019-14);农业农村部高海拔地区奶牛适应性生产技术试验示范项目;国家民委中青年英才项目(2020)

Nutritional Value and Molecular Structure Characteristics in Different Fractions of Elymus sibiricus from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

  • PENG Jing ,
  • SUN Xiaoxu ,
  • SHI Haitao ,
  • CHEN Youjun ,
  • CAI Xiaorui ,
  • WANG Xi ,
  • BAI Xue ,
  • LI Shengli
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
    2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Ecological Animal Husbandry of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2022-02-26

  Online published: 2022-08-11

摘要

研究牧草及其不同部位的营养价值对牧草育种及其营养价值开发非常重要。本试验旨在比较青藏高原老芒麦及其不同部位(茎、叶、穗)的营养价值,并探索其对应的分子结构信息。试验采用常规化学分析方法和康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)对老芒麦不同部位的营养价值进行评定,并结合傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术对不同部位的蛋白质、碳水化合物相关的分子结构进行研究,探求它们之间的相关关系。结果表明:1)老芒麦不同部位的营养成分和CNCPS组分存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,叶的粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤不溶蛋白质(NDICP)和非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)含量最高,茎的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、纤维素及碳水化合物含量最高。2)通过FTIR技术发现,老芒麦不同部位的蛋白质和碳水化合物分子结构之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,叶的蛋白质α-螺旋峰高及α-螺旋峰高/β-折叠峰高值均为最高;茎的总碳水化合物峰面积以及纤维素复合物峰面积和峰高均显著高于其他部位(P<0.05);穗的结构性碳水化合物峰面积显著低于其他部位(P<0.05)。3)通过相关性分析得出,老芒麦不同部位的营养成分分子结构光谱参数与其营养价值存在较强的相关关系(P<0.05)。综上所述,老芒麦可以作为高原草食家畜良好的饲草来源,其叶片的营养价值较高,茎的营养价值相对较低;FTIR技术具备快速评定老芒麦不同部位营养价值的潜力。

本文引用格式

彭婧 , 孙晓旭 , 史海涛 , 陈有军 , 蔡晓蕊 , 王茜 , 柏雪 , 李胜利 . 青藏高原老芒麦不同部位的营养价值及其分子结构特性研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(8) : 5270 -5282 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.048

Abstract

The study on the nutritional value of forage grass and its different fractions is very important for the grass breeding and utilization. This study aimed to compare the nutritive value of Elymus sibiricus and its different fractions (stem, leaf and ear), and to explore the corresponding molecular structure information. Conventional chemical analysis and the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) were applied to evaluate the nutritional value in different fractions of Elymus sibiricus, and the molecular structure related to proteins and carbohydrates in different fractions were also analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) technology, then the correlation between them was explored. The results showed as follows: 1) there were significant differences in the nutrient composition and CNCPS components among different fractions of Elymus sibiricus (P<0.05). Among them, the contents of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP) and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) in leaves were the highest, while the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), cellulose and carbohydrate in stems were the highest. 2) FTIR technology showed that there were significant differences in protein and carbohydrate molecular structures among different fractions of Elymus sibiricus (P<0.05). Among them, the α-helix peak height and α-helix peak height to β-sheet peak height ratio in leaf protein were the highest; the peak area of total carbohydrate and peak area and peak height of cellulose complex in stems were significantly higher than those in other fractions (P<0.05); and the peak area of structural carbohydrate in ear was significantly lower than that in other fractions (P<0.05). 3) Through correlation analysis, the molecular structure spectrum parameters of nutrients in different fractions of Elymus sibiricus were strongly correlated with their nutritional value (P<0.05). In conclusion, Elymus sibiricus can be used as a good forage source for plateau herbivorous livestock with higher nutritional value of leaves and lower nutritional value of stems; FTIR technology has the potential to rapidly evaluate the nutritional value of different fractions of Elymus sibiricus.

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