动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 9: 5751 - 5758

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.09.030

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲粮能量和蛋白质限饲水平对育成期攸县麻鸭生长性能、生殖器官发育及产蛋性能的影响

  • 黄璇 ,
  • 李闯 ,
  • 张旭 ,
  • 蒋桂韬 ,
  • 邓萍 ,
  • 胡艳 ,
  • 戴求仲
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  • 1. 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养与饲养技术研究室, 长沙 410131;
    2. 湖南家禽安全生产工程技术研究中心, 长沙 410128
黄璇(1986—),女,湖南浏阳人,助理研究员,硕士,从事家禽营养与饲料科学的研究。E-mail:409097385@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-03-13

  网络出版日期: 2022-10-17

基金资助

财政部和农业农村部——国家现代农业产业技术体系；湖南家禽安全生产工程技术研究中心专项资金（CICAPS）

收起

Effects of Energy and Protein Restriction Level on Growth Performance, Reproductive Organ Development and Laying Performance of Laying Ducks during Growing Period

  • HUANG Xuan ,
  • LI Chuang ,
  • ZHANG Xu ,
  • JIANG Guitao ,
  • DENG Ping ,
  • HU Yan ,
  • DAI Qiuzhong
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  • 1. Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Technology, Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha 410131, China;
    2. Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2022-03-13

  Online published: 2022-10-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮不同能量和蛋白质限饲水平对育成期蛋鸭生长性能、生殖器官发育、血清生殖激素含量及产蛋性能的影响，以筛选出攸县麻鸭育成期理想的限饲方法。选择9周龄攸县麻鸭母鸭360只，随机分为4组，每组9个重复，每个重复10只鸭。各组饲喂不同限饲饲粮7周后均改饲相同商品料至72周龄。限饲期间对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂代谢能11.08 MJ/kg、蛋白质15%的基础饲粮，3个试验组（Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组）分别饲喂在对照组饲粮基础上同时降低代谢能和蛋白质水平5%、10%和15%的试验饲粮。结果表明：1）与Ⅰ组相比，降低饲粮能量和蛋白质水平显著提高了平均日采食量（P<0.05），显著降低了平均日增重（P<0.05），但对末重无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）随饲粮能量和蛋白质水平降低，试验鸭优势卵泡数、优势卵泡重、卵巢重和卵巢指数显著下降（P<0.05），而其对输卵管各指标均无显著影响（P>0.05）。各组间血清中雌二醇、孕酮和促黄体生成素含量均无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）饲粮能量和蛋白质水平降低5%~15%，可显著提高产蛋期平均蛋重（P<0.05）。Ⅱ和Ⅲ组产蛋率>80%天数显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。综上所述，在自由采食条件下，饲粮能量和蛋白质水平降低5%~15%，育成期攸县麻鸭虽平均日采食量增加，平均日增重降低，性成熟延迟，但可提高产蛋性能。综合考虑全期产蛋性能和饲料成本等因素，建议育成期攸县麻鸭饲粮营养水平以降低5%~10%为宜。

关键词： 攸县麻鸭; 限饲; 生长性能; 生殖器官发育

本文引用格式

黄璇 , 李闯 , 张旭 , 蒋桂韬 , 邓萍 , 胡艳 , 戴求仲 . 饲粮能量和蛋白质限饲水平对育成期攸县麻鸭生长性能、生殖器官发育及产蛋性能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(9) : 5751 -5758 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.09.030

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of energy and protein restriction level on growth performance, reproductive organ development, serum reproductive hormone contents and laying performance of laying ducks during the growing period, and to screen out the ideal feed restriction method of Youxian partridge ducks. A total of 360 Youxian partridge female's ducks at 9 weeks of age were randomly allotted to 4 groups, each with 9 replicates of 10 birds. Laying ducks in all groups were fed the same commercial diet to 72 weeks of age after 7 weeks of feed restriction experiment. During the limited feeding, ducks in the control group were fed a basal diet containing 11.08 MJ/kg metabolizable energy and 15% protein, and the three experimental groups were fed diets with reduced metabolizable energy and protein levels by 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively, on the basis of the control group. The results showed as follows:1) compared with group Ⅰ, reducing dietary energy and protein level significantly increased the average daily feed intake (P<0.05), significantly decreased the average daily gain (P<0.05), but had no effect on the final weight (P>0.05). 2) The number of dominant follicles and weight, ovarian weight and index of experimental ducks significantly decreased with the decreasing of dietary energy and protein level (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on oviducts indexes (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of estradiol, progesterone and luteinizing hormone in serum among all groups (P>0.05). 3) Average egg weight during laying period was significantly increased by 5% to 15% lower dietary energy and protein level (P<0.05). Laying rate >80% days in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). Under the condition of free intake, the dietary energy and protein levels decrease by 5% to 15%, average daily feed intake of Youxian partridge ducks increase, average daily gain decrease in the growing period, the sexual maturation is delayed, but their laying performance is improved. Considering the factors of egg production and feed cost, it is suggested that the optimal nutritional level of Youxian partridge ducks should be reduced by 5% to 10% during the growing period.

Key words： Youxian partridge ducks; feed restriction; growth performance; reproductive organ development

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