1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验动物及试验设计
1.3 试验饲粮与饲养管理
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (DM basis) % |
| 项目Items | 含量Content |
|---|---|
| 原料Ingredients | |
| 玉米秸秆Corn straw | 25.00 |
| 花生壳粉Peanut shell powder | 8.00 |
| 葵花皮粉Sunflower leather powder | 7.00 |
| 玉米Corn | 22.00 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 7.00 |
| 棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 6.00 |
| 玉米胚芽粕Corn germ meal | 10.00 |
| 喷浆玉米皮Sprayed corn husk | 5.00 |
| 米糠Rice bran | 5.00 |
| 碳酸钙CaCO3 | 1.30 |
| 磷酸钙Ca3(PO4)2 | 0.40 |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.50 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 2.80 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |
| 干物质DM | 89.97 |
| 有机物OM | 90.76 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 13.39 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 2.80 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 35.57 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 22.19 |
| 钙Ca | 0.62 |
| 磷P | 0.42 |
| 代谢能ME/(MJ/kg) | 9.60 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kilogram of the diet:Cu 14 mg,Zn 25 mg,Mn 38 mg,Fe 55 mg,Se 0.3 mg,Co 0.1 mg,I 0.4 mg,VA 18 000 IU,VD 3 500 IU,VE 420 IU。 2)代谢能为计算值,其余营养水平为实测值。ME was a calculated value, while the other nutrient levels were measured values. |
1.4 样品的采集与测定
1.4.1 生长性能
1.4.2 氮代谢
1.4.3 血清生化和抗氧化指标
1.5 数据统计与分析
2 结果
2.1 核黄素对羔羊生长性能的影响
表2 核黄素对羔羊生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of riboflavin on growth performance of lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照 Control | LRF | MRF | HRF | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 初始体重IBW/kg | 18.91 | 18.80 | 18.78 | 18.69 | 0.829 | 0.995 | 0.793 | 0.966 |
| 终末体重FBW/kg | 36.62 | 37.80 | 38.77 | 36.74 | 1.20 | 0.255 | 0.726 | 0.170 |
| 干物质采食量DMI/(kg/d) | 1.78 | 1.78 | 1.72 | 1.66 | 0.094 | 0.518 | 0.148 | 0.321 |
| 平均日增重ADG/(g/d) | 305.3b | 327.2ab | 344.7a | 311.2b | 13.71 | 0.031 | 0.465 | 0.020 |
| 料重比F/G | 5.84a | 5.48ab | 4.99b | 5.35ab | 0.255 | 0.019 | 0.026 | 0.061 |
同行数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), while with the same or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 核黄素对羔羊氮代谢的影响
表3 核黄素对羔羊氮代谢的影响Table 3 Effects of riboflavin on nitrogen metabolism of lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照 Control | LRF | MRF | HRF | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 摄入氮N intake/(g/d) | 49.9 | 53.6 | 55.1 | 49.7 | 2.70 | 0.173 | 0.914 | 0.188 |
| 粪氮Fecal N/(g/d) | 16.1 | 16.1 | 15.4 | 14.7 | 1.14 | 0.585 | 0.165 | 0.369 |
| 尿氮Urinary N/(g/d) | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16.8 | 16.9 | 1.33 | 0.755 | 0.287 | 0.580 |
| 可消化氮Digestible nitrogen/(g/d) | 33.7b | 37.5ab | 39.7a | 35.0b | 1.88 | 0.036 | 0.444 | 0.017 |
| 沉积氮Retained N/(g/d) | 18.0b | 21.6ab | 22.9a | 18.1b | 1.69 | 0.027 | 0.821 | 0.011 |
| 氮的表观消化率 Apparent digestibility of N/% | 67.7b | 70.0ab | 72.0a | 70.4ab | 1.24 | 0.023 | 0.034 | 0.083 |
2.3 核黄素对羔羊血清生化指标的影响
表4 核黄素对羔羊血清生化指标的影响Table 4 Effects of riboflavin on serum biochemical indices of lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照 Control | LRF | MRF | HRF | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 葡萄糖GLU/(mmol/L) | 5.09b | 6.10a | 6.29a | 6.24a | 0.44 | 0.031 | 0.014 | 0.112 |
| 总蛋白TP/(g/L) | 79.13 | 84.46 | 76.97 | 77.38 | 7.49 | 0.738 | 0.588 | 0.777 |
| 白蛋白ALB/(g/L) | 44.61 | 43.75 | 53.58 | 51.86 | 7.47 | 0.457 | 0.184 | 0.418 |
| 尿素氮UN/(mmol/L) | 24.30a | 20.40ab | 19.40b | 18.20b | 2.00 | 0.026 | 0.004 | 0.100 |
| 生长激素GH/(ng/mL) | 4.10b | 4.71a | 5.12a | 4.89a | 0.23 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.100 |
| 胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ IGF-Ⅰ/(ng/mL) | 193.9 | 197.3 | 214.0 | 200.2 | 10.72 | 0.276 | 0.311 | 0.325 |
| 核黄素RF/(pg/mL) | 938.9b | 994.3ab | 1 081.0a | 1 111.0a | 57.69 | 0.023 | 0.002 | 0.009 |
2.4 核黄素对羔羊血清抗氧化指标的影响
表5 核黄素对羔羊血清抗氧化指标的影响Table 5 Effects of riboflavin on serum antioxidant indices of lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照 Control | LRF | MRF | HRF | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 总抗氧化能力T-AOC/(U/mL) | 13.13b | 16.17ab | 18.78a | 17.87a | 2.03 | 0.048 | 0.014 | 0.056 |
| 总超氧化物歧化酶T-SOD/(U/mL) | 113.2 | 139.3 | 127.8 | 123.2 | 12.78 | 0.252 | 0.658 | 0.232 |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 378.0 | 394.2 | 436.9 | 436.0 | 37.31 | 0.301 | 0.069 | 0.186 |
| 谷胱甘肽还原酶GR/(U/mL) | 127.4 | 114.0 | 115.5 | 116.5 | 10.21 | 0.574 | 0.353 | 0.407 |
| 过氧化氢酶CAT/(U/mL) | 54.0b | 57.0ab | 68.4a | 66.6a | 5.83 | 0.049 | 0.011 | 0.057 |
| 丙二醛MDA/(nmol/mL) | 6.73a | 6.12ab | 5.91ab | 5.05b | 0.53 | 0.028 | 0.003 | 0.102 |

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