1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验设计
表1 饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of diets (DM basis)% |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | RPLys添加组 RPLys supplemental group | RPMet添加组 RPMet supplemental group | RPLys+RPMet添加组 RPLys+RPMet supplemental group | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 原料 Ingredients | ||||||||||
| 玉米 Corn | 38.5 | 38.5 | 38.5 | 38.5 | ||||||
| 棉籽 Cottonseed | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | ||||||
| 玉米秸秆 Corn straw | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | ||||||
| 棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | ||||||
| 喷浆玉米皮 Sprayed corn husk | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | ||||||
| 玉米麸 Corn bran | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.5 | ||||||
| 细石粉 Fine stone powder | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||||||
| 过瘤胃赖氨酸 RPLys | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||||||
| 过瘤胃蛋氨酸 RPMet | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||||
| 预混料 Premix1) | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | ||||||
| 合计 Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||||||
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | ||||||||||
| 代谢能 ME/(MJ/kg) | 11.67 | 11.68 | 11.67 | 11.67 | ||||||
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 13.02 | 13.21 | 13.12 | 13.31 | ||||||
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 25.90 | 25.90 | 25.90 | 25.90 | ||||||
| 钙 Ca | 1.06 | 1.06 | 1.06 | 1.06 | ||||||
| 磷 P | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.39 | ||||||
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets:VA 10 100.19 IU,VD3 3 686.36 IU,VE 184.25 IU,Cu 11.36 mg,Fe 75 mg,Mn 90 mg,Zn 60 mg,I 0.42 mg。 2)代谢能为计算值,其他营养水平均为实测值。ME was a calculated value, while the other nutrient levels were measured values. |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品采集与指标测定
1.4.1 生长性能
1.4.2 屠宰性能和器官指数
1.4.3 肉品质
1.5 数据统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊生长性能的影响
表2 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of dietary RPLys and RPMet in corn-cotton seed meal type diet on growth performance of fattening Hu sheep (n=4) |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | RPLys添加组 RPLys supplemental group | RPMet添加组 RPMet supplemental group | RPLys+RPMet添加组 RPLys+RPMet supplemental group | SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 初始体重 Initial BW/kg | 38.72 | 38.53 | 38.47 | 38.42 | 0.32 | 0.764 |
| 终末体重 Final BW/kg | 54.22b | 55.44a | 54.83a | 55.10a | 0.40 | 0.012 |
| 平均日增重 ADG/(g/d) | 258b | 282a | 273a | 278a | 8.27 | 0.044 |
| 平均日采食量 ADFI/(kg/d) | 2.12 | 2.32 | 2.22 | 2.21 | 0.28 | 0.485 |
| 料重比 F/G | 8.22 | 8.23 | 8.13 | 7.95 | 0.36 | 0.726 |
同行数据肩标相同字母或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),肩标不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。平均日采食量以风干基础计算。 | |
In the same row, values with the same letter or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. ADFI was calculated on air-dry basis. |
2.2 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊屠宰性能的影响
表3 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊屠宰性能的影响Table 3 Effects of dietary RPLys and RPMet in corn-cotton seed meal type diet on slaughter performance of fattening Hu sheep (n=6) |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | RPLys添加组 RPLys supplemental group | RPMet添加组 RPMet supplemental group | RPLys+RPMet添加组 RPLys+RPMet supplemental group | SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 宰前活重 Live weight before slaughter/kg | 54.43 | 55.35 | 54.92 | 55.23 | 0.40 | 0.183 |
| 胴体重 Carcass weight/kg | 25.63c | 28.66a | 26.74b | 28.51a | 1.14 | 0.025 |
| 屠宰率 Dressing percentage/% | 49.12b | 51.73a | 49.85b | 51.67a | 0.98 | 0.014 |
| 净肉重 Net meat weight/kg | 22.62c | 24.34a | 23.52b | 24.41a | 0.56 | 0.043 |
| 净肉率 Net meat percentage/% | 41.52c | 43.95a | 42.81b | 44.26a | 0.32 | 0.002 |
| 骨重 Bone weight/kg | 5.62 | 5.74 | 5.64 | 5.89 | 0.08 | 0.344 |
| 肉骨比 Ratio of meat to bone | 4.02 | 4.23 | 4.17 | 4.14 | 0.03 | 0.546 |
| 头重 Head weight/kg | 2.58 | 2.65 | 2.56 | 2.68 | 0.04 | 0.087 |
| 蹄重 Hoofs weight/kg | 1.02 | 1.06 | 1.09 | 1.04 | 0.04 | 0.381 |
| 皮重 Skin weight/kg | 4.99 | 5.12 | 5.03 | 5.05 | 0.18 | 0.485 |
2.3 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊器官指数的影响
表4 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊胃肠道相对重量的影响Table 4 Effects of dietary RPLys and RPMet in corn-cotton seed meal type diet on gastrointestinal relative weight of fattening Hu sheep (n=6)% |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | RPLys添加组 RPLys supplemental group | RPMet添加组 RPMet supplemental group | RPLys+RPMet添加组 RPLys+RPMet supplemental group | SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 胃相对重量 Relative weight of stomach | ||||||
| 瘤胃 Rumen | 3.42 | 3.44 | 3.41 | 3.39 | 0.02 | 0.262 |
| 网胃 Reticulum | 0.49 | 0.53 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.03 | 0.184 |
| 瓣胃 Omasum | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.56 | 0.03 | 0.501 |
| 皱胃 Abomasum | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.02 | 0.682 |
| 肠相对重量 Relative weight of intestine | ||||||
| 十二指肠 Duodenum | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.02 | 0.423 |
| 空肠 Jejunum | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 0.698 |
| 回肠 Ileum | 2.81 | 2.87 | 2.78 | 2.84 | 0.03 | 0.241 |
| 盲肠 Cecum | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.01 | 0.542 |
| 结肠 Colon | 2.21 | 2.31 | 2.19 | 2.28 | 0.04 | 0.145 |
| 直肠 Rectum | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.03 | 0.234 |
表5 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊脏器和脂肪组织相对重量的影响Table 5 Effects of dietary RPLys and RPMet in corn-cotton seed meal type diet on relative weight of viscera and adipose tissues of fattening Hu sheep (n=6)% |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | RPLys添加组 RPLys supplemental group | RPMet添加组 RPMet supplemental group | RPLys+RPMet添加组 RPLys+RPMet supplemental group | SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 脏器相对重量 Relative weight of viscera | ||||||
| 心脏 Heart | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.03 | 0.146 |
| 肝脏 Liver | 2.42c | 2.67a | 2.58b | 2.54b | 0.03 | 0.012 |
| 脾脏 Spleen | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.30 | 0.02 | 0.178 |
| 肺脏 Lung | 0.94ab | 0.99a | 0.87b | 0.92ab | 0.03 | 0.049 |
| 肾脏 Kidney | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.03 | 0.591 |
| 胰脏 Pancreas | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.370 |
| 脂肪组织相对重量 Relative weight of adipose tissue | ||||||
| 肾周脂肪 Perirenal fat | 0.82b | 0.89a | 0.91a | 0.92a | 0.02 | 0.007 |
| 大网膜脂 Omental fat | 4.35 | 4.41 | 4.44 | 4.39 | 0.07 | 0.663 |
| 肠系膜脂 Mesenteric fat | 2.34 | 2.39 | 2.38 | 2.42 | 0.05 | 0.557 |
| 尾脂 Tail fat | 0.84b | 0.98a | 0.88ab | 0.92a | 0.04 | 0.032 |
2.4 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊肉品质的影响
表6 玉米-棉籽粕型饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet对育肥湖羊肉品质的影响Table 6 Effects of dietary RPLys and RPMet in corn-cotton meal type diet on meat quality of fattening Hu sheep (n=6) |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | RPLys添加组 RPLys supplemental group | RPMet添加组 RPMet supplemental group | RPLys+RPMet添加组 RPLys+RPMet supplemental group | SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 亮度 L* | 35.32 | 35.33 | 35.25 | 35.41 | 0.17 | 0.832 |
| 红度 a* | 17.31 | 17.21 | 17.22 | 17.32 | 0.05 | 0.144 |
| 黄度 b* | 3.45 | 3.42 | 3.49 | 3.42 | 0.02 | 0.798 |
| 45 min pH | 6.69a | 6.48b | 6.52b | 6.53b | 0.04 | 0.002 |
| 24 h pH | 5.23 | 5.24 | 5.26 | 5.22 | 0.03 | 0.547 |
| 剪切力 Shear force/N | 71.28 | 71.26 | 72.55 | 72.40 | 0.89 | 0.689 |
| 失水率 Water loss rate/% | 17.36 | 16.95 | 16.47 | 16.49 | 0.68 | 0.463 |
| 滴水损失 Drip loss/% | 2.35 | 2.36 | 2.41 | 2.25 | 0.08 | 0.328 |
| 蒸煮损失 Cooking loss/% | 36.48a | 35.76ab | 35.34b | 36.06a | 0.39 | 0.025 |

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