1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
表1 蛋白桑青贮和全株玉米青贮的营养成分(干物质基础)Table 1 Nutrient composition of Morus alba silage and whole corn silage (DM basis)% |
| 项目 Items | 干物质 DM | 粗蛋白质 CP | 粗脂肪 EE | 中性洗 涤纤维 NDF | 酸性洗 涤纤维 ADF | 粗灰分 Ash | 钙 Ca | 磷 P | 总能 GE/ (MJ/kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 蛋白桑青贮 Morus alba silage | 24.76 | 17.75 | 6.69 | 40.93 | 27.06 | 8.31 | 1.86 | 0.77 | 17.05 |
| 全株玉米青贮 Whole corn silage | 30.81 | 8.26 | 4.05 | 47.27 | 28.20 | 7.56 | 0.96 | 0.20 | 16.51 |
1.2 试验设计
表2 试验饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)Table 2 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets (DM basis)% |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L | M | H | ||
| 原料 Ingredients | |||||
| 玉米 Corn | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | |
| 麸皮 Bran | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
| 豆粕 Soybean meal | 17 | 15 | 13 | 11 | |
| 全株玉米青贮 Whole corn silage | 25 | 20 | 15 | 10 | |
| 蛋白桑青贮 Morus alba silage | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
| 花生秧 Peanut seedling | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
| 预混料 Premix1) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 小苏打 NaHCO3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 合计 Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | |||||
| 干物质 DM | 44.51 | 44.41 | 44.32 | 44.18 | |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 13.56 | 13.71 | 14.28 | 14.93 | |
| 粗脂肪 EE | 2.57 | 2.95 | 2.89 | 4.08 | |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 39.47 | 36.78 | 37.03 | 37.82 | |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 23.83 | 22.58 | 24.10 | 25.08 | |
| 粗灰分 Ash | 12.28 | 11.65 | 11.74 | 10.94 | |
| 钙 Ca | 1.33 | 1.32 | 1.65 | 1.52 | |
| 磷 P | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.22 | |
| 总能 GE/(MJ/kg) | 15.61 | 15.59 | 15.61 | 15.86 | |
1)每千克预混料含One kg of premix provided the following:Cu 200~500 mg,Fe 1 500~2 500 mg,Mn 1 000~2 000 mg,Zn 1 000~2 500 mg,VA 200 000~370 000 IU,VD3 250 000~1 250 000 IU,VE≥750 mg,P 5~50 mg,Se 5~15 mg,Co 5~15 mg,Ca 100~160 g。 2)所有营养水平均为实测值。All nutrient levels were measured values. |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品采集和分析方法
1.5 消化代谢试验
1.6 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊生长性能的影响
表3 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊生长性能的影响Table 3 Effects of different proportions of whole corn silage replaced by Morus alba silage on growth performance of Hu sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L | M | H | |||
| 初始体重 Initial body weight/kg | 27.38 | 27.94 | 27.05 | 28.01 | 0.36 | 0.752 |
| 终末体重 Final body weight/kg | 41.21 | 42.28 | 41.45 | 41.67 | 0.41 | 0.828 |
| 总增重 Total weight/kg | 13.83 | 14.34 | 14.40 | 13.66 | 0.21 | 0.528 |
| 干物质采食量 DMI/(kg/d) | 1.168 | 1.170 | 1.175 | 1.178 | 0.08 | 0.098 |
| 平均日增重 ADG/(g/d) | 230.51 | 238.98 | 239.95 | 227.64 | 3.52 | 0.528 |
| 料重比 F/G | 5.13 | 4.98 | 5.01 | 5.20 | 0.07 | 0.447 |
同行数据肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊营养物质表观消化率的影响
表4 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊营养物质表观消化率的影响Table 4 Effects of different proportions of whole corn silage replaced by Morus alba silage on apparent digestibility of nutrients of Hu sheep% |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L | M | H | |||
| 有机物 OM | 56.36ab | 50.41b | 59.47a | 50.37b | 1.44 | 0.047 |
| 干物质 DM | 73.18 | 73.48 | 76.30 | 74.23 | 0.62 | 0.291 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 72.63ab | 69.60b | 78.06a | 71.60b | 1.06 | 0.042 |
| 粗脂肪 EE | 72.06bc | 68.67c | 78.17ab | 79.52a | 1.43 | 0.011 |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 65.43ab | 57.86c | 67.50a | 60.18bc | 1.26 | 0.012 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 62.62a | 54.93b | 67.55a | 61.33a | 1.36 | 0.004 |
| 磷 P | 39.04b | 33.49bc | 51.44a | 23.94c | 8.52 | 0.001 |
| 钙 Ca | 52.97 | 56.03 | 60.68 | 52.14 | 2.74 | 0.309 |
2.3 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊能量代谢的影响
表5 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊能量代谢的影响Table 5 Effects of different proportions of whole corn silage replaced by Morus alba silage on energy metabolism of Hu sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L | M | H | |||
| 摄入总能 GE intake/(MJ/d) | 43.18 | 43.00 | 43.32 | 44.93 | 1.33 | 0.960 |
| 粪能 FE/(MJ/d) | 9.55 | 10.69 | 9.02 | 11.65 | 0.44 | 0.138 |
| 尿能 UE/(MJ/d) | 2.88b | 2.81b | 2.70b | 4.33a | 0.24 | 0.048 |
| 消化能 DE/(MJ/d) | 33.63 | 32.31 | 34.43 | 33.41 | 1.11 | 0.936 |
| 代谢能 ME/(MJ/d) | 27.95 | 26.79 | 28.86 | 26.02 | 1.01 | 0.790 |
| 甲烷能 CH4E/(MJ/d) | 2.81 | 2.79 | 2.81 | 2.92 | 0.87 | 0.960 |
| 总能表观消化率 Apparent digestibility of GE/% | 77.55 | 74.76 | 78.66 | 74.29 | 0.72 | 0.081 |
| 总能代谢率 Metabolizability of GE/% | 64.23a | 61.80a | 65.75a | 57.49b | 0.93 | 0.003 |
| 消化能代谢率 Metabolizability of DE/% | 82.75a | 82.59a | 83.53a | 77.33b | 0.81 | 0.015 |
2.4 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊氮代谢的影响
表6 蛋白桑青贮替代全株玉米青贮对湖羊氮代谢的影响Table 6 Effects of different proportions of whole corn silage replaced by Morus alba silage on nitrogen metabolism of Hu sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L | M | H | |||
| 摄入氮 N intake/(g/d) | 60.04 | 59.86 | 62.99 | 67.15 | 2.01 | 0.569 |
| 粪氮 FN/(g/d) | 15.43 | 18.03 | 14.66 | 19.47 | 0.75 | 0.073 |
| 尿氮 UN/(g/d) | 12.45 | 12.49 | 12.87 | 16.91 | 0.96 | 0.295 |
| 吸收氮 Absorbed N/(g/d) | 44.61 | 41.82 | 48.52 | 47.88 | 1.64 | 0.468 |
| 沉积氮Retained N/(g/d) | 32.15 | 29.45 | 35.42 | 30.52 | 1.64 | 0.622 |
| 氮表观消化率 Apparent digestibility of N/% | 73.92ab | 69.41b | 76.13a | 71.25b | 0.89 | 0.026 |
| 氮利用率 Utilization rate of N/% | 52.68 | 48.80 | 55.13 | 44.11 | 1.66 | 0.086 |
| 氮的生物学价值 Biological value of N/% | 71.02 | 70.05 | 72.24 | 62.11 | 2.10 | 0.324 |
2.5 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊经济效益的影响
表7 蛋白桑青贮替代不同比例的全株玉米青贮对湖羊经济效益的影响Table 7 Effects of different proportions of whole corn silage replaced by Morus alba silage on economic benefit of Hu sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L | M | H | |
| 饲料单价 Feed unit price/(元/kg) | 1.87 | 1.85 | 1.83 | 1.81 |
| 饲料总成本 Feed total price/(元/只) | 293.07 | 292.30 | 290.88 | 289.35 |
| 总增重收入 Total weight income/(元/只) | 351.99 | 364.92 | 366.41 | 347.60 |
| 毛利润 Gross margin/(元/只) | 58.02 | 72.63 | 75.53 | 58.25 |

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