1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验设计和饲养管理
1.3 样品采集及指标测定
1.3.1 生长性能
1.3.2 胴体性状
1.3.3 肉品质
1.3.4 氨基酸与脂肪酸含量
1.4 数据处理与分析
2 结果
2.1 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪生长性能的影响
表1 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪生长性能的影响Table 1 Effects of GLP on growth performance of finishing pigs |
| 项目Items | 对照组Control group | 龙须菜多糖组GLP group |
|---|---|---|
| 初始体重IBW/kg | 91.200±2.086 | 89.200±0.917 |
| 终末体重FBW/kg | 128.100±2.669 | 127.500±2.217 |
| 平均日增重ADG/(kg/d) | 0.923±0.032 | 0.933±0.049 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/(kg/d) | 3.232±0.026 | 3.243±0.058 |
| 料重比F/G | 3.551±0.030 | 3.537±0.047 |
同行数据肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), and with different capital letter superscripts mean extremely significant difference (P<0.01). The same as below. |
2.2 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪胴体性状的影响
表2 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪胴体性状的影响Table 2 Effects of GLP on carcass traits of finishing pigs |
| 项目Items | 对照组Control group | 龙须菜多糖组GLP group |
|---|---|---|
| 胴体直长Carcass length/cm | 102.664±3.180 | 107.000±0.000 |
| 胴体斜长Carcass slanting length/cm | 90.000±1.528 | 93.000±0.577 |
| 胴体重Carcass weight/kg | 87.563±2.289 | 88.893±1.667 |
| 屠宰率Dressing percentage/% | 70.518±2.532 | 71.880±1.121 |
| 眼肌面积Loin muscle area/cm2 | 50.000±5.058 | 42.000±2.843 |
| 背膘厚Backfat thickness/cm | 20.503±0.762 | 22.340±1.267 |
| 板油重Leaf fat weight/kg | 0.737±0.073 | 0.917±0.134 |
2.3 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪肉品质的影响
表3 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪肉品质的影响Table 3 Effects of GLP on meat quality of finishing pigs |
| 项目Items | 对照组Control group | 龙须菜多糖组GLP group | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pH45 min | 6.397±0.290 | 6.267±0.274 | |
| 滴水损失Drip loss/% | 7.100±0.200 | 6.700±0.300 | |
| 加压损失Pressurization loss/% | 34.600±2.000 | 33.900±2.200 | |
| 大理石纹评分Marbling score | 2.333±0.441 | 2.500±0.500 | |
肉色Meat color | 红度值a* value | 47.896±4.572 | 51.740±2.750 |
| 黄度值b* value | 24.857±1.520a | 18.220±1.027b | |
| 肌内脂肪含量Intramuscular fat content/% | 1.933±0.145b | 3.267±0.267a | |
2.4 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪背最长肌中氨基酸组成的影响
表4 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪背最长肌中氨基酸组成的影响Table 4 Effects of GLP on amino acid composition in longissimus dorsi of finishing pigs % |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 龙须菜多糖组 GLP group |
|---|---|---|
| 天冬氨酸Asp | 2.057±0.033b | 2.183±0.015a |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 0.980±0.025 | 1.007±0.035 |
| 丝氨酸Ser | 0.743±0.029 | 0.797±0.024 |
| 谷氨酸Glu | 3.437±0.028B | 3.627±0.027A |
| 甘氨酸Gly | 0.888±0.029 | 0.973±0.024 |
| 丙氨酸Ala | 1.130±0.101 | 1.253±0.014 |
| 半胱氨酸Cys | No hit | No hit |
| 缬氨酸Val | 1.113±0.029 | 1.127±0.049 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.697±0.015 | 0.690±0.026 |
| 异亮氨酸Ile | 0.993±0.024 | 1.073±0.032 |
| 亮氨酸Leu | 1.717±0.019b | 1.843±0.012a |
| 酪氨酸Tyr | 0.780±0.017 | 0.807±0.024 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phe | 1.030±0.036 | 1.037±0.058 |
| 赖氨酸Lys | 2.093±0.014B | 2.247±0.033A |
| 组氨酸His | 1.077±0.049 | 1.113±0.023 |
| 精氨酸Arg | 1.453±0.015b | 1.537±0.026a |
| 脯氨酸Pro | 0.683±0.027B | 0.830±0.017A |
| 必需氨基酸EAA | 11.183±0.012b | 11.700±0.167a |
| 总氨基酸Total AA | 20.587±0.394b | 22.177±0.198a |
“No hit”表示半胱氨酸未检测出。 | |
“No hit” indicated the cystine no detection. |
2.5 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪背最长肌中脂肪酸组成的影响
表5 龙须菜多糖对育肥猪背最长肌中脂肪酸组成的影响Table 5 Effects of GLP on fatty acid composition in longissimus dorsi of finishing pigs % |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 龙须菜多糖组 GLP group |
|---|---|---|
| 肉豆蔻酸C14∶0 | 1.120 | 1.220 |
| 棕榈酸C16∶0 | 24.400 | 23.600 |
| 棕榈油酸C16∶1 | 3.400 | 3.090 |
| 十七碳酸C17∶0 | 0.122 | 0.136 |
| 十七碳一烯酸C17∶1 | 0.150 | 0.140 |
| 硬脂酸C18∶0 | 12.900 | 13.400 |
| 油酸C18∶1 | 50.000 | 48.500 |
| 亚油酸C18∶2 | 5.260 | 6.820 |
| α-亚麻酸C18∶3n3 | 0.129 | 0.161 |
| 花生酸C20∶0 | 0.195 | 0.210 |
| 花生一烯酸C20∶1 | 0.890 | 0.878 |
| 花生二烯酸C20∶2 | 0.214 | 0.282 |
| 花生四烯酸C20∶4n6 | 0.988 | 1.020 |
| 十五碳一烯酸C15∶1 | 0.200 | 0.247 |
| 二十一碳酸C21∶0 | 0.144 | 0.143 |
| 饱和脂肪酸SFA | 38.881 | 38.709 |
| 不饱和脂肪酸UFA | 61.231 | 61.138 |
| 单不饱和脂肪酸MUFA | 54.640 | 52.855 |
| 多不饱和脂肪酸PUFA | 6.591 | 8.283 |

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