1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验设计
表1 试验饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 1~21日龄 1 to 21 days of age | 22~42日龄 22 to 42 days of age | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 试验组 Experimental group | 对照组 Control group | 试验组 Experimental group | 对照组 Control group | ||
| 原料Ingredients | |||||
| 玉米Corn | 63.00 | 63.62 | 63.90 | 65.78 | |
| 麸皮Bran | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.54 | |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 25.70 | 25.28 | 20.00 | 20.70 | |
| 玉米蛋白粉Corn gluten meal | 5.00 | 5.20 | 6.75 | 6.00 | |
| 乳化复合植物油粉 Emulsified compound vegetable oil powder | 1.00 | 4.30 | |||
| 大豆油Soybean oil | 0.49 | 2.45 | |||
| 赖氨酸Lys | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 0.46 | |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.17 | |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 1.70 | 1.70 | 1.70 | 1.70 | |
| 石粉Limestone | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | |
| 预混料Premix1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |||||
| 代谢能ME/(MJ/kg) | 12.33 | 12.33 | 13.00 | 13.00 | |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 20.45 | 20.46 | 19.85 | 19.87 | |
| 粗脂肪EE | 3.68 | 3.66 | 5.40 | 5.65 | |
| 钙Ca | 1.05 | 1.07 | 0.87 | 0.88 | |
| 总磷TP | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.56 | |
| 可利用磷AP | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.42 | |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.45 | 0.45 | |
| 赖氨酸Lys | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.15 | 1.15 | |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | |
1)预混料可为每千克饲粮提供The premix provided the following per kg of the diets:Fe 95 mg,Cu 8 mg,Mn 120 mg,Zn 95 mg,Se 0.3 mg,I 0.7 mg,VA 11 500 IU,VD3 2 750 IU,VE 14 IU,VK3 0.8 mg,VB1 1.40 mg,VB2 8 mg,VB6 2.5 mg,VB12 0.7 mg,生物素biotin 0.3 mg,叶酸 folic acid 0.6 mg,泛酸 pantothenic acid 11.5 mg,烟酸 nicotinic acid 37 mg,氯化胆碱 choline chloride 450 mg。 | |
2) 粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙和总磷为实测值,其余为计算值。CP, EE, Ca and TP were measured values, while the others were calculated values. |
1.3 代谢试验
1.4 样品采集
1.5 检测指标与方法
1.5.1 生长性能
1.5.2 养分含量及表观利用率
1.5.3 十二指肠食糜消化酶活性
1.5.4 血清生化指标
1.5.5 血清抗氧化指标
1.6 数据处理与统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡生长性能的影响
表2 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of emulsified compound vegetable oil powder on growth performance of broilers |
| 项目Items | 试验组Experimental group | 对照组Control group | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1~21日龄1 to 21 days of age | |||
| 平均日增重ADG/g | 33.61±0.91a | 31.82±1.35b | 0.02 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/g | 48.22±1.09 | 47.05±1.82 | 0.21 |
| 料重比F/G | 1.44±0.04 | 1.48±0.06 | 0.18 |
| 22~42日龄22 to 42 days of age | |||
| 平均日增重ADG/g | 71.66±1.28a | 68.65±2.66b | 0.03 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/g | 137.04±5.70 | 134.26±4.25 | 0.37 |
| 料重比F/G | 1.91±0.06 | 1.96±0.04 | 0.16 |
| 1~42日龄1 to 42 days of age | |||
| 平均日增重ADG/g | 51.35±0.76a | 49.01±1.19b | 0.01 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/g | 89.12±1.78 | 87.25±1.75 | 0.10 |
| 料重比F/G | 1.74±0.02b | 1.78±0.04a | 0.02 |
同行数据肩标无字母或相同小写字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡养分表观利用率的影响
表3 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡养分表观利用率的影响Table 3 Effects of emulsified compound vegetable oil powder on nutrient apparent availability of broilers % |
| 项目Items | 试验组Experimental group | 对照组Control group | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1~21日龄1 to 21 days of age | |||
| 粗蛋白质CP | 62.53±2.19 | 61.22±1.37 | 0.24 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 65.92±2.18a | 62.93±1.34b | 0.02 |
| 钙Ca | 53.38±1.25 | 52.70±1.15 | 0.34 |
| 总磷TP | 46.09±0.79 | 46.57±0.39 | 0.21 |
| 22~42日龄22 to 42 days of age | |||
| 粗蛋白质CP | 67.94±1.83 | 66.87±1.25 | 0.26 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 75.03±1.77a | 71.55±2.41b | 0.02 |
| 钙Ca | 56.96±2.15a | 53.21±2.88b | 0.03 |
| 总磷TP | 51.64±1.06 | 50.57±0.69 | 0.06 |
2.3 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡十二指肠食糜消化酶活性的影响
表4 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡十二指肠食糜消化酶活性的影响Table 4 Effects of emulsified compound vegetable oil powder on digestive enzyme activities in duodenal chyme of broilers U/mg prot |
| 项目Items | 试验组Experimental group | 对照组Control group | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 胰蛋白酶Trypsin | 3 080.83±41.91a | 3 027.62±15.62b | 0.02 |
| 糜蛋白酶Chymotrypsin | 40.27±0.47 | 40.05±0.23 | 0.32 |
| 淀粉酶Amylase | 11.35±0.83 | 12.08±0.31 | 0.07 |
| 脂肪酶Lipase | 117.54±5.57a | 108.38±3.81b | 0.01 |
2.4 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡血清生化指标的影响
表5 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡血清生化指标的影响Table 5 Effects of emulsified compound vegetable oil powder on serum biochemical indices of broilers |
| 项目Items | 试验组Experimental group | 对照组Control group | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 总胆固醇TC/(mmol/L) | 6.66±0.32b | 7.41±0.49a | 0.02 |
| 总蛋白TP/(g/L) | 25.32±2.42 | 24.79±1.87 | 0.68 |
| 白蛋白ALB/(g/L) | 16.45±0.84 | 15.61±0.99 | 0.14 |
| 钙Ca/(mmol/L) | 2.45±0.08 | 2.37±0.01 | 0.06 |
| 磷P/(mmol/L) | 2.41±0.03 | 2.56±0.19 | 0.08 |
| 葡萄糖GLU/(mmol/L) | 11.56±0.74 | 11.43±0.66 | 0.76 |
| 甘油三酯TG/(mmol/L) | 1.57±0.06 | 1.59±0.14 | 0.84 |
2.5 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡血清抗氧化指标的影响
表6 乳化复合植物油粉对肉鸡血清抗氧化指标的影响Table 6 Effects of emulsified compound vegetable oil powder on serum antioxidant indexes of broilers |
| 项目Items | 试验组Experimental group | 对照组Control group | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 484.07±13.95a | 450.84±18.78b | 0.01 |
| 超氧化物歧化酶SOD/(U/mL) | 100.47±4.94 | 97.21±3.78 | 0.28 |
| 丙二醛MDA/(nmol/mL) | 5.01±0.12b | 5.77±0.52a | 0.01 |

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