1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验动物与分组
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(饲喂基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (as-fed basis)% |
| 项目 Items | 含量 Content |
|---|---|
| 原料 Ingredients | |
| 玉米 Corn | 49.50 |
| 膨化玉米 Extruded corn | 7.00 |
| 豆粕 Soybean meal | 12.00 |
| 发酵豆粕 Fermented soybean meal | 8.00 |
| 膨化大豆 Extruded soybean | 5.00 |
| 鱼粉 Fish meal | 2.00 |
| 乳清粉 Whey powder | 8.00 |
| 蔗糖 Sucrose | 2.00 |
| 豆油 Soybean oil | 2.00 |
| 预混料 Premix1) | 4.00 |
| 三氧化二铬 Cr2O3 | 0.50 |
| 合计 Total | 100.00 |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | |
| 消化能 DE/(MJ/kg) | 14.23 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 19.00 |
| 赖氨酸 Lys | 1.35 |
| 苏氨酸 Thr | 0.88 |
| 蛋氨酸 Met | 0.36 |
| 钙 Ca | 0.77 |
| 总磷 TP | 0.75 |
| 标准全肠道可消化磷 STTDP | 0.40 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供The premix provided the following per kilogram of the diet:Zn (ZnSO4·H2O) 80 mg,Cu (CuSO4·5H2O) 25 mg,Mn (MnSO4·H2O) 40 mg,Fe (FeS04·H2O) 100 mg,I [Ca(IO3)2] 0.60 mg,Co (CoSO4) 2 mg,Se (Na2SeO3) 0.35 mg,VA 9 800 IU,VD3 2 500 IU,VE 35 IU,VK3 3.0 IU,泛酸 pantothenic acid 30.00 mg,烟酸 nicotinic acid 60.00 mg,叶酸 folic acid 1.0 mg,生物素 biotin 0.08 mg,VB6 3.50 mg,VB1 3.0 mg,VB2 4.50 mg,VB12 0.05 mg。 2)粗蛋白质、钙和总磷为实测值,其余为计算值。CP, Ca and TP were measured values, while the others were calculated values. |
1.3 样品采集与处理
1.4 指标测定
1.4.1 生长性能测定
1.4.2 血清免疫指标测定
1.4.3 血清抗氧化指标测定
1.4.4 血清生化指标测定
1.5 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响
表2 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响Table 2 Effects of bile acid on growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 黄芪多糖组 Astragalus polysaccharides group | 试验Ⅰ组 Test group Ⅰ | 试验Ⅱ组 Test group Ⅱ | 试验Ⅲ组 Test group Ⅲ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 初重 Initial BW/kg | 8.01±0.25 | 7.89±0.37 | 8.15±0.12 | 8.18±0.23 | 7.94±0.98 |
| 末重 Final BW/kg | 27.25±1.25b | 28.24±1.55b | 29.77±1.16ab | 32.59±1.38a | 30.37±1.54ab |
| 平均日增重 ADG/(g/d) | 384.89±18.15e | 403.21±11.56d | 432.43±23.17c | 488.14±25.88a | 458.62±22.19b |
| 平均日采食量 ADFI/(g/d) | 665.86±31.20d | 669.32±31.50d | 730.80±24.59c | 785.91±22.13a | 756.72±27.11b |
| 料重比 F/G | 1.73±0.03 | 1.66±0.04 | 1.69±0.01 | 1.61±0.02 | 1.65±0.02 |
| 腹泻率 Diarrhea rate/% | 10.31±2.87a | 5.95±2.23b | 7.72±2.51b | 5.43±2.11b | 6.11±2.31b |
同行数据肩标相同字母或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标的影响
表3 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标的影响Table 3 Effects of bile acid on serum immune indexes of weaned pigletsmg/L |
| 项目 Items | 日龄 Days of age | 对照组 Control group | 黄芪多糖组 Astragalus polysaccharides group | 试验Ⅰ组 Test group Ⅰ | 试验Ⅱ组 Test group Ⅱ | 试验Ⅲ组 Test group Ⅲ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
免疫球蛋白A IgA | 28 | 26.82±3.07 | 26.37±3.87 | 27.01±2.67 | 25.89±2.13 | 26.75±2.24 |
| 45 | 32.56±4.21b | 35.68±5.27b | 33.52±4.43b | 41.38±6.71a | 34.63±4.11b | |
| 78 | 39.86±4.15b | 48.63±5.31a | 46.85±5.13a | 49.14±5.02a | 47.49±5.12a | |
免疫球蛋白G IgG | 28 | 13.18±1.25 | 13.25±2.87 | 14.04±1.24 | 13.35±2.47 | 13.41±1.53 |
| 45 | 16.21±2.35 | 17.69±2.27 | 17.19±2.41 | 18.38±2.34 | 16.61±2.23 | |
| 78 | 19.26±2.57b | 21.36±3.87ab | 20.54±3.17ab | 24.76±4.21a | 22.13±3.87a | |
免疫球蛋白M IgM | 28 | 29.35±3.41 | 30.67±4.22 | 29.59±4.38 | 30.89±5.01 | 29.43±4.33 |
| 45 | 31.51±4.27b | 36.61±5.29a | 35.36±5.41a | 36.76±6.27a | 35.18±5.32a | |
| 78 | 35.31±5.27c | 40.46±6.17ab | 38.34±5.87b | 42.29±6.81a | 39.54±6.13ab | |
补体3 C3 | 28 | 57.58±9.18 | 61.56±17.65 | 62.38±18.31 | 64.78±12.16 | 61.44±11.38 |
| 45 | 62.45±11.74c | 81.42±13.43b | 79.29±10.11b | 89.36±13.29a | 76.32±12.61b | |
| 78 | 79.25±13.24c | 101.29±17.35b | 98.47±12.24b | 112.26±17.35a | 97.74±14.33b | |
补体4 C4 | 28 | 35.36±5.29b | 34.89±5.14b | 38.12±5.34ab | 38.25±6.11ab | 39.21±6.36a |
| 45 | 36.61±6.19c | 39.58±5.26bc | 42.69±6.78ab | 45.74±7.21a | 41.41±6.26b | |
| 78 | 40.14±6.54d | 49.78±6.11b | 46.64±6.32c | 55.85±8.13a | 48.79±7.41bc | |
猪瘟抗体阻断率 CSF-Ab blocking rate/% | 28 | 18.17±0.52 | 17.23±0.18 | 17.36±0.50 | 18.82±0.59 | 17.57±0.56 |
| 45 | 44.29±0.53c | 55.61±0.45b | 58.68±0.64b | 66.92±0.46a | 54.55±0.52b | |
| 78 | 52.19±0.33d | 64.17±0.33c | 62.89±0.55c | 74.36±0.61a | 69.48±0.66b |
2.3 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪血清抗氧化指标的影响
表4 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪血清抗氧化指标的影响Table 4 Effects of bile acid on serum antioxidant indexes of weaned piglets |
| 项目 Items | 日龄 Days of age | 对照组 Control group | 黄芪多糖组 Astragalus polysaccharides group | 试验Ⅰ组 Test group Ⅰ | 试验Ⅱ组 Test group Ⅱ | 试验Ⅲ组 Test group Ⅲ | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U/mL) | 28 | 160.97±9.27 | 160.26±8.17 | 161.01±8.36 | 160.69±9.14 | 163.78±9.28 | |||||||
| 78 | 169.31±8.38b | 175.74±9.29ab | 171.14±9.38ab | 181.34±10.01a | 172.63±8.75ab | ||||||||
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 28 | 187.31±12.34b | 193.21±16.31b | 201.33±15.26a | 209.81±13.16a | 210.45±12.21a | |||||||
| 78 | 194.34±14.46c | 253.11±16.31b | 246.74±15.26b | 267.37±16.45a | 259.33±15.45ab | ||||||||
| 丙二醛 MDA/(nmol/mL) | 28 | 4.85±1.15 | 4.71±1.13 | 3.94±1.27 | 4.12±1.39 | 4.23±1.61 | |||||||
| 78 | 4.09±1.21a | 3.32±1.17ab | 3.43±1.14ab | 2.91±1.26b | 3.27±1.39ab | ||||||||
过氧化氢酶 CAT/(U/mL) | 28 | 14.94±4.27 | 15.18±3.34 | 15.05±4.21 | 15.37±3.13 | 15.11±3.18 | |||||||
| 78 | 15.13±2.19b | 17.93±5.23a | 16.56±4.16ab | 18.29±5.35a | 17.03±4.24ab | ||||||||
总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/(U/mL) | 28 | 9.57±2.24ab | 8.87±2.14b | 10.17±3.55ab | 10.31±2.46ab | 10.77±3.35a | |||||||
| 78 | 10.32±3.11b | 11.64±3.23ab | 10.59±2.15ab | 12.36±3.17a | 11.21±3.56ab |
2.4 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪血清生化指标的影响
表5 胆汁酸对断奶仔猪血清生化指标的影响Table 5 Effects of bile acid on serum biochemical indexes of weaned piglets |
| 项目 Items | 日龄 Days of age | 对照组 Control group | 黄芪多糖组 Astragalus polysaccharides group | 试验Ⅰ组 Test group Ⅰ | 试验Ⅱ组 Test group Ⅱ | 试验Ⅲ组 Test group Ⅲ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
谷草转氨酶 AST/(U/L) | 28 | 50.82±5.87 | 49.13±4.67 | 51.22±6.11 | 50.37±5.47 | 49.38±5.25 |
| 78 | 48.46±5.15 | 46.28±5.01 | 48.13±4.87 | 47.15±5.34 | 46.33±5.51 | |
谷丙转氨酶 ALT/(U/L) | 28 | 27.63±4.22 | 28.11±5.32 | 27.34±4.12 | 28.56±5.16 | 27.69±4.28 |
| 78 | 25.14±4.51 | 24.37±4.34 | 25.48±4.13 | 24.06±4.22 | 25.01±3.35 | |
碱性磷酸酶 ALP/(U/L) | 28 | 148.12±14.45 | 142.38±13.18 | 152.37±14.65 | 154.48±14.45 | 159.32±12.26 |
| 78 | 151.31±15.26b | 156.33±13.27ab | 158.14±15.19ab | 165.24±13.48a | 163.51±13.39a | |
甘油三酯 TG/(mmol/L) | 28 | 0.37±0.04 | 0.38±0.06 | 0.37±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 | 0.36±0.06 |
| 78 | 0.48±0.03b | 0.69±0.02ab | 0.65±0.05ab | 0.72±0.05a | 0.63±0.11ab | |
总胆固醇 TC/(mmol/L) | 28 | 2.69±0.25 | 2.51±0.13 | 2.45±0.16 | 2.37±0.13 | 2.69±0.23 |
| 78 | 2.11±0.12 | 1.69±0.21 | 1.58±0.15 | 1.41±0.19 | 1.60±0.11 |

京公网安备 11010802041926号