1 材料与方法
1.1 试验设计
1.2 试验饲粮
表1 试验饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets (DM basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| 原料Ingredients | ||||
| 青饲玉米Forage maize | 58.94 | 52.60 | 50.21 | 47.99 |
| 稻草Rice straw | 13.56 | 12.12 | 11.55 | 11.04 |
| 玉米Maize | 26.81 | 28.61 | 29.20 | 28.89 |
| 小麦麸Wheat bran | 0.00 | 2.40 | 2.33 | 2.21 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal (CP 43%) | 0.00 | 2.46 | 4.54 | 6.93 |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.83 | 1.50 |
| 石粉Limestone | 0.14 | 1.19 | 0.83 | 0.93 |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 |
| 矿物质预混料Mineral premix1) | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| 维生素预混料Vitamin premix2) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels3) | ||||
| 代谢能ME/(MJ/d) | 6.21 | 6.32 | 7.33 | 7.94 |
| 粗蛋白质CP/(g/d) | 53.01 | 57.48 | 63.84 | 76.63 |
| 钙Ca/(g/d) | 1.41 | 3.92 | 4.33 | 5.79 |
| 磷P/(g/d) | 1.51 | 1.96 | 2.91 | 3.97 |
1)矿物质预混料为每千克饲粮提供 Mineral premix provided the following per kilogram of diets:Fe (as ferrous sulfate) 40 mg,Cu (as copper sulfate) 10 mg,Mn (as manganese sulfate) 80 mg,Zn (as zinc sulfate) 80 mg,I (as calcium iodate)1.0 mg,Se (as sodium selenite) 0.05 mg,Co (as cobalt chloride) 0.15 mg。 2)维生素预混料为每千克饲粮提供 Vitamin premix provided the following per kilogram of diets:VA 3 000 IU,VD3 350 IU,VE 30 IU。 3)代谢能为计算值,粗蛋白质、钙和磷为实测值。ME was a calculated value, while CP, Ca and P were measured values. |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 消化代谢试验
1.5 样本收集与制备
1.6 测试指标及方法
1.6.1 生长性能指标
1.6.2 样本中养分分析
1.6.3 养分表观消化率和表观代谢率
1.7 能量和蛋白质需要回归模型的建立
1.8 试验数据处理与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 饲粮营养水平对黔北麻羊羯羊生长性能的影响
表2 饲粮营养水平对黔北麻羊羯羊生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of dietary nutrient levels on growth performance of Qianbei brown wethers |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 始重Initial weight/kg | 24.12±0.34 | 24.10±0.29 | 24.40±0.31 | 24.51±0.23 | 0.814 |
| 末重Final weight/kg | 26.55±0.29c | 27.50±0.03b | 27.90±0.31b | 29.26±0.12a | <0.001 |
| 平均日增重ADG/(g/d) | 58.00±14.46c | 80.56±25.02b | 88.33±10.00ab | 113.09±24.17a | <0.001 |
| 干物质采食量DMI/(g/d) | 520.46±24.62c | 593.72±37.06b | 618.35±26.49a | 650.71±21.16a | <0.001 |
| 料重比F/G | 8.97±3.74a | 7.37±3.16b | 7.04±0.57c | 5.25±0.63d | <0.001 |
同行数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), while with the same or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 饲粮营养水平对黔北麻羊羯羊能量和CP表观消化率和表观代谢率的影响
表3 饲粮营养水平对黔北麻羊羯羊能量和CP表观消化率和表观代谢率的影响Table 3 Effects of dietary nutrient levels on energy and CP apparent digestibility and apparent metabolic rate of Qianbei brown wethers % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 能量表观消化率 Energy apparent digestibility | 69.40±5.23b | 74.71±2.37ab | 78.94±2.12a | 82.16±3.94a | 0.016 |
| 能量表观代谢率 Energy apparent metabolic rate | 58.54±4.98c | 63.09±1.03bc | 66.48±2.18ab | 68.82±3.21a | 0.038 |
| CP表观消化率 CP apparent digestibility | 67.36±2.84b | 74.05±2.18a | 76.16±1.14a | 77.61±1.93a | 0.004 |
| CP表观代谢率 CP apparent metabolic rate | 41.02±3.27b | 46.20±3.21a | 48.49±2.17a | 52.16±3.61a | 0.049 |
2.3 饲粮营养水平对黔北麻羊羯羊能量和蛋白质摄入量的影响
表4 饲粮营养水平对黔北麻羊羯羊能量和蛋白质摄入量的影响Table 4 Effects of dietary nutrient levels on energy and protein intake of Qianbei brown wethers |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 消化能摄入量DEI/(MJ/d) | 7.24±0.51b | 7.39±0.26b | 8.68±0.23ab | 9.59±0.72a | 0.035 |
| 代谢能摄入量MEI/(MJ/d) | 6.21±0.52 | 6.32±0.76 | 7.33±0.29 | 7.94±0.83 | 0.430 |
| 可消化粗蛋白质摄入量 DCPI/(g/d) | 35.71±2.22c | 39.24±5.62c | 48.92±1.64b | 59.48±3.35a | <0.001 |
| 可代谢粗蛋白质摄入量 MCPI/(g/d) | 21.33±1.99c | 28.04±7.43bc | 29.66±3.89bc | 37.33±4.77a | 0.038 |
2.4 黔北麻羊羯羊能量和蛋白质需要量的回归分析
表5 羯羊能量和蛋白质采食量与代谢体重及平均日增重的回归分析Table 5 Regression analysis among energy, protein intake and BW0.75, ADG |
| 项目 Items | 维持需要 Requirement for maintain | 平均日增重需要 Requirement for ADG | 决定 系数 R2 | P值 P-value | 样本量 n | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 系数 Coefficient | 均值标准误 SEM | 系数 Coefficient | 均值标准误 SEM | |||||
| 消化能摄放量DEI/(MJ/d) | 0.574** | 0.206 | 0.038** | 0.007 | 0.809 | 0.001 | 16 | |
| 代谢能摄入量MEI/(MJ/d) | 0.485** | 0.062 | 0.032** | 0.006 | 0.891 | 0.001 | 16 | |
| 可消化粗蛋白质摄入量 DCPI/(g/d) | 1.830* | 0.237 | 0.336** | 0.023 | 0.880 | 0.001 | 16 | |
| 可代谢粗蛋白质摄入量 MCPI/(g/d) | 1.162* | 0.361 | 0.216** | 0.036 | 0.743 | 0.006 | 16 | |
*代表显著相关(P<0.05),**代表极显著相关(P<0.01)。 | |
* represents significant correlation (P<0.05), ** represents extremely significant correlation (P<0.01). |

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