中草药调控反刍动物瘤胃菌群代谢的研究进展
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孙 宇(2000—),男,宁夏银川人,硕士,从事中兽医学研究。E-mail: 1256634739@qq.com |
Copy editor: 武海龙
收稿日期: 2024-07-26
网络出版日期: 2025-02-16
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(32160848)
Research Progress on Regulation of Rumen Microbiota Metabolism in Ruminants by Traditional Chinese Herbs
Received date: 2024-07-26
Online published: 2025-02-16
瘤胃是反刍动物特有的消化器官,反刍动物依赖瘤胃中庞大的微生物群将木质纤维发酵为挥发性脂肪酸为机体供能。近年来,中草药在反刍动物保健与疾病治疗中的应用受到普遍关注。中草药能够通过影响瘤胃菌群代谢,调节机体整体代谢功能。但由于中草药成分复杂且具有多靶点的特性,其对反刍动物瘤胃菌群代谢的调控机制相对复杂,一般技术手段很难全面揭示中草药调控瘤胃菌群代谢的相关机制。代谢组学作为系统生物学的重要组成部分,具有整体性、动态性和系统性等特点,在揭示中草药调控反刍动物瘤胃菌群代谢的机制方面显示出了独特优势。因此,本文对瘤胃微生物区系组成与饲料利用率、影响瘤胃菌群组成和数量的因素及瘤胃代谢物的变化与代谢性疾病相关性进行了概述,并详细综述了中草药及其提取物调控瘤胃菌群的代谢组学研究,旨在为未来中草药与瘤胃菌群相关研究提供参考和借鉴。
孙宇 , 杨文慧 , 郭延生 . 中草药调控反刍动物瘤胃菌群代谢的研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报, 2025 , 37(2) : 771 -777 . DOI: 10.12418/CJAN2025.066
The rumen is a unique digestive organ in ruminants, which rely on the vast microbial community within the rumen to ferment lignocellulose into volatile fatty acids, providing energy to the body. In recent years, the application of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in the health maintenance and disease treatment of ruminants has garnered widespread attention. It has been discovered that traditional Chinese herbal medicine can regulate the overall metabolic functions of the body by influencing the rumen microbiota. However, due to the complexity of the components in Chinese herbal medicine and its multi-target characteristics, the regulatory mechanisms of these medicines on rumen microbiota metabolism in ruminants are relatively complex, making it challenging for conventional techniques to fully reveal the related mechanisms. Metabolomics, as a vital part of systems biology, possesses holistic, dynamic and systematic characteristics, showing unique advantages in uncovering the mechanisms by which Chinese herbal medicine regulates rumen microbiota metabolism in ruminants. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of the composition of the rumen microbiota, its impact on feed efficiency, the factors influencing the composition and abundance of rumen microbes, and the correlation between changes in rumen metabolites and metabolic diseases. It also presents a detailed review of metabolomics studies on the regulation of the rumen microbiota by Chinese herbal medicines and their extracts, aiming to provide reference and guidance for future research on the interaction between Chinese herbal medicines and rumen microbiota.
Key words: metabolomics; rumen microbiota; traditional Chinese medicine; ruminants
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