1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验设计和饲粮
表1 母猪基本信息Table 1 Basic information of sows |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 初选数 Initial separation number/头 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | ||
| 胎次Parity | 4.08 | 4.14 | 4.15 | 4.00 | 3.93 | 4.07 | 0.14 | 0.99 |
| 体况评分Body condition score | 3.58 | 3.39 | 3.50 | 3.43 | 3.46 | 3.43 | 0.10 | 0.99 |
| 初选体重Initial body weight/kg | 263.31 | 259.69 | 257.27 | 257.58 | 257.93 | 250.79 | 2.89 | 0.90 |
| 淘汰数Elimination number/头 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 断奶数Weaning number/头 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | ||
母猪采食量缺失、脚痛、全胎死亡及疾病死亡均淘汰。 | |
Sows with feed loss, foot pain, total fetal death and disease death were eliminated. |
表2 各组饲粮氨基酸扣减方案Table 2 Dietary amino acid deduction scheme of each group % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |
| 标准回肠可消化氨基酸含量SID amino acid content | ||||||
| 赖氨酸Lys | 0.78 | 0.62 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.79 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.26 |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.41 | 0.50 | 0.51 |
| 色氨酸Trp | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.17 |
| 缬氨酸Val | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.54 |
| 标准回肠可消化氨基酸/标准回肠可消化赖氨酸SID amino acid/SID Lys | ||||||
| 赖氨酸Lys | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 33.33 | 41.94 | 26.92 | 32.91 | 33.33 | 32.91 |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 64.10 | 82.26 | 64.10 | 51.90 | 64.10 | 64.56 |
| 色氨酸Trp | 21.79 | 27.42 | 21.79 | 21.52 | 17.95 | 21.52 |
| 缬氨酸Val | 85.90 | 109.68 | 85.90 | 84.81 | 85.90 | 68.35 |
表3 饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 3 Composition and nutrient levels of diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |
| 原料Ingredients | ||||||
| 玉米Corn | 63.03 | 62.70 | 63.04 | 62.95 | 63.04 | 62.85 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 12.30 | 12.85 | 12.32 | 12.45 | 12.32 | 12.60 |
| 葵花籽粕Sunflower seed meal | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 |
| 麦麸Wheat bran | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| 大豆油Soybean oil | 2.80 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 2.80 |
| L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L-Lys·HCl | 0.32 | 0.10 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
| DL-蛋氨酸DL-Met | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
| L-苏氨酸L-Thr | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | |
| L-色氨酸L-Trp | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
| L-缬氨酸L-Val | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.10 |
| 石粉Limestone | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.90 |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrients levels2) | ||||||
| 消化能DE/(MJ/kg) | 13.97 | 14.01 | 13.98 | 13.98 | 13.98 | 13.99 |
| 净能NE/(MJ/kg) | 10.20 | 10.21 | 10.21 | 10.21 | 10.21 | 10.21 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 15.04 | 15.03 | 15.02 | 15.03 | 15.02 | 15.04 |
| 粗纤维CF | 4.29 | 4.54 | 4.55 | 4.36 | 4.44 | 4.56 |
| 钙Ca | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.69 |
| 总磷TP | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.59 |
| 标准全肠道可消化磷STTD P | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 |
| 标准回肠可消化氨基酸SID amino acids | ||||||
| 赖氨酸Lys | 0.78 | 0.62 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.79 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.26 |
| 蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.48 | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.52 |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.41 | 0.50 | 0.51 |
| 色氨酸Trp | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.17 |
| 缬氨酸Val | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.54 |
| 精氨酸Arg | 0.85 | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.86 |
| 组氨酸His | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
| 异亮氨酸Ile | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.49 |
| 亮氨酸Leu | 1.09 | 1.10 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 1.10 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phe | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.60 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets:VA 10 000 IU,VD3 3 000 IU,VE 10 mg,VK3 1 mg,VB1 1 mg,VB2 1 mg,VB6 1 mg,VB12 1 mg,烟酸 nicotinic acid 30 mg,D-泛酸 D-pantothenic acid 6.6 mg,生物素 biotin 0.172 mg,叶酸 folic acid 1.58 mg,Cu (as copper sulfate) 13.2 mg,Fe (as ferrous sulfate) 120 mg,Mn (as manganese sulfate) 70 mg,Zn (as zinc sulfate) 68 mg,I (as potassium iodide) 1.84 mg,Se (as sodium selenite) 0.4 mg。 2)粗蛋白质(GB/T 6432—2018)、粗纤维(GB/T 6434—2022)、钙(GB/T 6436—2018)和总磷(GB/T 6437—2018)为实测值,其余为计算值[根据NRC(2012)计算所得]。CP (GB/T 6432—2018), CF (GB/T 6434—2022), Ca (GB/T 6436—2018) and TP (GB/T 6437—2018) were measured values, while the others were calculated values according to NRC(2012)。 |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品采集与处理
1.5 测定指标及方法
1.5.1 母猪生产性能
1.5.2 仔猪生长性能
1.5.3 乳汁常规营养成分含量
1.5.4 母猪血清生化指标和游离氨基酸(FAA)含量
1.5.5 母猪饲粮营养物质表观消化率
1.6 数据统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪采食量的影响
表4 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪采食量的影响Table 4 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on feed intake of lactating sows kg/d |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 产前1周Prenatal 1 week | 3.02 | 2.93 | 3.07 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.03 | 0.04 | 0.94 |
| 泌乳期Lactation | ||||||||
| 第1周Week 1 | 4.70 | 4.66 | 4.69 | 4.77 | 4.74 | 4.79 | 0.04 | 0.91 |
| 第2周Week 2 | 6.67 | 7.13 | 6.82 | 7.09 | 6.91 | 7.09 | 0.07 | 0.40 |
| 第3周Week 3 | 6.68 | 7.32 | 6.83 | 7.36 | 7.14 | 7.39 | 0.92 | 0.21 |
| 泌乳全期Entire lactation | 6.02 | 6.37 | 6.11 | 6.41 | 6.26 | 6.42 | 0.48 | 0.15 |
同行数据肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪营养物质表观消化率的影响
表5 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪营养物质表观消化率的影响Table 5 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on nutrient apparent digestibility of lactating sows % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 粗蛋白质CP | 89.68a | 87.31c | 89.29a | 88.95ab | 88.18bc | 87.91bc | 0.18 | <0.01 |
| 粗纤维CF | 63.41a | 55.54b | 58.66ab | 56.10b | 53.38b | 56.51b | 0.85 | 0.01 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 65.56 | 65.81 | 63.53 | 68.00 | 64.71 | 64.56 | 0.91 | 0.81 |
2.3 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对母猪繁殖性能的影响
表6 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对母猪繁殖性能的影响Table 6 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet reproductive performance of sows |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 产程Labor length/min | 253.44 | 257.06 | 219.60 | 241.92 | 228.96 | 276.60 | 0.16 | 0.75 |
| 胎盘重Placental weight/kg | 3.52 | 3.93 | 3.77 | 3.59 | 3.48 | 3.54 | 0.15 | 0.82 |
| 总产仔数Total number born/头 | 13.77 | 14.14 | 14.00 | 13.29 | 13.21 | 13.64 | 0.30 | 0.99 |
| 活仔数Number of born alive/头 | 13.08 | 13.00 | 13.00 | 12.79 | 12.29 | 12.64 | 0.28 | 0.97 |
| 健仔数 Number of healthy piglets/头 | 12.31 | 12.00 | 12.31 | 11.57 | 11.71 | 11.30 | 0.26 | 0.81 |
| 弱仔数 Number of weak piglets/头 | 0.54c | 1.21ab | 0.77bc | 0.86abc | 0.29c | 1.50a | 0.10 | <0.01 |
| 畸形数Number of deformity/头 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.16 |
| 死胎数Number of stillbirth/头 | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.77 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.70 | 0.09 | 0.66 |
| 木乃伊数Number of mummy/头 | 0.08 | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.43 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.18 |
| 健仔率Healthy piglet rate/% | 89.37a | 84.69bc | 87.93abc | 87.12abc | 88.58ab | 83.57c | 0.61 | 0.04 |
| 初生窝重Litter birth weight/kg | 20.18 | 18.53 | 19.20 | 18.42 | 20.07 | 18.73 | 0.40 | 0.86 |
| 初生个体重 Individual birth weight/kg | 1.46ab | 1.32b | 1.38b | 1.43ab | 1.56a | 1.39b | 0.02 | 0.03 |
弱仔数、畸形数和健仔率采用Kruskal-Wallis检验分析。 | |
Number of weak piglets, number of deformity and healthy piglet rate were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. |
2.4 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪体重和背膘厚的影响
表7 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪体重和背膘厚的影响Table 7 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on body weight and backfat thickness of lactating sows |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | ||||
| 母猪体重Sow body weight/kg | |||||||||
| 妊娠第107天 Day 107 of gestation | 263.31 | 259.69 | 257.27 | 257.58 | 257.93 | 250.79 | 2.89 | 0.90 | |
| 分娩后第21天 Day 21 after delivery | 239.93 | 230.00 | 228.38 | 231.92 | 228.69 | 227.14 | 2.38 | 0.67 | |
| 体损失Weight loss | 23.38b | 29.69a | 28.90a | 25.67b | 29.25a | 23.64b | 0.56 | <0.01 | |
| 母猪背膘厚度Sow backfat thickness/mm | |||||||||
| 妊娠第107天 Day 107 of gestation | 15.46 | 14.77 | 15.08 | 15.00 | 14.79 | 15.57 | 0.36 | 0.98 | |
| 分娩后第21天 Day 21 after delivery | 13.63 | 12.27 | 13.22 | 13.11 | 12.46 | 14.25 | 0.36 | 0.67 | |
| 背膘损失Backfat loss | 1.83ab | 2.50a | 1.86ab | 1.89ab | 2.33a | 1.33b | 0.10 | 0.02 | |
2.5 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响
表8 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响Table 8 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on growth performance of suckling piglets |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 交叉寄养后After cross-foster | ||||||||
| 每窝仔猪数Number of piglets per litter/头 | ||||||||
| 3日龄3 days of age | 11.50 | 11.92 | 11.62 | 11.50 | 11.57 | 11.30 | 0.08 | 0.40 |
| 7日龄7 days of age | 11.15 | 11.77 | 11.62 | 11.50 | 11.43 | 11.50 | 0.09 | 0.55 |
| 14日龄14 days of age | 11.15 | 11.38 | 11.38 | 11.21 | 11.29 | 11.43 | 0.10 | 0.96 |
| 21日龄21 days of age | 11.00 | 11.38 | 11.46 | 10.86 | 11.21 | 11.21 | 0.10 | 0.53 |
| 仔猪窝重Litter weight of piglets/kg | ||||||||
| 3日龄3 days of age | 23.05 | 22.71 | 22.89 | 22.25 | 23.72 | 21.89 | 0.36 | 0.71 |
| 7日龄7 days of age | 31.37 | 30.49 | 31.79 | 30.87 | 32.49 | 30.49 | 0.44 | 0.75 |
| 14日龄14 days of age | 52.07 | 48.82 | 51.55 | 50.25 | 52.93 | 49.95 | 0.68 | 0.56 |
| 21日龄21 days of age | 74.69 | 71.21 | 73.73 | 70.05 | 74.99 | 70.17 | 0.91 | 0.42 |
| 仔猪个体重Individual weight of piglet/kg | ||||||||
| 3日龄3 days of age | 2.01 | 1.91 | 1.98 | 1.94 | 2.05 | 1.95 | 0.03 | 0.80 |
| 7日龄7 days of age | 2.81 | 2.60 | 2.76 | 2.67 | 2.84 | 2.65 | 0.04 | 0.53 |
| 14日龄14 days of age | 4.68 | 4.64 | 4.35 | 4.49 | 4.83 | 4.44 | 0.07 | 0.36 |
| 21日龄21 days of age | 6.79a | 6.16b | 6.48ab | 6.45ab | 6.70a | 6.26b | 0.07 | <0.01 |
| 仔猪平均日增重ADG of piglets/g | ||||||||
| 3~7日龄3 to 7 days of age | 199.70 | 172.69 | 190.02 | 186.17 | 198.93 | 175.34 | 4.76 | 0.44 |
| 8~14日龄8 to 14 days of age | 265.29 | 241.04 | 258.84 | 259.15 | 263.78 | 247.06 | 4.48 | 0.61 |
| 15~21日龄15 to 21 days of age | 297.63 | 268.56 | 278.56 | 281.70 | 283.26 | 274.70 | 3.12 | 0.15 |
| 3~21日龄3 to 21 days of age | 265.78a | 238.71d | 252.43ab | 249.26bc | 256.68ab | 239.82cd | 3.05 | <0.01 |
| 仔猪育成率 Rearing rate of piglets/% | 89.72 | 89.29 | 91.73 | 93.30 | 97.02 | 96.92 | 2.07 | 0.82 |
| 仔猪腹泻率 Diarrhea incidence of piglets/% | 0.46 | 0.58 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 0.34 | 0.11 | 0.24 |
| 母猪泌乳量 Milk yield of sows/kg | 247.09a | 229.33ab | 243.37a | 235.75ab | 242.74a | 223.20b | 2.49 | 0.03 |
2.6 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪乳汁常规营养成分含量的影响
表9 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪乳汁常规营养成分含量的影响Table 9 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on conventional nutrient contents in milk of lactating sows |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 初乳Colostrum | ||||||||
| 乳蛋白质Milk protein/% | 16.84 | 15.04 | 16.23 | 15.23 | 15.94 | 15.22 | 0.20 | 0.08 |
| 乳脂Milk fat/% | 5.42 | 5.35 | 5.35 | 4.71 | 5.08 | 4.36 | 0.13 | 0.35 |
| 乳糖Milk lactose/% | 2.27 | 2.09 | 2.00 | 2.09 | 1.95 | 1.96 | 0.04 | 0.33 |
| 非脂乳固形物 Non-fat milk solids/% | 25.37 | 23.74 | 24.09 | 23.89 | 24.68 | 23.95 | 0.22 | 0.17 |
| 总固形物Total solids/% | 33.34 | 31.09 | 32.03 | 31.58 | 31.62 | 31.88 | 0.27 | 0.19 |
| 乳尿素氮MUN/(mg/dL) | 56.83c | 63.71a | 58.71bc | 59.00bc | 58.00bc | 61.50ab | 0.57 | <0.01 |
| 常乳Normal milk | ||||||||
| 乳蛋白质Milk protein/% | 6.45a | 5.34c | 5.93ab | 5.86bc | 5.98ab | 5.85bc | 0.14 | 0.01 |
| 乳脂Milk fat/% | 7.29 | 7.46 | 7.39 | 7.26 | 7.95 | 7.92 | 0.23 | 0.87 |
| 乳糖Milk lactose/% | 4.15a | 3.09a | 2.88a | 3.43a | 3.13a | 2.42b | 0.18 | <0.01 |
| 非脂乳固形物 Non-fat milk solids/% | 16.42 | 15.09 | 15.58 | 15.79 | 16.29 | 15.60 | 0.18 | 0.17 |
| 总固形物Total solids/% | 28.81 | 26.42 | 27.32 | 26.88 | 27.24 | 26.82 | 0.35 | 0.22 |
| 乳尿素氮MUN/(mg/dL) | 18.60b | 33.68a | 31.50a | 29.09a | 28.56a | 30.23a | 1.39 | 0.02 |
2.7 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪血清生化指标和FAA含量的影响
表10 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪血清生化指标的影响Table 10 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on serum biochemical indices of lactating sows |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | ||||
| 分娩后第14天Day 14 after delivery | |||||||||
| 总蛋白TP/(g/L) | 114.60 | 106.85 | 108.50 | 104.09 | 102.15 | 95.02 | 1.89 | 0.07 | |
| 白蛋白ALB/(g/L) | 67.29 | 68.71 | 70.39 | 65.28 | 64.80 | 65.43 | 1.29 | 0.80 | |
| 谷丙转氨酶ALT/(U/L) | 42.31 | 48.91 | 45.90 | 50.81 | 51.78 | 38.94 | 1.73 | 0.21 | |
| 谷草转氨酶AST/(U/L) | 30.39 | 35.25 | 38.25 | 37.75 | 34.88 | 26.70 | 1.39 | 0.11 | |
| 尿素氮UN/(mmol/L) | 5.47c | 9.56a | 8.35ab | 7.22b | 6.94bc | 7.28b | 0.27 | <0.01 | |
| 葡萄糖GLU/(mmol/L) | 6.13a | 5.80a | 5.50ab | 4.42b | 4.45b | 5.49ab | 0.17 | <0.01 | |
| 甘油三酯TG/(mmol/L) | 0.42 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.31 | |
| 总胆固醇TC/(mmol/L) | 2.92 | 3.42 | 3.34 | 3.17 | 2.73 | 2.65 | 0.12 | 0.30 | |
| 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 LDL-C/(mmol/L) | 1.69 | 2.00 | 1.94 | 1.85 | 1.41 | 1.56 | 0.09 | 0.31 | |
| 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 HDL-C/(mmol/L) | 1.51 | 1.77 | 1.71 | 1.64 | 1.46 | 1.39 | 0.05 | 0.26 | |
| 分娩后第21天Day 21 after delivery | |||||||||
| 总蛋白TP/(g/L) | 97.37a | 78.16b | 80.09b | 79.10b | 89.23ab | 80.49b | 2.04 | 0.04 | |
| 白蛋白ALB/(g/L) | 56.16 | 49.76 | 51.86 | 50.21 | 57.64 | 51.19 | 1.30 | 0.39 | |
| 谷丙转氨酶ALT/(U/L) | 37.85 | 38.70 | 38.71 | 38.99 | 43.51 | 38.85 | 1.53 | 0.92 | |
| 谷草转氨酶AST/(U/L) | 25.00 | 22.13 | 28.88 | 26.38 | 28.25 | 31.71 | 1.13 | 0.22 | |
| 尿素氮UN/(mmol/L) | 4.65c | 6.64a | 5.50abc | 5.19bc | 6.21ab | 5.24bc | 0.20 | 0.03 | |
| 葡萄糖GLU/(mmol/L) | 4.71 | 4.25 | 4.23 | 4.06 | 4.18 | 3.76 | 0.13 | 0.49 | |
| 甘油三酯TG/(mmol/L) | 0.39 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.02 | 0.76 | |
| 总胆固醇TC/(mmol/L) | 2.96 | 2.34 | 2.68 | 2.56 | 2.95 | 2.59 | 0.12 | 0.69 | |
| 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 LDL-C/(mmol/L) | 1.59 | 1.35 | 1.52 | 1.35 | 1.57 | 1.46 | 0.08 | 0.93 | |
| 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 HDL-C/(mmol/L) | 1.48 | 1.19 | 1.29 | 1.29 | 1.49 | 1.23 | 0.06 | 0.54 | |
表11 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪分娩后第21天血清FAA含量的影响Table 11 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on serum FAA content lactating sows on day 21 after delivery μg/mL |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 必需氨基酸EAA | ||||||||
| 赖氨酸Lys | 9.58a | 7.22b | 8.37ab | 10.21a | 9.49a | 9.30a | 0.28 | 0.03 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 4.33ab | 4.86a | 3.64b | 4.00b | 4.17ab | 4.25ab | 0.10 | 0.02 |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 9.07bc | 12.45a | 8.98bc | 7.07c | 8.77bc | 9.43b | 0.34 | <0.01 |
| 色氨酸Trp | 5.71 | 6.11 | 5.44 | 6.23 | 5.23 | 5.84 | 0.13 | 0.21 |
| 缬氨酸Val | 21.61 | 22.99 | 19.77 | 22.11 | 20.14 | 19.38 | 0.44 | 0.11 |
| 异亮氨酸Ile | 10.30 | 11.35 | 9.13 | 10.53 | 9.95 | 10.34 | 0.24 | 0.15 |
| 亮氨酸Leu | 15.44 | 16.63 | 14.31 | 17.07 | 15.16 | 16.06 | 0.38 | 0.32 |
| 组氨酸His | 7.83 | 8.18 | 7.85 | 7.90 | 7.23 | 8.37 | 0.21 | 0.75 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phe | 9.43 | 9.98 | 8.13 | 9.37 | 8.31 | 9.76 | 0.24 | 0.12 |
| 精氨酸Arg | 18.39 | 17.25 | 15.12 | 18.55 | 16.05 | 16.42 | 0.50 | 0.30 |
| 非必需氨基酸NEAA | ||||||||
| 丝氨酸Ser | 6.81 | 8.54 | 6.90 | 6.87 | 6.76 | 7.80 | 0.21 | 0.07 |
| 甘氨酸Gly | 35.06 | 37.45 | 37.81 | 36.80 | 35.41 | 36.05 | 0.85 | 0.93 |
| 天冬氨酸Asp | 2.20ab | 1.87b | 1.84b | 2.32ab | 2.06b | 2.75a | 0.09 | 0.03 |
| 谷氨酸Glu | 30.31ab | 25.03b | 24.21b | 28.09ab | 25.82b | 34.21a | 0.96 | 0.02 |
| 丙氨酸Ala | 32.57 | 28.24 | 29.61 | 30.70 | 25.78 | 27.89 | 0.77 | 0.16 |
| 脯氨酸Pro | 20.43 | 21.30 | 19.42 | 21.76 | 17.48 | 19.11 | 0.61 | 0.36 |
| 半胱氨酸Cys | 1.63 | 1.64 | 1.38 | 1.59 | 1.46 | 1.71 | 0.14 | 0.99 |
| 酪氨酸Tyr | 12.16 | 14.15 | 10.96 | 12.15 | 11.94 | 11.55 | 0.40 | 0.31 |
2.8 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪后续繁殖能力的影响
表12 低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸部分扣减对泌乳母猪后续繁殖能力的影响Table 12 Effects of partial deduction of amino acids in low-protein diet on subsequent reproductive capacity of lactating sows |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LP | LP-Lys | LP-Met | LP-Thr | LP-Trp | LP-Val | |||
| 断奶后7 d发情率 Estrus rate after weaning for 7 days/% | 92.31 | 92.31 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 92.31 | 2.14 | 0.68 |
| 断奶发情间隔 Weaning-to-estrus interval/d | 3.60 | 4.08 | 3.77 | 4.00 | 4.14 | 4.46 | 0.11 | 0.31 |
| 发情配种率 Estrus pregnancy rate/% | 100.00 | 92.31 | 92.31 | 92.86 | 92.86 | 84.62 | 2.96 | 0.83 |
| 返情率 Returning estrus rate/% | 0.00 | 7.69 | 7.69 | 7.14 | 7.14 | 15.38 | 2.96 | 0.83 |
采用Kruskal-Wallis检验分析。 | |
Analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test |

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