1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验方法
1.2.1 噬菌体VB_SauM_Lm44的复苏
1.2.2 穿孔素基因的分析
1.2.3 穿孔素基因HolLm44的克隆
1.2.4 穿孔素基因HolLm44的诱导表达
1.2.5 穿孔素HolLm44的大量表达与纯化
1.2.6 穿孔素HolLm44蛋白活性验证
1.2.7 穿孔素HolLm44最小抑菌浓度测定
1.2.8 穿孔素HolLm44对宿主菌金黄色葡萄球菌m44的影响
1.2.9 穿孔素HolLm44的最适作用温度及pH测定
1.2.10 穿孔素HolLm44对20株金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果
1.3 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 噬菌体VB_SauM_Lm44的复苏
2.2 噬菌体VB_SauM_Lm44穿孔素HolLm44蛋白预测
表1 穿孔素HolLm44蛋白预测结果Table 1 Holin HolLm44 protein prediction results |
| 名称 Name | 氨基酸数量 Amino acid number/个 | 分子质量 Molecular weight/ kDa | 理论等 电点pI Theoretical pI | 带负电荷残基 (Asp+Glu)总数 Total number of negatively charged residues (Asp+Glu) | 带正电荷残基 (Arg+Lys)总数 Total number of positively charged residues (Arg+Lys) | 半衰期 Half-life period | 不稳定性 指数 Instability index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HolLm44 | 182 | 20 122.8 | 6.74 | 20 | 20 | 30 h(哺乳动物网 织红细胞,体外); >20 h(酵母,体内); >10 h(大肠杆菌,体内) | 35.82 |
2.3 VB_SauM_Lm44穿孔素基因克隆结果
图4 穿孔素基因克隆结果A:PCR扩增穿孔素基因片段的电泳结果(M:DNA Marker 2 000 bp;1:阴性对照;2:HolLm44基因PCR产物);B:菌液PCR验证穿孔素基因(M:DNA Marker 2 000 bp;1、2、3、4:转化子菌落PCR产物);C:重组质粒的Bam H Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ双酶切验证(M1:DNA Marker 10 000 bp;M2:DNA Marker 2 000 bp;1:重组质粒;2:重组质粒双酶切产物)。 Fig.4 Cloning results of holin gene A: electrophoretic results of PCR amplification of the holin gene fragment (M: DNA Marker 2 000 bp; 1: negative control; 2: HolLm44 gene PCR product; B: bacterial solution PCR verifies holin gene (M: DNA Marker 2 000 bp; 1, 2, 3, 4: transformant colony PCR product; C: Bam H Ⅰ and Xho Ⅰ double digestion validation of recombinant plasmids (M1: DNA Marker 10 000 bp; M2: DNA Marker 2 000 bp; 1: recombinant plasmid; 2: recombinant plasmid double digestion product). |
2.4 VB_SauM_Lm44穿孔素基因表达结果
图5 穿孔素BL21 (DE3)表达A:表达菌株BL21(DE3)的生长速度(HolLm44+:携带HolLm44;HolLm44-:不携带HolLm44);B:不同菌液中穿孔素蛋白在诱导30 min及1.5 h后的表达情况(M:蛋白质分子质量标准;1:诱导30 min空质粒转化子全菌体;2:诱导30 min HolLm44+转化子全菌体;3:诱导1.5 h空质粒转化子全菌体;4:诱导1.5 h HolLm44+转化子全菌体;5:诱导30 min空质粒转化子胞内液;6:诱导30 min HolLm44+转化子胞内液;7:诱导1.5 h空质粒转化子胞内液;8:诱导1.5 h HolLm44+转化子胞内液);C:双层平板点样法验证蛋白活性(1:噬菌体液;2:诱导HolLm44+转化子胞内液;3:诱导空质粒转化子胞内液;4:磷酸盐缓冲液)。 Fig.5 Holin BL21 (DE3) expression A: growth rate of the expression strain BL21(DE3) (HolLm44+: carried HolLm44; HolLm44-: did not carry HolLm44); B: expression of pore-forming protein in various bacterial lysates induced for 30 min and 1.5 h (M: protein molecular weight standard; 1: induction of 30 min empty plasmid transformer whole bacteria; 2: induction of 30 min HolLm44+transformant whole bacteria; 3: induction of 1.5 h empty plasmid transformant whole bacteria; 4: induction of 1.5 h HolLm44+transformant whole bacteria; 5: induction of 30 min empty plasmid transformant intracellular fluid; 6: induce 30 min HolLm44+transformant intracellular fluid; 7: induction of 1.5 h empty plasmid transformant intracellular fluid; 8: induction of 1.5 h HolLm44+transformant intracellular fluid); C: assessment of protein activity via the double-layered agar well diffusion assay (1: phage fluid; 2: intracellular fluid of induced HolLm44+transformants; 3: intracellular fluid of induced empty plasmid transformants; 4: PBS). |
图6 穿孔素BL21(DE3)plysS表达A:BL21(DE3)plysS的生长曲线;B:纯化洗脱蛋白液考马斯亮蓝染色情况(M:蛋白质分子质量标准10~250 kDa;1:10 mmol/L咪唑洗脱;2:100 mmol/L咪唑洗脱;3:150 mmol/L咪唑洗脱;4:200 mmol/L咪唑洗脱;5:300 mmol/L咪唑洗脱)。 Fig.6 Holin BL21 (DE3) plysS expression A: growth curve of BL21(DE3) plysS; B: Coomassie brilliant blue staining of purified eluted protein solution ( M: protein molecular weight standard 10-250 kDa; 1: 10 mmol/L imidazole elution; 2: 100 mmol/L imidazole elution; 3: 150 mmol/L imidazole elution; 4: 200 mmol/L imidazole elution; 5: 300 mmol/L imidazole elution). |
2.5 穿孔素HolLm44的抑菌效果
图7 穿孔素HolLm44的抑菌效果及最适作用条件(温度和pH)A:双层平板点样结果(1:磷酸盐缓冲溶液;2、3:纯化蛋白);B:刃天青染色结果;C:HolLm44作用前后金黄色葡萄球菌m44的革兰氏染色结果(a:未经HolLm44处理的金黄色葡萄球菌m44菌体;b:经HolLm44处理的金黄色葡萄球菌m44菌体);D:HolLm44最适作用条件结果(a:HolLm44在不同温度下的抑菌效果;b:HolLm44在不同pH下的抑菌效果)。 Fig.7 Bacteriostatic effect and optimal action conditions (temperature and pH) of holin HolLm44 A: double-layer plate spotting results (1: PBS; 2, 3: purified protein; B: Gram stain results of S. aureus m44 before and after HolLm44 action; C: Gram stain results of S. aureus m44 before and after HolLm44 action ( a: S. aureus m44 bacteria not treated with HolLm44; b: S. aureus m44 bacteria treated with HolLm44); D: results of HolLm44 optimal conditions of action (a: bacteriostatic effect of HolLm44 at different temperatures; b: bacteriostatic effect of HolLm44 at different pH). |
表2 穿孔素HolLm44对不同来源金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌能力Table 2 Bacteriostatic ability of holin HolLm44 against S. aureus from different sources |
| 菌株 Strains | 敏感性 Sensibility | 菌株 Strains | 敏感性 Sensibility | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 金黄色葡萄球菌CVCC 3056 S. aureus CVCC 3056 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌F7 S. aureus F7 | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923 S. aureus ATCC 25923 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌JII S. aureus JII | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213 S. aureus ATCC 29213 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌CD S. aureus CD | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌F24 S. aureus F24 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌E21 S. aureus E21 | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌E63 S. aureus E63 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌F1 S. aureus F1 | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌E1 S. aureus E1 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌F26 S. aureus F26 | - | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌F9 S. aureus F9 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌m44 S. aureus m44 | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌E44 S. aureus E44 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌m48 S. aureus m48 | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌CX S. aureus CX | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌m34 S. aureus m34 | + | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌F76 S. aureus F76 | + | 金黄色葡萄球菌m43 S. aureus m43 | + |
“+”表示敏感,“-”表示不敏感。 | |
“+” mean sensitive, and “-” mean insensitive. |

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