1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
表1 黄芩秸秆营养成分Table 1 Nutritional composition of Scutellaria baicalensis straw % |
| 项目Items | 含量Content |
|---|---|
| 干物质DM | 96.54 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 6.30 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 2.12 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 60.82 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 42.54 |
| 粗灰分Ash | 7.88 |
| 钙Ca | 0.79 |
| 磷P | 0.17 |
除干物质外,其余营养成分含量均为干物质基础。 | |
Except for dry matter, the contents of other nutrients were based on dry matter. |
1.2 试验设计及饲粮
表2 试验饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)Table 2 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets (DM basis ) % |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 6%组 6% group | 12%组 12% group | 18%组 18% group | 24%组 24% group | 30%组 30% group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 原料Ingredients | ||||||
| 苜蓿Alfalfa hay | 14.73 | 13.42 | 12.34 | 10.88 | 9.47 | 7.82 |
| 小麦秸秆Wheat stalk | 25.28 | 20.57 | 15.66 | 11.11 | 6.54 | 2.18 |
| 黄芩秸秆Scutellaria baicalensis straw | 6.00 | 12.00 | 18.00 | 24.00 | 30.00 | |
| 玉米Corn | 33.74 | 33.73 | 33.83 | 33.74 | 33.73 | 33.72 |
| 麸皮Wheat bran | 7.18 | 7.19 | 7.17 | 7.23 | 7.18 | 7.03 |
| 棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 14.96 | 14.96 | 14.88 | 14.92 | 14.97 | 15.14 |
| 食盐NaCl | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 小苏打NaHCO3 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.61 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | ||||||
| 代谢能ME/(MJ/kg) | 9.20 | 9.30 | 9.20 | 9.22 | 9.22 | 9.16 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 13.34 | 13.42 | 13.34 | 13.38 | 13.36 | 13.34 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 2.36 | 2.42 | 2.48 | 2.54 | 2.60 | 2.65 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 44.82 | 43.88 | 44.76 | 44.60 | 44.59 | 45.17 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 27.49 | 27.45 | 27.30 | 26.24 | 27.16 | 28.53 |
| 钙Ca | 1.27 | 1.38 | 1.49 | 1.53 | 1.51 | 1.59 |
| 磷P | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.40 |
1)每千克预混料含有One kilogram of premix contained the following: VA 150 000 IU,VD3 56 500 IU,VE 8 000 IU,Se (as sodium selenite) 14 mg,I (as potassium iodide)80 mg,Cu (as copper sulfate)290 mg,Mn (as manganese sulfate)1 925 mg,Zn (as zinc oxide) 2 050 mg,Co (as cobalt sulfate) 24 mg。 2)代谢能为计算值[12],其余均为实测值。ME was a calculated value[12], while the rest were measured values. |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品采集与指标测定
1.4.1 生长性能
1.4.2 营养物质表观消化率
1.4.3 血清指标
1.5 统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊生长性能的影响
表3 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊生长性能的影响Table 3 Effects of different Scutellaria baicalensis straw levels on growth performance of Scape goat (n=10) |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 6%组 6% group | 12%组 12% group | 18%组 18% group | 24%组 24% group | 30%组 30% group | SEM | P值P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||
| 初重 Initial weight/kg | 27.81 | 26.87 | 27.21 | 27.05 | 26.82 | 26.80 | 0.475 | 0.993 | 0.603 | 0.836 |
| 末重 Final weight/kg | 39.42 | 39.79 | 39.36 | 39.90 | 40.81 | 39.20 | 0.530 | 0.965 | 0.827 | 0.714 |
| 平均日增重 ADG/(g/d) | 193.42b | 215.33ab | 212.50ab | 214.20ab | 233.17a | 206.60ab | 4.734 | 0.042 | 0.180 | 0.279 |
| 干物质采食量 DMI/(kg/d) | 1.77 | 1.78 | 1.79 | 1.79 | 1.81 | 1.77 | 0.105 | 0.162 | 0.341 | 0.673 |
| 料重比F/G | 9.38a | 8.42ab | 8.47ab | 8.43ab | 7.91b | 8.89ab | 0.180 | 0.049 | 0.344 | 0.067 |
同行数据肩标无字母或相同小写字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同大写字母表示差异极显著(P<0.01),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter superscripts or the same small letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different capital letter superscripts mean extremely significant difference (P<0.01), and with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊营养物质表观消化率的影响
表4 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊营养物质表观消化率的影响Table 4 Effects of different Scutellaria baicalensis straw levels on apparent digestibility of nutrients of Scape goat (n=5) % |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 6%组 6% group | 12%组 12% group | 18%组 18% group | 24%组 24% group | 30%组 30% group | SEM | P值P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||
| 干物质DM | 67.26b | 70.93b | 71.48b | 72.48a | 71.32b | 69.75b | 0.584 | 0.020 | 0.202 | 0.137 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 65.72b | 68.32a | 69.88a | 71.10a | 73.83a | 69.21a | 0.761 | 0.040 | 0.016 | 0.159 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 63.97b | 67.93ab | 68.82ab | 71.58a | 73.57a | 70.73ab | 1.025 | 0.014 | 0.010 | 0.593 |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 63.25 | 62.22 | 66.57 | 68.01 | 68.99 | 63.70 | 1.433 | 0.055 | 0.201 | 0.251 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 52.71b | 55.48ab | 58.45ab | 59.14a | 65.76a | 52.74b | 1.700 | 0.045 | 0.340 | 0.168 |
2.3 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊血清生化指标的影响
表5 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊血清生化指标的影响Table 5 Effects of different Scutellaria baicalensis straw levels on serum biochemical indexes of Scape goat (n=10) |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 6%组 6% group | 12%组 12% group | 18%组 18% group | 24%组 24% group | 30%组 30% group | SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||||||||||||
| 葡萄糖 GLU/(mmol/L) | 3.22 | 3.66 | 3.55 | 3.52 | 3.35 | 3.34 | 0.070 | 0.439 | 0.808 | 0.122 | ||||||||||
| 乳酸脱氢酶 LDH/(U/L) | 3 786.55Aab | 3 741.94Aab | 4 018.07Aa | 3 434.84ABbc | 3 076.13Bc | 3 145.52Bc | 73.127 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.343 | ||||||||||
| 肌酸激酶 CK/(U/L) | 0.35BCb | 0.46ABa | 0.49Aa | 0.33Cbc | 0.26Cbc | 0.23Cc | 0.013 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.212 | ||||||||||
| 甘油三酯 TG/(mmol/L) | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.007 | 0.501 | 0.054 | 0.838 | ||||||||||
| 胆固醇 CHO/(mmol/L) | 1.64ABab | 1.54ABbc | 1.47ABbc | 1.34Bc | 1.55ABabc | 1.81Aa | 0.039 | 0.010 | 0.302 | 0.001 | ||||||||||
| 低密度脂蛋 白胆固醇 LDL-C/(mmol/L) | 0.79ab | 0.76ab | 0.69b | 0.69b | 0.78ab | 0.91a | 0.022 | 0.031 | 0.145 | 0.002 | ||||||||||
| 高密度脂蛋 白胆固醇 HDL-C/(mmol/L) | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.017 | 0.416 | 0.260 | 0.131 | ||||||||||
| 总蛋白 TP/(g/L) | 47.26Bc | 60.81Aa | 59.50Aa | 61.24Aa | 60.65Aa | 52.49Bb | 0.998 | <0.001 | 0.091 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 白蛋白 ALB/(g/L) | 28.61b | 33.03a | 30.88ab | 32.53a | 31.78ab | 29.82ab | 0.533 | 0.023 | 0.091 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 尿素氮 UN/(mmol/L) | 8.48 | 7.02 | 7.58 | 8.01 | 7.88 | 7.65 | 0.182 | 0.345 | 0.758 | 0.408 | ||||||||||
| 谷丙转氨酶 ALT/(U/L) | 4.70 | 3.94 | 4.60 | 4.40 | 3.83 | 4.06 | 0.137 | 0.288 | 0.152 | 0.992 | ||||||||||
| 谷草转氨酶 AST/(U/L) | 10.91 | 12.02 | 11.59 | 11.91 | 11.98 | 13.16 | 0.285 | 0.262 | 0.036 | 0.688 | ||||||||||
2.4 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊血清抗氧化指标的影响
表6 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊血清抗氧化指标的影响Table 6 Effects of different Scutellaria baicalensis straw levels on serum antioxidant indexes of Scape goat (n=10) |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 6%组 6% group | 12%组 12% group | 18%组 18% group | 24%组 24% group | 30%组 30% group | SEM | P值P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||
| 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U/mL) | 117.64b | 115.91b | 126.36ab | 140.56a | 138.90a | 127.97ab | 2.668 | 0.029 | 0.115 | 0.015 |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化酶 GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 54.14 | 48.00 | 53.27 | 55.64 | 55.64 | 52.93 | 1.510 | 0.725 | 0.567 | 0.914 |
| 总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/(mmol/L) | 1.01b | 1.07ab | 1.07ab | 1.09a | 1.06ab | 1.00b | 0.010 | 0.046 | 0.877 | 0.002 |
| 丙二醛 MDA/(nmol/mL) | 2.17 | 2.11 | 2.07 | 2.12 | 1.90 | 2.22 | 0.045 | 0.358 | 0.768 | 0.349 |
2.5 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊血清免疫指标的影响
表7 不同水平黄芩秸秆对巴音布鲁克羊血清免疫指标的影响Table 7 Effects of different Scutellaria baicalensis straw levels on serum immune indexes of Scape goat (n=10) ng/mL |
| 项目 Items | 对照组 Control group | 6%组 6% group | 12%组 12% group | 18%组 18% group | 24%组 24% group | 30%组 30% group | SEM | P值P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||
| 白细胞介素-1β IL-1β | 25.83ab | 24.68ab | 26.88a | 23.14ab | 21.33b | 27.91a | 0.677 | 0.038 | 0.782 | 0.146 |
| 白细胞介素-6 IL-6 | 71.10 | 61.95 | 61.01 | 62.74 | 63.85 | 74.85 | 2.132 | 0.418 | 0.579 | 0.045 |
| 白细胞介素-8 IL-8 | 94.46ABab | 85.31ABbc | 85.78ABbc | 72.83Bc | 77.22Bbc | 104.69Aa | 2.718 | 0.007 | 0.788 | 0.001 |
| 肿瘤坏死因子-α TNF-α | 77.39 | 76.31 | 77.12 | 57.91 | 67.29 | 74.45 | 2.777 | 0.424 | 0.258 | 0.253 |
| 干扰素-γ INF-γ | 84.37 | 76.30 | 79.62 | 68.15 | 64.07 | 74.68 | 3.081 | 0.429 | 0.104 | 0.380 |

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