1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
表1 棉籽粕产地及营养成分(风干基础)Table 1 Origin and nutrients of cottonseed meals (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 棉籽粕编号Cottonseed meal No. | 平均值 Mean | 标准差 SD | 变异系数 CV/% | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |||||
| 产地Origin | 新疆 阿克苏 | 新疆 图木舒克 | 新疆 阿克苏 | 新疆 昌吉 | 山东 嘉祥 | 山东 德州 | 山东 夏津 | 山东 夏津 | 河北 邯郸 | 河南 新乡 | ||||
| 营养成分(实测值) Nutrients (measured values) | ||||||||||||||
| 干物质DM | 87.95 | 91.27 | 87.71 | 90.42 | 90.29 | 88.05 | 90.73 | 89.64 | 92.61 | 90.56 | 89.92 | 1.59 | 1.76 | |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 54.61 | 51.70 | 50.28 | 46.25 | 59.18 | 53.12 | 44.22 | 38.47 | 60.39 | 52.35 | 51.06 | 6.67 | 13.07 | |
| 粗脂肪EE | 0.29 | 0.72 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 0.48 | 1.58 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.70 | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.37 | 59.69 | |
| 粗灰分Ash | 7.06 | 7.50 | 6.84 | 7.08 | 7.78 | 7.06 | 7.32 | 7.28 | 7.40 | 7.19 | 7.25 | 0.25 | 3.49 | |
| 淀粉Starch | 0.94 | 1.61 | 0.66 | 0.37 | 2.83 | 0.47 | 0.87 | 0.53 | 0.76 | 1.55 | 1.06 | 0.71 | 67.43 | |
| 粗纤维CF | 5.79 | 6.83 | 8.98 | 5.47 | 2.59 | 7.77 | 8.92 | 7.12 | 8.08 | 8.35 | 6.02 | 1.77 | 29.47 | |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 21.46 | 25.59 | 23.26 | 22.99 | 19.34 | 22.13 | 18.48 | 30.56 | 23.63 | 21.76 | 22.92 | 3.21 | 13.99 | |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 7.41 | 5.21 | 11.1 | 8.75 | 3.18 | 8.32 | 9.80 | 10.45 | 8.87 | 9.91 | 8.30 | 2.46 | 29.62 | |
| 总能GE/(MJ/kg) | 18.22 | 18.08 | 17.75 | 18.27 | 18.46 | 18.13 | 18.67 | 17.04 | 17.80 | 18.05 | 18.04 | 0.45 | 2.49 | |
| 清蛋白Albumin | 9.90 | 13.86 | 9.04 | 8.85 | 11.22 | 8.66 | 8.52 | 7.33 | 17.77 | 11.28 | 10.64 | 3.12 | 29.34 | |
| 球蛋白Globulin | 21.07 | 11.05 | 19.95 | 18.79 | 24.05 | 20.28 | 17.33 | 14.71 | 13.87 | 20.82 | 18.19 | 3.94 | 21.68 | |
| 醇溶蛋白Gliadin | 3.48 | 2.82 | 2.24 | 2.65 | 1.55 | 2.91 | 2.58 | 1.79 | 3.94 | 2.58 | 2.65 | 0.71 | 26.90 | |
| 谷蛋白Glutelin | 20.16 | 23.97 | 19.05 | 15.96 | 22.36 | 21.27 | 15.79 | 14.64 | 24.80 | 17.67 | 19.57 | 3.55 | 18.12 | |
1.2 试验设计及饲粮
表2 饲粮组成(风干基础)Table 2 Composition of diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目Items | 基础饲粮Basal diet | 试验饲粮Experimental diet |
|---|---|---|
| 玉米Corn | 61.24 | 47.26 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal (44.3% CP) | 22.21 | 17.14 |
| 棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 20.00 | |
| 石粉Limestone | 9.00 | 9.00 |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 1.10 | 1.10 |
| 大豆油Soybean oil | 1.00 | 0.77 |
| 玉米蛋白粉Corn gluten meal (61.6% CP) | 3.00 | 2.32 |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| L-赖氨酸L-Lys | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| DL-蛋氨酸DL-Met | 0.12 | 0.09 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 |
预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kilogram of diets:VA 10 000 IU,VD 3 300 IU,VE 30 mg,VK3 1.5 mg,VB1 2.5 mg,VB2 10 mg,VB6 6 mg,VB12 23 mg,烟酸 nicotinic acid 45 mg,泛酸 pantothenic acid 12 mg,叶酸 folic acid 1.0 g,生物素 biotin 5.5 mg,氯化胆碱 choline chloride 1.0 g,Fe (as ferrous sulfate) 100 mg,Cu (as copper sulfate) 20 mg,Zn (as zinc sulfate) 100 mg,Mn (as manganese sulfate) 100 mg,Se (as sodium selenite) 0.3 mg,I (as potassium iodide) 1.2 mg。 |
表3 饲粮营养水平(风干基础)Table 3 Nutrient levels of diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 棉籽粕编号Cottonseed meal No. | 基础饲粮 Basal diet | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||
| 干物质DM | 89.67 | 91.19 | 90.23 | 90.42 | 90.29 | 90.34 | 90.73 | 89.64 | 90.79 | 90.23 | 89.10 |
| 总能GE/(MJ/kg) | 13.64 | 13.83 | 13.53 | 14.20 | 14.18 | 13.89 | 14.24 | 13.75 | 13.74 | 14.17 | 13.47 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 24.99 | 25.16 | 19.02 | 22.11 | 24.22 | 22.88 | 22.00 | 23.49 | 22.66 | 21.08 | 16.01 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 2.74 | 2.82 | 2.73 | 2.74 | 2.78 | 3.00 | 2.80 | 2.78 | 2.82 | 2.86 | 2.73 |
| 粗纤维CF | 3.19 | 3.40 | 3.63 | 3.13 | 2.59 | 2.99 | 3.42 | 3.46 | 2.91 | 3.71 | 2.64 |
| 粗灰分Ash | 3.05 | 3.14 | 3.01 | 3.05 | 3.19 | 3.05 | 3.10 | 3.09 | 3.12 | 3.08 | 2.12 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 11.57 | 18.67 | 10.93 | 17.99 | 17.58 | 11.51 | 18.07 | 18.51 | 11.41 | 11.63 | 8.92 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 5.22 | 5.69 | 5.96 | 8.20 | 8.92 | 5.40 | 7.74 | 8.18 | 5.51 | 6.12 | 4.84 |
营养水平为实测值。 | |
Nutrient levels were measured values. |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 生产性能测定
1.5 呼吸测热数据和排泄物样品收集
1.6 净能装置
1.7 营养成分测定及方法
1.8 计算公式
1.8.1 能量摄入量
总能摄入量(GEI,MJ)=饲粮总能(MJ/kg)×采食量(kg);
表观代谢能摄入量(AMEI,MJ)=总能摄入量(MJ)-排泄物能(MJ);
表观代谢能(AME,MJ/kg)=表观代谢能摄入量(MJ)/采食量(kg)。
1.8.2 沉积能
沉积能(RE,kJ)=表观代谢能摄入量(kJ)-总产热量(THP,kJ);
氮沉积量(g)=氮摄入量(g)-氮排出量(g);
氮校正表观代谢能(AMEn,MJ/kg)=表观代谢能(AME,MJ/kg)-氮沉积量(kg)×34.39;
蛋白质沉积能(REprot,MJ)=氮沉积量(g)×6.25×23.84;
脂肪沉积能(REfat,MJ)=沉积能(MJ)-蛋白质沉积能(MJ)。
1.8.3 蛋中能量
1.8.4 饲粮净能
净能摄入量(NEI,kJ)=表观代谢能摄入量(kJ)-热增耗(HI,kJ);
热增耗[kJ/(kg BW0.75·d)]=总产热量[kJ/(kg BW0.75·d)]-绝食产热量[FHP,kJ/(kg BW0.75·d)];
饲粮净能(MJ/kg)=[表观代谢能摄入量(MJ)-热增耗(MJ)]/采食量(kg)。
总产热量(kJ)=16.18×O2消耗量(L)+5.02×CO2产生量(L)。
绝食产热量=370 kJ/kg BW0.75。
1.8.5 棉籽粕有效能
棉籽粕表观代谢能=(棉籽粕饲粮表观代谢能-基础饲粮表观代谢能×a)/b;
棉籽粕净能=(棉籽粕饲粮净能-基础饲粮净能×a)/b。
1.9 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 不同饲粮对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡生产性能、氮平衡和能量代谢的影响
表4 不同饲粮对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡生产性能和氮平衡的影响Table 4 Effects of different diets on performance and nitrogen balance of laying hens during peak laying period |
| 项目 Items | 棉籽粕编号Cottonseed meal No. | 基础饲粮 Basal diet | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||||
| 生长性能Growth performance | |||||||||||||
| 采食量Feed intake/(kg/d DM) | 0.10cd | 0.12ab | 0.11bcd | 0.12ab | 0.12a | 0.10d | 0.12abc | 0.11abc | 0.11bcd | 0.11cd | 0.11bcd | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| 平均体重Average BW/kg | 1.93 | 1.98 | 1.87 | 1.95 | 2.05 | 1.89 | 1.91 | 1.93 | 1.94 | 1.89 | 1.96 | 0.011 | 0.071 |
| 体增重BW gain/(kg/d) | 0.01 | -0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.00 | -0.03 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.008 | 0.974 |
| 料重比F/G | -38.63 | 0.11 | -0.12 | -0.28 | -1.84 | 17.61 | -0.46 | -11.12 | 2.90 | -0.33 | 5.78 | 3.445 | 0.437 |
| 产蛋性能Laying performance | |||||||||||||
| 产蛋率Laying rate/% | 96.67 | 94.44 | 100.00 | 94.44 | 94.44 | 100.00 | 105.56 | 97.22 | 100.00 | 97.22 | 100.00 | 1.058 | 0.509 |
| 平均蛋重Average egg weight/g | 63.66 | 64.19 | 59.72 | 63.84 | 62.95 | 62.83 | 63.65 | 63.24 | 60.58 | 62.33 | 61.92 | 0.468 | 0.618 |
| 料蛋比Feed/egg | 1.90bc | 2.18ab | 2.03bc | 2.22ab | 2.39a | 1.81c | 1.91bc | 2.08abc | 2.00bc | 1.94bc | 2.10abc | 0.036 | 0.036 |
| 蛋沉积能 REegg/[kJ/(只·d)] | 384.58 | 376.21 | 370.10 | 375.37 | 370.31 | 393.68 | 426.10 | 382.52 | 376.63 | 377.47 | 387.57 | 6.330 | 0.842 |
| 产蛋净能 NEegg/[kJ/(g·d)] | 6.03 | 5.87 | 6.18 | 5.86 | 5.84 | 6.26 | 6.70 | 6.06 | 6.22 | 6.04 | 6.24 | 0.082 | 0.604 |
| 呼吸量Respiratory volume | |||||||||||||
| O2消耗量 O2 consumption/[L/ (kg BW0.75·d)] | 40.90 | 43.35 | 42.05 | 45.16 | 46.28 | 41.73 | 44.22 | 43.75 | 41.41 | 42.72 | 43.39 | 0.408 | 0.126 |
| CO2产生量 CO2 production/[L/ (kg BW0.75·d)] | 40.88 | 43.44 | 41.97 | 45.17 | 46.25 | 41.59 | 44.08 | 43.78 | 41.36 | 42.48 | 43.30 | 0.410 | 0.122 |
| 呼吸熵RQ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.001 | 0.905 |
| 氮平衡Nitrogen balance/(g/d) | |||||||||||||
| 氮摄入量Nitrogen intake | 4.19bc | 4.74a | 3.31f | 4.18bc | 4.80a | 3.77de | 4.05cd | 4.31bc | 4.50ab | 3.56ef | 2.89g | 0.077 | 0.001 |
| 氮排出量Nitrogen output | 2.50cd | 3.18ab | 2.70bc | 3.07ab | 3.45a | 2.26cd | 3.23ab | 3.14ab | 3.26ab | 2.71bc | 1.93d | 0.072 | 0.001 |
| 氮沉积量Nitrogen retained | 1.70a | 1.56ab | 0.61d | 1.11bcd | 1.36abc | 1.51ab | 0.83cd | 1.18abc | 1.23abc | 0.85cd | 0.97cd | 0.059 | 0.001 |
表5 不同饲粮对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡能量代谢的影响Table 5 Effects of different diets on energy metabolism of laying hens during peak laying period |
| 项目 Items | 棉籽粕编号Cottonseed meal No. | 基础饲粮 Basal diet | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |||||
| 能量平衡Energy balance/[kJ/(kg BW0.75·d)] | ||||||||||||||
| 总产热量THP | 866.94 | 919.49 | 891.01 | 957.53 | 980.91 | 883.91 | 936.79 | 927.69 | 877.59 | 904.50 | 919.51 | 8.871 | 0.168 | |
| 热増耗HI | 260.97 | 301.24 | 298.83 | 346.53 | 347.74 | 286.92 | 335.88 | 322.84 | 268.31 | 307.89 | 307.36 | 8.600 | 0.445 | |
| 沉积能RE | 282.81 | 355.02 | 325.82 | 400.77 | 448.59 | 277.02 | 373.42 | 286.51 | 326.21 | 282.05 | 388.67 | 13.083 | 0.050 | |
| 蛋白质沉积能REprot | 252.99a | 232.55ab | 91.38d | 165.69bcd | 202.27abc | 224.35ab | 123.17cd | 175.12abc | 183.70abc | 126.43cd | 143.91cd | 9.068 | <0.001 | |
| 脂肪沉积能REfat | 29.82d | 122.47bcd | 234.45ab | 235.08ab | 246.32a | 52.67cd | 250.24a | 111.39cd | 142.52abcd | 155.62abc | 244.76a | 13.830 | <0.001 | |
| 总能摄入量GEI | 1 594.78d | 1 809.43abc | 1 630.49d | 1 875.58ab | 1 963.40a | 1 582.88d | 1 817.05abc | 1 749.31bcd | 1 657.87cd | 1 658.28cd | 1 707.33cd | 20.670 | <0.001 | |
| 表观代谢能摄入量 AMEI | 1 149.76d | 1 274.51bcd | 1 216.83bcd | 1 358.30ab | 1 429.50a | 1 160.93cd | 1 310.21abc | 1 214.19bcd | 1 203.81cd | 1 186.55cd | 1 308.18abc | 16.444 | <0.001 | |
| 净能摄入量NEI | 888.79bc | 973.27abc | 918.00bc | 1 011.77ab | 1 081.75a | 874.01c | 974.33abc | 891.35bc | 935.50bc | 878.66bc | 1 000.82abc | 13.880 | 0.012 | |
| 饲粮有效能Dietary available energy/(MJ/kg DM) | ||||||||||||||
| 表观代谢能AME | 11.01abcd | 10.83cd | 11.17abc | 11.49ab | 11.54ab | 11.25abc | 11.36abc | 10.57d | 10.99bcd | 11.22abc | 11.60a | 0.062 | <0.001 | |
| 氮校正表观代谢能 AMEn | 10.96bcd | 10.77cd | 11.15abc | 11.46ab | 11.50ab | 11.20abc | 11.33abc | 10.53d | 10.95bcd | 11.19abc | 11.56a | 0.062 | <0.001 | |
| 净能NE | 8.48 | 8.28 | 8.43 | 8.56 | 8.74 | 8.46 | 8.46 | 7.76 | 8.54 | 8.31 | 8.85 | 0.073 | 0.167 | |
| 饲粮能量转化效率Dietary energy conversion efficiency/% | ||||||||||||||
| 表观代谢能/总能 AME/GE | 72.40bc | 70.43c | 74.48ab | 72.38bc | 72.87bc | 73.17bc | 72.02bc | 69.37c | 72.61bc | 71.41bc | 76.65a | 0.397 | <0.001 | |
| 净能/表观代谢能 NE/AME | 77.15 | 76.41 | 75.49 | 74.49 | 75.63 | 75.20 | 74.54 | 73.40 | 77.72 | 74.12 | 76.64 | 0.883 | 0.883 | |
2.2 产蛋高峰期蛋鸡对不同棉籽粕的有效能和能量转化效率
表6 产蛋高峰期蛋鸡对不同棉籽粕的有效能和能量转化效率Table 6 Available energy and energy conversion efficiency of different cottonseed meals in laying hens during peak laying period |
| 项目 Items | 棉籽粕编号Cottonseed meal No. | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||||
| 基于干物质基础的棉籽粕有效能Available energy of cottonseed meals on DM basis/(MJ/kg DM) | |||||||||||||
| 表观代谢能AME | 10.61 | 9.66 | 10.63 | 12.28 | 12.34 | 11.18 | 11.79 | 9.11 | 9.38 | 10.99 | 0.328 | 0.306 | |
| 氮校正表观代谢能AMEn | 10.39 | 9.52 | 10.67 | 12.23 | 12.26 | 11.02 | 11.80 | 9.03 | 9.29 | 10.99 | 0.324 | 0.247 | |
| 净能NE | 7.82 | 7.44 | 7.49 | 7.93 | 8.14 | 7.70 | 8.94 | 6.04 | 7.45 | 7.51 | 0.334 | 0.940 | |
| 基于风干基础的棉籽粕有效能Available energy value of cottonseed meals on air-dry basis/(MJ/kg) | |||||||||||||
| 表观代谢能AME | 9.55 | 8.69 | 9.57 | 11.05 | 11.10 | 10.06 | 10.61 | 8.19 | 8.44 | 9.89 | 0.296 | 0.306 | |
| 氮校正表观代谢能AMEn | 9.35 | 8.57 | 9.6 | 11.01 | 11.03 | 9.92 | 10.62 | 8.12 | 8.36 | 9.89 | 0.292 | 0.248 | |
| 净能NE | 7.04 | 6.69 | 6.74 | 7.14 | 7.33 | 6.93 | 8.04 | 5.43 | 6.70 | 6.76 | 0.301 | 0.940 | |
| 能量转化效率Energy conversion efficiency/% | |||||||||||||
| 表观代谢能/总能AME/GE | 58.25 | 53.43 | 59.91 | 67.21 | 66.86 | 61.67 | 63.84 | 53.45 | 49.91 | 60.90 | 1.771 | 0.571 | |
| 净能/表观代谢能NE/AME | 77.56 | 75.55 | 70.22 | 64.90 | 66.64 | 68.18 | 76.00 | 64.63 | 79.46 | 68.74 | 2.414 | 0.915 | |
表7 不同地区棉籽粕有效能和能量转化效率(干物质基础)Table 7 Available energy and energy conversion efficiency of cottonseed meals in different regions (DM basis) |
| 项目 Items | 新疆 Xinjiang (n=4) | 山东 Shandong (n=4) | 河南、河北 Henan, Hebei (n=2) | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 有效能Available energy/(MJ/kg DM) | |||||
| 表观代谢能AME | 10.80 | 10.91 | 10.19 | 0.805 | 0.390 |
| 氮校正表观代谢能AMEn | 10.70 | 10.83 | 10.14 | 0.417 | 0.859 |
| 净能NE | 7.67 | 7.71 | 7.48 | 0.229 | 0.948 |
| 能量转化效率Energy conversion efficiency/% | |||||
| 表观代谢能/总能AME/GE | 59.88 | 60.28 | 55.08 | 2.223 | 0.717 |
| 净能/表观代谢能NE/AME | 72.06 | 68.86 | 74.10 | 1.733 | 0.557 |
2.3 棉籽粕营养成分含量与有效能相关性分析
表8 棉籽粕营养成分含量与有效能相关性分析Table 8 Analysis of correlation between nutrient contents and available energy of cottonseed meals |
| 项目 Items | 粗蛋 白质 CP | 粗脂肪 EE | 粗灰分 Ash | 淀粉 Starch | 粗纤维 CF | 中性洗 涤纤维 NDF | 酸性洗 涤纤维 ADF | 总能 GE | 表观 代谢能 AME | 氮校正表 观代谢能 AMEn | 清蛋白 Albumin | 球蛋白 Globulin | 醇溶 蛋白 Gliadin | 谷蛋白 Glutelin | 净能 NE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 粗蛋白质CP | 1.000 | ||||||||||||||
| 粗脂肪EE | 0.184 | 1.000 | |||||||||||||
| 粗灰分Ash | 0.313 | 0.044 | 1.000 | ||||||||||||
| 淀粉Starch | 0.497 | -0.063 | 0.767** | 1.000 | |||||||||||
| 粗纤维CF | -0.303 | 0.268 | -0.556 | -0.608 | 1.000 | ||||||||||
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | -0.470 | -0.061 | -0.104 | -0.367 | 0.146 | 1.000 | |||||||||
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | -0.548 | -0.038 | -0.738* | -0.777** | 0.808** | 0.276 | 1.000 | ||||||||
| 总能GE | 0.348 | 0.061 | 0.215 | 0.373 | -0.263 | -0.911** | -0.448 | 1.000 | |||||||
| 表观代谢能AME | 0.208 | -0.024 | 0.025 | 0.293 | -0.366 | -0.837** | -0.290 | 0.848** | 1.000 | ||||||
| 氮校正表观代谢能AMEn | 0.185 | -0.039 | 0.016 | 0.287 | -0.335 | -0.833** | -0.254 | 0.834** | 0.998** | 1.000 | |||||
| 清蛋白Albumin | 0.410 | -0.006 | 0.398 | 0.095 | 0.175 | 0.164 | -0.060 | -0.155 | -0.427 | -0.420 | 1.000 | ||||
| 球蛋白Globulin | -0.318 | -0.159 | -0.364 | -0.068 | -0.153 | -0.322 | 0.274 | 0.153 | 0.541 | 0.552 | -0.781** | 1.000 | |||
| 醇溶蛋白Gliadin | -0.060 | 0.098 | -0.477 | -0.723* | 0.508 | 0.009 | 0.470 | 0.020 | -0.203 | -0.216 | 0.296 | -0.230 | 1.000 | ||
| 谷蛋白Glutelin | 0.371 | 0.341 | 0.261 | -0.014 | 0.039 | 0.332 | -0.290 | -0.308 | -0.529 | -0.549 | 0.381 | -0.701* | 0.017 | 1.000 | |
| 净能NE | 0.292 | -0.005 | 0.113 | 0.239 | -0.091 | -0.936** | -0.262 | 0.961** | 0.819** | 0.815** | -0.129 | 0.189 | 0.102 | -0.296 | 1.000 |
*表示显著相关(P<0.05),**表示极显著相关(P<0.01)。 | |
* mean significant correlation (P<0.05), and ** mean extremely significant correlation (P<0.01). The same as below. |
2.4 棉籽粕净能预测模型构建
表9 基于棉籽粕营养成分的有效能线性回归预测方程Table 9 Linear regression prediction equations of available energy based on nutrients of cottonseed meals |
| 编号 No. | 能量 Energy | 预测因子 Predictors | 预测方程 Prediction equations | 决定系数 R2 | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 代谢能 | 常规营养成分 | 表观代谢能=18.085-32.138×中性洗涤纤维 | 0.701 | <0.01 |
| 2 | 析因后营养成分 | 表观代谢能=19.753-30.266×中性洗涤纤维-17.434×清蛋白 | 0.788 | <0.01 | |
| 3 | 净能 | 常规营养成分 | 净能=12.250-20.087×中性洗涤纤维 | 0.876 | <0.01 |
| 4 | 析因后营养成分 | 净能=13.741-22.000×中性洗涤纤维-2.061×粗蛋白质 | 0.904 | <0.01 | |
| 5 | 析因后营养成分 | 净能=16.892-26.273×中性洗涤纤维-4.215×粗蛋白质-5.085×球蛋白 | 0.970 | <0.01 |
表10 基于棉籽粕营养成分体内外结合的净能线性回归预测方程Table 10 Linear regression prediction equations of net energy based on nutrients of cottonseed meals with in vivo and in vitro combination |
| 编号 No. | 预测方程 Prediction equations | 决定系数 R2 | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 净能=2.739+0.458×表观代谢能 | 0.670 | <0.01 |
| 7 | 净能=11.072+0.065×表观代谢能-17.993×中性洗涤纤维 | 0.880 | <0.01 |
| 8 | 净能=10.109+0.178×表观代谢能-15.906×中性洗涤纤维-3.432×球蛋白 | 0.912 | <0.01 |
表11 棉籽粕有效能预测值与实测值比较(干物质基础)Table 11 Comparison of predicted and measured values of available energy of cottonseed meals (DM basis) |
| 项目 Items | 方程Equations | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||
| 实测值Measured value/(MI/kg DM) | 10.72 | 10.72 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.65 | |
| 预测值Predicted value/(MJ/kg DM) | 10.72 | 10.72 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.67 | 7.41 | 7.65 | |
| 差值Difference/(MJ/kg DM) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.24 | 0.01 | |
| 相对标准偏差RSD/% | 3.03 | 2.51 | 1.87 | 1.74 | 0.70 | 1.10 | 2.27 | 1.34 | |

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