1 材料与方法
1.1 动物试验伦理声明
1.2 试验设计
1.3 试验饲粮
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Table l Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (air-dry basis)% |
| 项目 Items | 含量 Content |
|---|---|
| 原料 Ingredients | |
| 玉米 Corn | 63.20 |
| 豆粕 Soybean meal | 23.10 |
| 稻壳 Rice hull | 6.45 |
| 食盐 NaCl | 0.30 |
| 石粉 Limestone | 4.75 |
| 磷酸氢钙 CaHPO4 | 0.95 |
| DL-蛋氨酸 DL-Met | 0.25 |
| 预混料 Premix1) | 1.00 |
| 合计 Total | 100.00 |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | |
| 代谢能 ME/(MJ/kg) | 11.07 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 15.16 |
| 粗纤维 CF | 5.22 |
| 钙 Ca | 2.10 |
| 总磷 TP | 0.55 |
| 蛋氨酸 Met | 0.48 |
| 赖氨酸 Lys | 0.76 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kilogram of the diet:VA 9 000 IU,VD3 2 000 IU,VE 36 IU,VK 2.25 mg,VB1 2.2 mg,VB2 9.75 mg,VB6 3.75 mg,VB12 27.5 μg,VB3 37.5 mg,叶酸 folic acid 1.4 mg,泛酸 pantothenic acid 15 mg,生物素 biotin 95 μg,氯化胆碱 choline chloride 550 mg,Fe 80 mg,Mn 100 mg,Zn 100 mg,Se 0.3 mg,Cu 5 mg,I 1.25 mg。 | |
2)粗蛋白质、粗纤维、钙和总磷为实测值,其他为计算值。CP, CF, Ca and TP were measured values, while the others were calculated values. |
1.4 饲养管理
1.5 采集样品和指标测定
1.5.1 繁殖性能
1.5.2 卵巢功能
1.5.3 血清激素含量
1.5.4 抗氧化能力
1.6 数据统计分析
2 结果
2.1 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅繁殖性能的影响
表2 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅繁殖性能的影响Table 2 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on reproductive performance of breeding geese |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 产蛋率 Laying rate/% | 29.90±2.07b | 29.22±2.07b | 29.61±0.66b | 33.65±1.54a | 27.29±1.80b | <0.001 | 0.721 | 0.007 | ||
| 种蛋受精率 Fertilization rate of breeding eggs/% | 92.47±4.93 | 93.82±3.42 | 91.33±2.82 | 92.69±4.45 | 91.74±5.21 | |||||
| arcsin(种蛋受精率1/2) arcsin (fertilization rate of breeding eggs1/2) | 1.21±0.05 | 1.26±0.03 | 1.18±0.03 | 1.20±0.05 | 1.18±0.05 | 0.921 | 0.747 | 0.999 | ||
| 入孵蛋孵化率 Hatching rate of hatched eggs/% | 76.37±5.21 | 79.14±1.71 | 78.67±6.37 | 81.08±7.83 | 81.18±6.45 | |||||
| arcsin(入孵蛋孵化率1/2) arcsin (hatching rate of hatched eggs1/2) | 0.89±0.05 | 0.93±0.02 | 0.90±0.06 | 0.93±0.08 | 0.93±0.07 | 0.766 | 0.225 | 0.846 | ||
同行数据肩标相同字母或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with the same letter or no letter superscripts indicated no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different letter superscripts indicated significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅卵巢发育的影响
表3 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅卵巢发育的影响Table 3 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on ovary development of breeding geese |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 输卵管长度指数 Oviductal length index/% | 1.10±0.19 | 1.27±0.11 | 1.34±0.24 | 1.12±0.24 | 1.11±0.22 | 0.173 | 0.628 | 0.048 | ||
| 输卵管重量指数 Oviductal weight index/% | 2.17±0.18ab | 1.92±0.14b | 1.97±0.35ab | 2.38±0.26a | 2.27±0.32ab | 0.026 | 0.061 | 0.136 | ||
| 卵巢指数 Ovary index/% | 0.30±0.04b | 0.39±0.07b | 0.52±0.08a | 0.38±0.08b | 0.35±0.08b | <0.001 | 0.450 | <0.001 | ||
| 卵巢重量 Ovary weight/g | 83.07±4.24 | 88.53±7.41 | 85.61±3.70 | 91.10±9.27 | 81.01±5.81 | 0.077 | 0.853 | 0.029 | ||
2.3 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅卵泡发育的影响
表4 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅卵泡发育的影响Table 4 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on follicular development of breeding geese个 |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 小白卵泡 SWF | 31.83±3.13d | 38.50±3.89bc | 43.33±1.86ab | 46.17±3.31a | 34.67±4.63cd | <0.001 | 0.007 | <0.001 | ||
| 大白卵泡 LWF | 11.33±1.33 | 11.17±1.60 | 12.47±1.33 | 12.83±1.27 | 10.72±1.28 | 0.060 | 0.808 | 0.029 | ||
| 小黄卵泡 SYF | 9.53±1.15b | 10.42±1.28ab | 10.83±1.17ab | 11.58±1.31a | 9.68±0.87ab | 0.032 | 0.339 | 0.007 | ||
| 大黄卵泡 LYF | 4.75±0.42a | 5.00±0.63a | 5.50±0.55a | 6.17±0.41a | 4.17±0.41b | <0.001 | 1.000 | <0.001 | ||
| 等级卵泡 GF | 3.83±1.47 | 3.67±1.37 | 4.33±1.21 | 5.17±1.17 | 4.50±1.22 | 0.310 | 0.102 | 0.677 | ||
2.4 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅血清激素含量的影响
表5 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅血清激素含量的影响Table 5 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on serum hormone contents of breeding geese |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 雌二醇 E2/(pg/mL) | 139.42±8.38b | 163.51±17.43a | 164.70±12.86a | 169.12±11.97a | 164.71±12.58a | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.006 | ||
| 促黄体素 LH/(mIU/mL) | 5.76±1.18d | 10.07±0.92bc | 11.67±0.88ab | 12.65±1.98a | 8.15±1.24c | <0.001 | 0.225 | <0.001 | ||
| 促卵泡素 FSH/(mIU/mL) | 3.25±1.00d | 7.11±0.50b | 7.98±0.65b | 9.48±0.36a | 4.67±0.68c | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| 促肾上腺皮质激素 ACTH/(pg/mL) | 49.85±4.24b | 63.37±3.96a | 64.64±2.44a | 66.07±2.19a | 51.60±2.06b | <0.001 | 0.106 | 0.001 | ||
| 抗缪勒管激素 AMH/(pg/mL) | 3 141.85±181.52b | 3 292.89±122.96ab | 3 308.35±137.1ab | 3 508.36±242.51a | 3 445.75±158.78a | 0.004 | <0.001 | 0.331 | ||
| 胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ IGF-Ⅰ/(ng/mL) | 115.73±2.53b | 136.52±3.56a | 144.75±3.75a | 121.98±10.02b | 118.90±4.83b | <0.001 | 0.230 | <0.001 | ||
| 孕酮 P4/(ng/mL) | 5.16±0.38c | 5.39±0.26bc | 5.56±0.32ab | 5.83±0.03a | 5.62±0.07ab | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.038 | ||
2.5 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅卵巢抗氧化指标的影响
表6 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅卵巢抗氧化指标的影响Table 6 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on ovarian antioxidant indices of breeding geese |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/(U/mL) | 14.45±1.38d | 15.69±2.39cd | 17.86±0.99bc | 24.39±1.40a | 20.07±1.84b | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.014 | ||
| 丙二醛 MDA/(ng/mL) | 144.08±12.02a | 127.50±6.72ab | 129.51±12.60ab | 122.35±11.07b | 144.89±10.28a | 0.003 | 0.801 | <0.001 | ||
| 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U/mL) | 118.61±8.86b | 123.34±10.45b | 132.23±13.77b | 160.73±4.80a | 158.59±5.30a | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.681 | ||
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 234.29±7.68b | 239.47±13.89ab | 240.02±21.69ab | 262.25±11.31a | 245.69±16.55ab | 0.033 | 0.027 | 0.250 | ||
| 过氧化氢酶 CAT/(U/mL) | 49.58±0.70b | 52.71±3.15b | 52.95±3.06b | 59.02±4.84a | 59.13±2.65a | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.964 | ||
2.6 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅输卵管膨大部抗氧化指标的影响
表7 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅输卵管膨大部抗氧化指标的影响Table 7 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on oviductal magnum antioxidant indices of breeding geese |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/(U/mL) | 21.58±2.41 | 20.43±1.60 | 18.61±3.00 | 21.16±3.49 | 19.61±2.12 | 0.309 | 0.349 | 0.377 | ||
| 丙二醛 MDA/(ng/mL) | 121.83±4.40a | 120.43±6.57ab | 123.27±6.14a | 113.05±2.44b | 122.32±2.35a | 0.007 | 0.304 | 0.263 | ||
| 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U/mL) | 127.49±11.93 | 144.82±21.67 | 137.36±9.66 | 148.28±15.52 | 147.18±8.45 | 0.095 | 0.028 | 0.405 | ||
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 213.42±22.96c | 208.90±15.82c | 223.32±28.27bc | 250.51±16.90ab | 272.10±15.77a | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.049 | ||
| 过氧化氢酶 CAT/(U/mL) | 49.58±0.70 | 52.71±3.15 | 51.65±3.00 | 53.43±3.17 | 52.63±3.04 | 0.175 | 0.069 | 0.248 | ||
2.7 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅肝脏抗氧化指标的影响
表8 饲粮添加不同水平SIF对种鹅肝脏抗氧化指标的影响Table 8 Effects of different dietary supplemental levels of SIF on liver antioxidant indices of breeding geese |
| 项目 Items | SIF添加水平 SIF supplemental level/(mg/kg) | P值 P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(对照 Control) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 处理 Treatment | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
| 总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/(U/mL) | 19.72±1.27b | 20.17±2.31b | 20.38±1.82b | 23.33±1.77a | 22.14±0.99ab | 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.836 | ||
| 丙二醛 MDA/(ng/mL) | 175.25±16.07 | 175.25±6.80 | 171.45±15.23 | 162.83±15.77 | 176.46±10.93 | 0.408 | 0.570 | 0.285 | ||
| 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U/mL) | 182.47±12.04ab | 198.57±19.75a | 171.05±10.25b | 188.48±10.28ab | 185.71±17.38ab | 0.045 | 0.849 | 0.747 | ||
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 247.84±11.30ab | 220.73±17.54b | 249.83±5.39ab | 269.34±23.47a | 268.43±24.77a | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.133 | ||
| 过氧化氢酶 CAT/(U/mL) | 56.17±4.43 | 59.86±4.20 | 53.95±0.92 | 58.38±4.44 | 55.06±3.12 | 0.061 | 0.443 | 0.518 | ||

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