1 材料与方法
1.1 试验设计
1.2 试验饲粮
表1 试验饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets (air-dry basis) |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| NP | LP50 | LP30 | |
| 原料 Ingredients/(kg/d) | |||
| 精料 Concentrate | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.00 |
| 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 0.50 | 0.10 | |
| 棉籽壳 Cottonseed hull | 1.10 | 1.40 | 1.30 |
| 稻秆 Rice straw | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.90 |
| 合计 Total | 3.20 | 3.20 | 3.20 |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels | |||
| 消化能 DE/(MJ/kg) | 34.40 | 33.95 | 32.99 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP/% | 14.20 | 7.19 | 4.47 |
| 粗纤维 CF/% | 28.55 | 30.91 | 35.10 |
| 钙 Ca/% | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.55 |
| 磷 P/% | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.33 |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品采集
1.5 指标测定
1.6 数据统计分析
2 结果
2.1 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各组食毛马鹿数量及天数比较
表2 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各组食毛马鹿数量及天数比较Table 2 Comparison of number of wool-eating disorder wapitis and day in each group when wool-eating area reached 40% and 60% |
| 组别 Groups | 试验马鹿数 Number of experimental disorder wapiti/ 只 | 食毛面积40% Wool-eating area 40% | 食毛面积60% Wool-eating area 60% | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 食毛马鹿数量 Number of wool-eating disorder wapiti/只 | 天数 Day/d | 食毛马鹿数量 Number of wool-eating disorder wapiti/只 | 天数 Day/d | |||
| NP | 6 | 0 | 未出现 | 0 | 未出现 | |
| LP50 | 6 | 6 | 61.0±3.0a | 6 | 84.0±3.0a | |
| LP30 | 6 | 6 | 40.5±2.5b | 6 | 71.0±1.5b | |
同列数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。 | |
In the same column, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), while with the same or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05). |
2.2 毛面积达到40%和60%时各组食毛马鹿瘤胃内环境参数比较
表3 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各组食毛马鹿瘤胃内环境参数比较Table 3 Comparison of rumen internal environmental parameters of wool-eating disorder wapitis in each group when wool-eating area reached 40% and 60% |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NP | LP50 | LP30 | ||
| pH | 6.27±0.19 | 6.19±0.22 | 6.23±0.31 | 0.847 |
| 氨态氮 NH3-N/(mg/dL) | 15.89±0.51a | 6.91±0.69b | 4.99±0.54c | <0.001 |
| 微生物蛋白 MCP/(mg/dL) | 88.44±6.82a | 26.65±0.95b | 15.55±1.88c | <0.001 |
| 乙酸 Acetic acid/(mmol/L) | 49.19±1.21a | 36.07±1.09b | 34.92±1.32b | <0.001 |
| 丙酸 Propionic acid/(mmol/L) | 29.24±2.00a | 24.25±2.41b | 25.23±2.51b | 0.014 |
| 丁酸 Butyric acid/(mmol/L) | 22.47±1.90a | 18.85±2.00b | 16.45±2.18c | 0.002 |
| 总挥发性脂肪酸 TVFA/(mmol/L) | 100.91±1.88a | 79.17±1.99b | 76.59±1.99c | <0.001 |
同行数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), while with the same or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05). The same as below. |
2.3 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各组食毛马鹿血清生化指标比较
表4 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各试验组食毛马鹿血清生化指标比较Table 4 Comparison of serum biochemical indexes of wool-eating disorder wapitis in each group when wool-eating area reached 40% and 60% |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NP | LP50 | LP30 | ||
| 尿素氮 UN/(mmol/L) | 8.11±1.25a | 5.92±2.99b | 3.12±2.58c | 0.009 |
| 总蛋白 TP/(g/L) | 71.44±7.54a | 64.56±5.22ab | 55.27±8.98b | 0.011 |
| 葡萄糖 GLU/(mmol/L) | 3.55±0.21 | 3.74±0.33 | 3.91±0.29 | 0.124 |
2.4 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各组食毛马鹿血清和背毛微量元素含量比较
2.4.1 背毛微量元素含量比较
表5 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各试验组食毛马鹿背毛微量元素含量比较Table 5 Comparison of contents of trace element in back hair of wool-eating disorder wapitis in each group when wool-eating area reached 40% and 60%μg/g |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NP | LP50 | LP30 | ||
| 锰 Mn | 5.21±0.41a | 4.42±0.10b | 3.51±0.13c | <0.001 |
| 铜 Cu | 2.44±0.21c | 2.87±0.16b | 2.99±0.17a | <0.001 |
| 锌 Zn | 5.84±0.59c | 6.63±0.41b | 6.70±0.25a | 0.002 |
| 钴 Co | 0.89±0.11 | 0.99±0.17 | 1.07±0.20 | 0.204 |
| 硒 Se | 0.19±0.05 | 0.22±0.09 | 0.24±0.05 | 0.433 |
2.4.2 血清微量元素含量比较
表6 食毛面积达到40%和60%时各试验组食毛马鹿血清微量元素含量比较Table 6 Comparison of contents of trace element in serum of wool-eating disorder wapitis in each group when wool-eating area reached 40% and 60%μg/L |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NP | LP50 | LP30 | ||
| 锰 Mn | 10.48±1.37 | 10.53±1.53 | 10.51±1.44 | 0.998 |
| 铜 Cu | 681.23±32.31c | 798.47±42.70b | 932.18±42.02a | <0.001 |
| 锌 Zn | 602.47±23.61c | 710.33±39.17b | 828.65±38.53a | <0.001 |
| 钴 Co | 0.47±0.06 | 0.48±0.08 | 0.47±0.057 | 0.957 |
| 硒 Se | 41.58±4.89 | 42.13±4.94 | 41.79±4.99 | 0.981 |

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