乳酸杆菌为应用最早、研究最多的益生菌种之一。乳酸杆菌通过表面分子对肠道形成黏附和定植而发挥生理作用，包括养分消化吸收、排斥病原菌和调节免疫等。本文就乳酸杆菌表面蛋白（S层蛋白、引物酶sortase依赖蛋白、黏膜结合蛋白和胞外间质黏附的调节性表面蛋白）和非蛋白类黏附相关因子（脂磷壁酸和细胞外多糖）结构及其在黏附中作用的研究进展进行综述。

Lactobacilli, identified as one of the most common members of intestinal microbiota, have been applied and studied considerably. They are often considered as probiotics for animal or human. The Lactobacilli play an important physiological role in the host throug179h adherence and colonization in the intestinal tract, including digestion and absorption of nutrients, protection against pathogen colonization and immune modulation. This article has reviewed the cell surface architecture and adherence mechanism of Lactobacilli in the host. The cell surface proteins such as surface layer protein (S-layer protein), sortase-dependent proteins (SDPs), mucus-binding proteins and mediating proteins adhesion to extracellular matrices, as well as teichoic acids and exopolysaccharides were discussed in this article.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition，2011，23（2）：179-186］