本试验旨在研究发酵芝麻粕替代豆粕对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响。试验选用15日龄樱桃谷SM3肉鸭3 382只,随机分为4组,对照组4个重复,试验1、2、3组各5个重复,每个重复单圈饲养,每个圈178只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组饲粮用发酵芝麻粕等营养替代对照组饲粮中的8%豆粕,试验2和3组分别用发酵芝麻粕等比例替代对照组饲粮中的4%和8%豆粕,试验期30 d。结果表明:1)各组鸭的平均日增重、料增重比差异都不显著(P>0.05);试验1和3组屠宰率比对照组分别提高了3.03%(P<0.01)和3.27%(P<0.01);试验1、2和3组半净膛率比对照组分别提高了3.95%(P<0.01)、2.73%(P<0.05)、和3.98%(P<0.01);试验1、2和3组全净膛率比对照组分别提高了3.81%(P<0.05)、3.09%(P>0.05)、和4.71%(P<0.01);试验1、2和3组胸肌率比对照组分别提高了22.14%(P<0.01)、20.44%(P<0.01)和22.79%(P<0.01)。2)试验1、2和3组鸡胸肌蒸煮损失和失水率均低于对照组(P>0.05)。3)各组胸肌水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和多种氨基酸含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)各组鸭血清总蛋白、尿素氮含量和谷草转氨酶活性差异都不显著(P>0.05);试验1、2和3组鸭血清谷丙转氨酶活性比对照组分别提高了55.29%(P<0.01)、21.19%(P>0.05)和30.33%(P>0.05)。由此可见,鸭饲粮中用4%~8%发酵芝麻粕替代豆粕是可行的。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean meal replaced by fermented sesame meal on growth performance, meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of meat ducks. A total of 3 382 Cherry Valley SM3 ducks at 15 days of age were randomly allotted into 4 groups, the control group had 4 replicates and trial groups 1, 2 and 3 had 5 replicates. Each replicate fed in a pen and each pen had 178 ducks. The ducks in control group were fed a basal diet, and the ducks in trial group 1 were fed the basal diet with the fermented sesame meal equal-nutritionally replacing the soybean meal of 8%, and the ducks in trial groups 2 and 3 were fed the basal diet with the fermented sesame meal equal proportionally replacing the soybean meal of 4% and 8%, respectively. The experiment lasted for 30 days. The results showed as follows: 1) there was no significant difference in average daily gain and feed to gain ratio among all groups (P>0.05). Compared with control group, the dressing percentage in trial groups 1 and 3 was significantly increased by 3.03% (P<0.01) and 3.27% (P<0.01), and the percentage of half eviscerate yield in trial groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly increased by 3.95% (P<0.01), 2.73% (P<0.05) and 3.98% (P<0.01), the percentage of eviscerate yield in trial groups 1, 2 and 3 was increased by 3.81% (P<0.05), 3.09% (P>0.05) and 4.71% (P<0.01), the percentage of breast muscle in trial groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly increased by 22.14% (P<0.01), 20.44% (P<0.01) and 22.79% (P<0.01), respectively. 2) The cooking loss and water loss rate in trial groups 1, 2 and 3 were lower than those in control group (P>0.05). 3) There was no significant difference in the contents of moisture, crude protein, ether extract and some amino acids in breast muscle among all groups (P>0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in the contents of total protein, urinary nitrogen, and the activity of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in serum among all groups (P>0.05); compared with control group, the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in trial groups 1, 2 and 3 was increased by 55.29% (P<0.01), 21.19% (P>0.05) and 30.33% (P>0.05). It is concluded that it would be feasible to replace the soybean meal with 4% to 8% fermented sesame meal in ducks' diet.