动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 2402 - 2410

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.046

研究简报 Short communications

开食料中不同中性洗涤纤维水平对犊牛屠宰性能、器官指数及复胃发育的影响

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  • 1. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070;
    2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点试验室, 北京 100081;
    3. 奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081;
    4. 山东银香伟业集团有限公司, 菏泽 274400
任春燕(1985-),女,甘肃天祝人,博士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:renyaya86@126.com

收稿日期: 2017-11-16

  网络出版日期: 2018-06-20

基金资助

国家重点研发计划"幼龄反刍动物消化道微生物演替与肠道发育调控"（2017YFD0500502）

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Effects of Starters with Different Neutral Detergent Fiber Levels on Slaughter Traits, Organ Indexes and Development of Stomachus Compositus of Dairy Calves

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    3. Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing 100081, China;
    4. Shandong Yinxiangweiye Group Co., Ltd., Heze 274400, China

Received date: 2017-11-16

  Online published: 2018-06-20

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摘要

本试验旨在探索开食料中不同中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平对犊牛屠宰性能、器官指数及复胃发育的影响。选用初生重[（42.0±2.5）kg]相近、饲喂足量初乳的1~3日龄中国荷斯坦犊牛60头（其中公犊牛36头、母犊牛24头），随机分为4组，每组9头公犊牛、6头母犊牛，70日龄断奶。15日龄开始A、B、C和D组饲喂NDF水平实测值分别为12.85%、19.91%、26.99%和34.04%的开食料。试验期112 d。结果表明：B组犊牛体增重显著高于C和D组（P<0.05）；B组屠宰率和净肉率显著高于D组（P<0.05），胴体重、肉骨比、胴体出肉率也高于其他3组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；从复胃发育来看，B组瘤胃重占复胃总重比例和网胃重占复胃总重比例显著高于D组（P<0.05），D组瓣胃重占复胃总重比例显著高于A（P<0.05）；A和B组瘤胃中pH显著高于C和D组（P<0.05）。在本试验条件下，15~112日龄犊牛开食料中NDF水平为19.91%时，有助于提高犊牛体增重和屠宰性能，促进内脏器官及胃肠道的发育。

关键词： 荷斯坦犊牛; 中性洗涤纤维水平; 开食料; 采食量; 屠宰性能; 器官指数; 复胃发育

本文引用格式

任春燕, 毕研亮, 杜汉昌, 于博, 屠焰, 郭艳丽, 刁其玉 . 开食料中不同中性洗涤纤维水平对犊牛屠宰性能、器官指数及复胃发育的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(6) : 2402 -2410 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.046

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of starters with different neutral detergent fiber (NDF) levels on slaughter traits, organ indexes and development of stomachus compositus of dairy calves. Sixty newborn dairy calves (24 females and 36 males) with similar birth weight[(42.0±2.5) kg] and enough colostrum supplemented were randomly assigned to four groups with 9 male and 6 female calves each group. All calves were weaned at 70 days of age. Groups A, B, C, and D were fed one of the four starters with NDF levels (measured values) of 12.85%, 19.91%, 26.99%, and 34.04%, respectively. The experiment lasted for 112 days. The results showed as follows:body weight gain in group B was significantly higher than those in groups C and D (P<0.05). Dressing percentage and net meat rate in group B were significantly higher than those in group D (P<0.05). Group B also had higher carcass weight, ratio of meat to bone and meat percentage of carcass compared with the other three groups, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05); about the development of stomachus compositus, rumen weight percentage of stomachus compositus total weight and reticulum weight percentage of stomachus compositus total weight were significantly higher in group B than in group D (P<0.05), while omasum weight percentage of stomachus compositus total weight was significantly higher in group D than in group A (P<0.05); groups A and B had significantly higher pH in rumen compared with groups C and D (P<0.05). In conclusion, starter with 19.91% NDF for dairy calves at 15 to 112 days of age can improve the body weight gain, slaughter traits, and promote the development of organs and gastrointestinal tracts.

Key words： dairy calf; neutral detergent fiber level; starter; feed intake; slaughter trait; organ index; stomach development of stomachus compositus

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