This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermented liquid cereal grain feed on growth performance and intestinal microbial flora diversity of early-weaned piglets. One hundred and forty-four Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire piglets were weaned at (14±2) days of age and allotted into two dietary groups in a completely randomized block design with 6 replicates in each group and 12 pigs in each replicate. The two dietary groups (all non-heated and non-pelleted diets) were dry meal diet (DRY) and fermented liquid cereal grain feed (FLG). The trial lasted for 28 days. When the trial was over, 3 piglets from each replicate were selected for collection of feces samples at anus. The 3 feces samples from the same replicate were mixed for extraction of genomic DNA and 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE analysis of microbial flora. The results indicated that piglets fed FLG had significantly higher average daily feed intake (22.63%, P<0.01) and better average daily weight gain (13.50%, P<0.05) than piglets fed DRY. The lanes in DGGE gel electrophoresis images were completely divided into two clusters corresponding to treatments by UPGMA analysis. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (P<0.01), Pielou’s evenness index (P=0.06) and richness index (P<0.05) were all increased significantly while Simpson dominance index (P<0.01) was decreased significantly in feces sample from FLG-fed piglets compared to DRY-fed piglets. The results suggest that FLG can facilitate early-weaned piglets to restructure a highly diverse and balanced bacterial community structure in hindgut, and to enhance growth performance.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（6）:1650-1657］