This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different fat sources on growth performance and lipid metabolism in weaned piglets. According to a single factorial arrangement, a total of 48 weaned piglets（Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire ） were assigned to three groups with 16 (male∶female was 1∶1) replicates in each group and 1 piglet in each replicate. Piglets in 3 groups were fed diets supplemented with 10% coconut oil, 10% fish oil or 10% lard, respectively. The experiment consisted of two stages and lasted for 28 d. On day 21, all piglets were weighed and blood samples were collected. Then six piglets (male∶female was 1∶1) with similar weight to the average body weight of each group were selected from every group for the second stage. Growth performance of piglets during day 1 to 21 and day 22 to 28 were measured; lipid and glucose metabolism indices were determined on day 21 and 28. Results showed that piglets fed diet supplemented with 10% coconut oil had higher average daily gain (ADG) (P<0.01) and lower feed to gain ratio (F/G) during day 1 to 21 (P<0.01). Compared with the 10% fish oil supplementation group, 10% coconut oil supplementation significantly increased ADG of piglets during day 22 to 28 (P<0.05). Piglets in the 10% fish oil group had lower triglyceride (P<0.01, P<0.01), total cholesterol (P<0.01, P<0.05) and glucose (P<0.05, P<0.01) contents in serum on day 21 and day 28, and had lower glycagon content in serum on day 21 (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with coconut oil, lard supplementation increased free fatty acid concentration in serum (P<0.05). The activity of pancreas lipase (P<0.05, P<0.05) and expression of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) mRNA in jejunum (P<0.05, P<0.01) were higher in the fish oil and lard groups than those in the coconut oil group, and expression of FABP2 mRNA in the lard group was significantly higher than that in the fish oil group (P<0.05). These results suggest that the effects of coconut oil on growth performance are better than those of fish oil and lard. Additionally, fish oil supplementation decreases lipid and glucose levels in serum of piglets, and fish oil and lard supplementation promote the fat absorption by increasing activity of pancreas lipase and expression of FABP2 mRNA of piglets.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011, 23（9）：1466 -1474］
LIU Zhongchen,CHEN Daiwen,YU Bing,LV Mei,MAO Xiangbing,HAN Guoquan,CHEN Hong,MAO Qian
.
Effect of Different Fat Sources on Growth Performance and Lipid Metabolism in Weaned Piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2011
, 23(09)
: 1466
-1474
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.09.003
［1］CHWALIBOG A, JAKOBSEN K, THORBEK G. Loss of body fat in piglets in spite of gain in live weight[J]. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 1994, 72:80-85.
[2]WISEMAN J, COLE D J A, HARDY B. The dietary energy values of soya-bean oil, tallow and their blends for growing/finishing pigs[J]. Animal Production, 1990, 50(3):513-518.
[3]CERA K R, MAHAN D C, REINHART G A. Apparent fat digestibilities and performance responses of postweaning swine fed diets supplemented with coconut oil, corn oil or tallow[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 1989, 67(8):2040-2047.
[4]欧阳庆.动物生理学[M].北京：科技出版社，2006：171.
[5]刘元述,戴德渊.椰子油在猪日粮中的应用探讨[J].饲料工业,2010,31(13):50-52.
[6]冷董碧.不同脂肪来源对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.长沙：湖南农业大学，2007.
[7]FREEMAN C P. Properties of fatty acids in dispersions of emulsified lipid and bile salt and the significance of these properties in fat absorption in the pig and the sheep[J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 1969, 23(2):249-263.
[8]HAUG A, HOSTMARK A T. Lipoprotein lipases, lipoproteins and tissue lipids in rats fed fish oil or coconut oil[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 1987, 117(6):1011-1017.
[9]FAEH D, MINEHIRA K, SCHWARZ J M, et al. Effect of fructose overfeeding and fish oil administration on hepatic de novo lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in healthy men[J]. Diabetes, 2005, 54(7):1907-1913.
[10]JUMP D B, CLARKE S D. Regulation of gene expression by dietary fat[J]. Annual Review of Nutrition, 1999, 19:63-90.
[11]CHEEMA S K, AGELLON L B. Metabolism of cholesterol is altered in the liver of C3H mice fed fats enriched with different C-18 fatty acids[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 1999, 129(9):1718-1724.
[12]HILL J O, PETERS J C, LIN D, et al. Lipid accumulation and body fat distribution is influenced by type of dietary fat fed to rats[J]. International Journal of Obesity Related Metabolism Disorders, 1993, 17(4):223-236.
[13]邹芳,余冰,何军,等.不同脂肪来源日粮对大鼠生长及餐后糖脂代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(5):769-776.
[14]PIGHIN D, KARABATAS L, ROSSI A, et al. Fish oil affects pancreatic fat storage, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and insulin secretion in rats fed a sucrose-rich diet[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 133(12):4095-4101.
[15]STORLIEN L H, JENKINS A B, CHISHOLM D J, et al. Influence of dietary fat composition on development of insulin resistance in rats. Relationship to muscle triglyceride and omega-3 fatty acids in muscle phospholipid[J]. Diabetes, 1991, 40(2):280-289.
[16]HEDEMANN M S, PEDERSEN A R, ENGBERG R M. Exocrine pancreatic secretion is stimulated in piglets fed fish oil compared with those fed coconut oil or lard[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2001, 131(12):3222-3226.
[17]GUTMAN R A, BASILICO M Z, BERNAL C A, et al. Long-term hypertriglyceridemia and glucose intolerance in rats fed chronically an isocaloric sucrose-rich diet[J]. Metabolism, 1987, 36(11):1013-1020.
[18]LOMBARDO Y B, DRAGO S, CHICCO A, et al. Long-term administration of a sucrose-rich diet to normal rats: relationship between metabolic and hormonal profiles and morphological changes in the endocrine pancreas[J]. Metabolism, 1996, 45(12):1527-1532.
[19]CHICCO A, BASABE J C, KARABATAS L, et al. Troglitazone (CS-045) normalizes hypertriglyceridemia and restores the altered patterns of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in dyslipidemic rats[J]. Metabolism, 2000, 49(10):1346-1351.
[20]SARAUX B, GIRARD-GLOBA A, OUAGUED M, et al. Response of the exocrine pancreas to quantitative and qualitative variations in dietary lipids[J]. American Journal of Physiology, 1982, 243(1):G10-G15.
[21]VAN VELDHOVEN P P, SWINNEN J V, ESQUENET M, et al. Lipase-based quantitation of triacylglycerols in cellular lipid extracts: requirement for presence of detergent and prior separation by thin-layer chromatography[J]. Lipids, 1997, 32(12):1297-1300.
[22]MURPHY E J. L-FABP and I-FABP expression increase NBD-stearate uptake and cytoplasmic diffusion in L cells[J]. American Journal of Physiology, 1998, 275(2):G244-G249.
[23]MEUNIER-DURMORT C, POIRIER H, NIOT I, et al. Up-regulation of the expression of the gene for liver fatty acid-binding protein by long-chain fatty acids[J]. Biochemical Journal, 1996, 319:483-487.
[24]BESNARD P, NIOT I, POIRIER H, et al. New insights into the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family in the small intestine[J]. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2002, 239(1/2):139-147.
[25]颜士禄,张铁鹰,刘强.脂肪酸的吸收与脂肪酸结合蛋白[J].饲料工业,2008,29(17):17-21.
[26]LEVY E, MENARD D, DELVIN E, et al. Localization, function and regulation of the two intestinal fatty acid-binding protein types[J]. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 2009, 132(3):351-367.
[27]PUSKAS L G, BERECZKI E, SANTHA M, et al. Cholesterol and cholesterol plus DHA diet-induced gene expression and fatty acid changes in mouse eye and brain[J]. Biochimie, 2004, 86(11):817-824.
[28]GUILMEAU S, NIOT I, LAIGNEAU J P, et al. Decreased expression of intestinal I- and L-FABP levels in rare human genetic lipid malabsorption syndromes[J]. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 2007, 128(2):115-123.
