Dietary Crude Protein Levels Affect Milk Production, Nitrogen Utilization and Blood Hormones of Chinese Holstein Dairy Cows

WANG Xingling; LIU Chunlin; ZHAO Hongbo; YOU Wei; CHENG Haijian

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.04.012

2012 , Vol. 24 >Issue 4: 669 - 680

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.04.012

Dietary Crude Protein Levels Affect Milk Production, Nitrogen Utilization and Blood Hormones of Chinese Holstein Dairy Cows

WANG Xingling ,
LIU Chunlin ,
ZHAO Hongbo ,
YOU Wei ,
CHENG Haijian

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1. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Jinan 250031, China

Received date: 2011-10-25

Online published: 2012-03-30

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein levels on milk production, nitrogen utilization and blood hormones of Chinese Holstein dairy cows. Eight multiparous Chinese Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design and the crude protein (CP) levels of four diets were 12.56%, 13.96%, 15.53% and 16.93%, respectively. Each lactating cow had 4 experimental periods and each period had a 14-d adaptation, following by a 4-d total faecal and urine collection period. Milk yield, milk composition and dry matter intake (DMI) were measured in the 4 d. Blood samples were taken in the last day of the collection period. The results showed that milk and energy-corrected milk (ECM) production of cows fed 12.56% CP diet were much lower than those of cows fed the other three diets (P<0.05). Milk and ECM production of cows fed 13.96% CP diet and 16.93% CP diet were similar, and their milk production were 28.18 and 28.72 kg/d and ECM were 32.64 and 32.04 kg/d (P>0.05). Milk protein percentage was improved with dietary CP content increased (P<0.05), but the other milk components were not affected (P>0.05). Milk nitrogen efficiency of cows fed 12.56% CP diet and 13.96% CP diet was higher than that of cows fed 15.53% CP diet and 16.93% CP diet (P<0.05, P<0.01). The higher dietary CP levels increased urinary nitrogen excretion, milk nitrogen secretion and nitrogen retention (P<0.05, P<0.01), and only 16.93% CP diet increased fecal nitrogen excretion (P<0.05). The blood leptin concentration of 12.56% CP diet was highest (P<0.05), and 12.56% CP diet had higher concentrations of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) numerically. On the contrary, the plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) concentration of 16.93% CP diet was the highest (P<0.01), and the concentrations of insulin, GH were increased and the IGF-1 concentration was decreased. It is concluded that the diet containing 13.96% CP is sufficient for the milk performance, nitrogen utilization and endocrine regulation in Chinese Holstein cows producing 28 kg/d milk or 32 kg/d ECM.

Key words： dietary protein content; dairy cows; milk production; nitrogen utilization; blood hormones

Cite this article

WANG Xingling , LIU Chunlin , ZHAO Hongbo , YOU Wei , CHENG Haijian . Dietary Crude Protein Levels Affect Milk Production, Nitrogen Utilization and Blood Hormones of Chinese Holstein Dairy Cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012 , 24(4) : 669 -680 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.04.012

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