[1] 冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:5-8.
[2] WALLMANN J,GOOSSENS L,HARTMANN K,et al.Results of an interlaboratory test on antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria from animals by broth microdilution[J].International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents,2006,27(6):482-490.
[3] BYARUGABA D K,BACH A,ANIMUT G,et al.A view on antimicrobial resistance in developing countries and responsible risk factors[J].International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents,2004,24(2):105-110.
[4] MARK C,CHRISTIAN F,ENRIC M,et al.The European ban on growth-promoting antibiotics and emerging consequences for human and animal health[J].Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2003,52(2):159-161.
[5] DENG Y C,YU Y Z,LUO H Y,et al.Antimicrobial activity of extract and two alkaloids from traditional Chinese medicinal plant Stephania dielsiana[J].Food Chemistry,2011,124(4):1556-1560.
[6] 谢仲权,牛树琦.天然植物添加剂生产技术与质量标准[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2004:3-4.
[7] DEVANT M,ANGLADA A,BACH A,et al.Effects of plant extract supplementation on rumen fermentation and metabolism in young Holstein bulls consuming high levels of concentrate[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,137(1):46-57.
[8] KUNG L J,WILLIAMS P,SCHMIDT R J,et al.A blend of essential plant oils used as an additive to alter silage fermentation or reed as a feed additive for lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2008,91(12):4793-4800.
[9] ANIMUT G,PUCHALA R,GOETSCH A L,et al.Methane emission by goats consuming different sources of condensed tannins[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,144(3/4):228-241.
[10] 李万坤,郭福存,赵兴绪.天然免疫活性多糖替代抗生素添加剂的作用研究[J].家畜生态学报,2007,28(1):10-17.
[11] JOY M C,GEORGE C F,BRYAN W.Selected indigestible oligosaccharides affect large bowel mass,cecal and fecal short chain fatty acids,pH and microflora in rats[J].Nutrient Metabolism,1997,127(1):130-136.
[12] HART K J,LASWAI G H,CHAVES A V,et al.Plant extracts to manipulate rumen fermentation[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,147(1/2/3):8-35.
[13] ALEXANDER G,SINGH B,SAHOO A,et al.In vitro screening of plant extracts to enhance the efficiency of utilization of energy and nitrogen in ruminant diets[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,145(1/2/3/4):229-244.
[14] 王成章,王恬.饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
[15] LASWAI G H,MTAMAKAYA J D,KIMAMBO A E,et al.Dry matter intake,in vivo nutrient digestibility and concentration of minerals in the blood and urine of steers fed rice straw treated with wood ash extract[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,137(1/2):25-34.
[16] SALEMA Z M,OLIVARES M,LOPEZ S,et al.Effect of natural extracts of Salix babylonica and Leucaena leucocephala on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of lambs[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2011,170(1/2):27-34.
[17] CHAVES A V,STANFORD K,GIBSON L L,et al.Effects of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde on intake,rumen fermentation,growth performance,and carcass characteristics of growing lambs[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2005,145(1/2/3/4):396-408.
[18] KRUEGERA W K,MIN B R,PINCHAK W E,et al.Effects of dietary tannin source on performance,feed efficiency,ruminal fermentation,and carcass and non-carcass traits in steers fed a high-grain diet[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2010,159(1/2):1-9.
[19] MOLERO R,IBARS M,CALSAMIGLIA S,et al.Effects of aspecific blend of essential oil compounds on dry matter and crude protein degradability in heifers fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2004,114(1/2/3/4):91-104.
[20] HOLTER J B,YOUNG A J.Methane production in dry and lactating Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(8):2165-2175.
[21] CARULLA J E,KREUZER M,HESS H D,et al.Supplementation of Acacia mearnsii tannins decreases methanogenesis and urinary nitrogen in foraged-fed sheep[J].Australian Journal of Agriculture Research,2005,56(9):961-970.
[22] PUCHALA R,MIN B R,GOETSCH A L,et al.The effect of a condensed tannin-containing forage on methane emission by goats[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(1):182-186.
[23] BODAS R,LOPEZ S,FERNANDEZ M,et al.In vitro screening of the potential of numerous plant species as antimethanogenic feed additives for ruminants[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,145(1/2/3/4):245-258.
[24] HU W L,LIU J X,YE J A,et al.Effect of tea saponin on rumen fermentation in vitro[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2005,120(3/4):333-339.
[25] MAO H L,WANG J K,ZHOU Y Y,et al.Effects of addition of tea saponins and soybean oil on methane production,fermentation and microbial population in the rumen of growing lambs[J].Livestock Science,2010,129(1/2/3):56-62.
[26] GETACHEW G,MAKKAR H P S,BECTER K.Method of polyethylene glycol application to tannin-containing browses to improve microbial fermentation and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis from tannin-containing browses[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2001,92(1/2):51-57.
[27] ELLEN M H,SELJE-ASSMANN N,BECKER K.Dose studies on anti-proteolytic effects of a methanol extract from Knautia arvensis on in vitro ruminal fermentation[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,145(1/2/3/4):285-301.
[28] 张晓庆,郝正里,李发弟.植物单宁对反刍动物养分利用的影[J].饲料工业,2006(13):44-46.
[29] ALEXANDER G,SINGH B,SAHOO A,et al.In vitro screening of plant extracts to enhance the efficiency of utilization of energy and nitrogen in ruminant diets[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,145(1/2/3/4):229-244.
[30] CASTILLEJOS S,BUSQUET M,CARDOZO P W,et al.Invited review:essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(6):2580-2595.
[31] YANG W Z,BENCHAAR C,AMETAJ B N,et al.Effects of garlic and juniper berry essential oils on ruminal fermentation and on the site and extent of digestion in lactating cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(12):5671-5681.
[32] DEVANT M,ANGLADA A,BACH A,et al.Effects of plant extract supplementation on rumen fermentation and metabolism in young Holstein bulls consuming high levels of concentrate[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,137(1/2):46-57.
[33] ZHOU Y Y,MAO H L,JIANG F,et al.Inhibition of rumen methanogenesis by tea saponins with reference to fermentation pattern and microbial communities in Hu sheep[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2011,166:93-100.
[34] SPANGHERO M,ZANFI C,FABBRO E,et al.Effects of a blend of essential oils on some end products of in vitro rumen fermentation[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,145(1/2/3/4):364-374.
[35] BUSQUET M,CALSAMIGLIA S,FERRET A,et al.Screening for effects of plant extracts and active compounds of plants on dairy cattle rumen microbial fermentation in a continuous culture system[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2005,123-124.
[36] RITUPARNA B,VERMA A K,DAS A K,et al.Antioxidant effects of broccoli powder extract in goat meat nuggets[J].Meat Science,2012,91(2):179-184.
[37] GEMA N,PEDRO D,SANCHO B,et al.Effect on lamb meat quality of including thyme (Thymus zygis ssp.gracilis) leaves in ewes’diet[J].Meat Science,2010,85(1):82-88.
[38] SANCHO B,LORENA M,ELISABET A.Effects of dietary rosemary extract on lamb spoilage under retail display conditions[J].Meat Science,2012,90(3):579-583.
[39] 卢德勋.饲料科学的新概念——用系统思维诠释饲料科学的一些理论和技术问题[J].饲料工业,2012,33(1):1-7.