Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Hematological Indexes and Hepatic Non-Specific Immune Indexes of Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

YANG Hong; XU Qiqun; YUE Yirong; ZHU Jinglin; XIAO Wei; LI Dayu; ZOU Zhiying

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.12.013

2012 , Vol. 24 >Issue 12: 2384 - 2392

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.12.013

Fish Nutrition

Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Hematological Indexes and Hepatic Non-Specific Immune Indexes of Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

YANG Hong ,
XU Qiqun ,
YUE Yirong ,
ZHU Jinglin ,
XIAO Wei ,
LI Dayu ,
ZOU Zhiying

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1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China;
2. Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China

Received date: 2012-06-15

Online published: 2012-12-03

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary protein level on growth performance, body composition, hematological indexes and hepatic non-specific immune indexes of juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, casein and gelatin were used as protein sources to formulate five isoenergetic experimental diets (9% of fat level) at various protein levels (25％, 30％, 35％, 40％ and 45％). A total of 300 juvenile Nile tilapia with an average body weight of (4.70±0.01) g were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. The results showed that final body weight, weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ration (FCR), survival rate (SR), condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), viscerosomatic index (VSI) were not significantly affected by dietary protein level (P>0.05). With the increase of dietary protein level, protein efficiency ratio (PER) was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and protein deposition rate was firstly increased and then decreased. Moisture, crude protein and ash contents in whole body were not significantly affected by dietary protein level (P>0.05), but ether extract content in whole body was significantly affected by dietary protein level (P<0.05). The ether extract content in whole body of fish fed the 25% protein diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed other diets (P<0.05). White blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) count and haematocrit (HCT) in whole blood were not significantly affected by dietary protein level (P>0.05), but haemoglobin (Hb) in whole blood was significantly affected by dietary protein level (P<0.05). The haemoglobin in whole blood of fish fed the 40% protein diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the 25% protein diet (P<0.05). Serum creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, triglycerides and cholesterol levels and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity were not significantly affected by dietary protein level (P>0.05). Hepatic lysozyme (LZM) activity of fish fed the 25% protein diet was the lowest, and significantly lower than that of fish fed other diets (P<0.05). Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of fish was not significantly affected by dietary protein level (P>0.05). With the increase of dietary protein level, hepatic catalase (CAT) activity was firstly increased and then decreased, and the lowest value was found in the group with the diet containing 25% protein, which was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content of fish fed the 45% protein diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed other diets (P<0.05). The results indicate that 25% dietary protein level can meet the requirement of growth for juvenile Nile tilapia in the condition of 9% dietary fat level, and properly increasing dietary protein level can improve the hepatic non-specific immune function to some extent.

Key words： juvenile Nile tilapia; protein level; growth performance; body composition; hematological indexes; non-specific immune indexes

Cite this article

YANG Hong , XU Qiqun , YUE Yirong , ZHU Jinglin , XIAO Wei , LI Dayu , ZOU Zhiying . Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Hematological Indexes and Hepatic Non-Specific Immune Indexes of Juvenile Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012 , 24(12) : 2384 -2392 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.12.013

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