This trial was conducted to evaluate quercetin safety as a feed additive. Acute toxicity test, Ames test, micronucleus test of bone marrow cells and sperm abnormality test were performed to evaluate quercetin safety. The results showed as follows: median lethal dosage (LD50) of quecertin>10 g/kg BW; twice results of Ames test with and without liver microsomal polychlorinated biphenyl revulsive (S9) were negative; the result of micronucleus test of bone marrow cells was negative and there was no cytotoxic effect on experimental animals; the result of mouse sperm abnormality test showed that there was no significant difference in different quecertin treatments (P>0.05), and not in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the negative control group. Quercetin is safe as a feed additive.
FENG Xiangan
,
LI Yao
,
LIU Ying
,
JIN Fang
,
ZHANG Lin
,
HU Linlin
,
SUO Yanli
. Evaluation of Acute Toxicity and Mutagenicity of Quercetin as a Feed Additive[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012
, 24(12)
: 2469
-2475
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.12.022
[1] ERLUND I.Review of the flavonoids quercetin,hesperetin and naringenin.Dietary sources,bioactivities,and epidemiology[J].Nature Research,2004,24:851-874.
[2] MI Y,ZHHANG C,LI C M,et al.Quercetin protects embryonic chicken spermatogonial cells from oxidative damage intoxicated with 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol in primary culture[J].Toxicology Letters,2009,190:61-65.
[3] 潘德敏,罗开健.槲皮素对禽流感病毒感染试验鸡的防治作用[J].广东畜牧兽医科技,2011,36(4):37-39.
[4] 刘洪柱,李垚,陈鑫,等.沙棘总黄酮、槲皮素对鸡成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶活性作用机制的体外研究[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(8):1378-1385.
[5] 赵伟.槲皮素对肉鸡肝细胞和脂肪细胞脂质代谢的作用及机制 .博士学位论文.哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2012.
[6] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB/T 15193—2003食品安全毒理学评价程序和方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[7] 中华人民共和国卫生部.保健食品检验与评价技术规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
[8] AMBROSE A M,ROBBINS D J,DEEDS F.Comparative toxicities of quercetin and quercitrin[J].Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association,1952,41:119-122.
[9] 冯香安,刘红南,刘莹,等.植物黄酮作为饲料添加剂的安全性评价研究进展[J].中国饲料,2011(12):31-33.
[10] 李立,王亚东,张焱,等.大豆异黄酮复合胶囊毒理学安全性评价[J].河南预防医学杂志,2010,21(1):38-41.
[11] 唐浩国,魏晓霞,向进乐,等.麻竹叶黄酮的毒理学实验[J].时珍国医国药,2007,18(10):2408-2410.
[12] 沈继红,张爱军.葡萄多酚的毒性实验[J].毒理学杂志,2006,20(2):96-97.
[13] SHOJI T,AKAZOME Y,KANNDA T,et al.The toxicology and safety of apple polyphenol extract[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2004,42:959-967.
[14] NAGASAKO-AKAZOME Y,HONMA D,TAGASHIRA M,et al.Safety evaluation of polyphenols extracted from hop bracts[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2007,45:1383-1392.
[15] HARWOOD M,DANIELEWSKA-NIKIE B,BORZELLECA J F,et al.A critical review of the data related to the safety of quercetin and lack of evidence of in vivo toxicity,including lack of genotoxic/carcinogenic properties[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2007,45:2179-2205.
[16] CARIA H,CHAVECA T,LAIRES A,et al.Genotoxicity of quercetin in the micronucleus assay in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes,human lymphocytes,V79 cell line and identification of kinetochore-containing (CREST staining) micronuclei in human lymphocytes[J].Mutation Research,1995,343:85-94.
[17] SILVA J D,HERRMANN S M,HEUSER V,et al.Evaluation of the genotoxic effect of rutin and quercetin by comet assay and micronucleus test[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2002,40:941-947.
[18] UTESCH D,FEIGE K,DASENBROCK J,et al.Evaluation of the potential in vivo genotoxicity of quercetin[J].Mutation Research,2008,654:38-44.
[19] PAMUKCU A M,YALC I S,HATCHER J F,et al.Quercetin,a rat intestinal and bladder carcinogen present in bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum)[J].Cancer Research,1980,40:3468-3472.
[20] DAS A,WANG J H,LIEN E J.Carcinogenicity,mutagenicity and cancer preventing activities of flavonoids:a structure-system-activity relationship (SSAR) analysis[J].Progress in Drug Research,1994,42:133-166.
[21] STAVRIC B.Quercetin in our diet:from potent mutagen to probable anticarcinogen[J].Clinical Biochemistry,1994,27:245-248.
[22] FORMICA J V,REGELSON W.Review of the biology of quercetin and related bioflavonoids[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,1995,33:1061-1080.
[23] LAMSON D W, BRIGNALL M S.Antioxidants and cancer,part 3:quercetin[J].Alternative Medicine Review,2000,5:196-208.
[24] OKAMOTO T.Safety of quercetin for clinical application[J].International Journal of Molecular Medicine,2005,16:275-278.
