To study the effects of dietary calcium level on production performance, reproductive performance (laying performance, hatching performance, egg quality), serum calcium and phosphorus contents and tibia quality of yellow-feathered broiler breeders aged from 49 to 56 weeks, five hundred and forty 49-week-old parent yellow-feathered broiler breeders were randomly assigned to 6 treatments. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 18 birds per replicate. Treatment 1 was the control group, in which the birds were fed corn-soybean meal based diet with 2.75% calcium. Treatments 2 to 6 were test groups, in which dietary calcium level was adjusted to 3.00%, 3.25%, 3.50%, 3.75% and 4.00% based on the basal diet through adding different levels of limestone instead of zeolite powder, respectively. Other nutrient levels in the 6 treatment diets except calcium level were the same. Experimental birds were fed 125 g of diet per bird every day and watered ad libitum during the experimental period of 8 weeks. Results showed that different dietary calcium levels did not significantly affect the final weight, average daily gain, average egg weight, broken egg rate, unqualified egg rate, hatching performance, serum calcium and phosphorus contents and tibia quality of birds (P>0.05). Feed to egg ratio of birds in 3.00% calcium group was significantly lower than that in 3.50% calcium group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between 3.00% calcium group and the other groups (P>0.05). Laying rate and daily egg mass of birds in 3.00% calcium group were significantly higher than those in the other groups except 3.25% calcium group (P<0.05). Based on the estimated result by two-slope broken-line model, the calcium requirement of yellow-feathered broiler breeders aged from 49 to 56 weeks for the optimal laying rate and daily egg mass both is 3.00% or 3.75 g/d.
HONG Ping
,
ZHOU Guilian
,
JIANG Shouqun
,
RUAN Dong
,
CHEN Fang
. Effects of Dietary Calcium Level on Reproductive Performance and Tibia Quality of Yellow-Feathered Broiler Breeders Aged from 49 to 56 Weeks[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013
, 25(2)
: 310
-318
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.02.011
[1] 张高娜,梁正翠,杨海明.种鸡日粮营养对雏鸡生长发育的影响[J].家禽科学,2008(8):38-42.
[2] 赵瑞菊,庄开发.882黄羽肉种鸡饲养管理要点[J].养禽与禽病防治,1997(2):13-14.
[3] 中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 33—2004 鸡饲养标准[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[4] NRC.Nutrient requirements of poultry[S].Washington,D.C.:National Academy Press,1994.
[5] 杨冬辉,舒鼎铭,杨纯芬,等.黄羽肉种鸡的饲养管理[J].中国家禽,2006,28(8):45-47.
[6] 周振雷,邓益锋,陈鹏峰,等.骨疏康对蛋鸡骨代谢的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(12):1345-1348.
[7] 俞路,王雅倩,林显华,等.饲粮不同钙水平对老龄蛋鸡蛋品质及故密度的影响[J].饲料工业,2008,29(1):33-36.
[8] 贺建华.饲料分析与检测[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[9] COMA J,CARRION D,ZINNERMAN D R.Use of plasma urea nitrogen as a rapid response criterion to determine the lysine requirement of pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1995,73:472-481.
[10] ROBBINS K R,SAXTON A M,SOUTHERN L L.Estimation of nutrient requirements using broken-line regression analysis[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84:155-165.
[11] 高喜良.不同钙水平对蛋鸡蛋壳品质的影响[J].山西农业科学,1998,2(2):76-79.
[12] SAFAA H M,SERRANO M P,VALENCIA D G,et al.Productive performance and egg quality of brown egg-laying hens in the late phase of production as influenced by level and source of calcium in the diet[J].Poultry Science,2008,87(10):2043-2051.
[13] 薛剑,张季.浅谈通过矿物质营养调控提高蛋壳质量[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2006(11):50-51.
[14] MOREKI J C,VAN DER MERWE H J,HAYES J P.Effect of dietary calcium level on egg production and egg shell quality in broiler breeder hen from 36 to 60 weeks of age[J].Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research,2011,1(1):1-7.
[15] ZAPATA L F,GERNAT A G.The effect of four levels of ascorbic acid and two levels of calcium on eggshell quality of forced-molted while leghorn hens[J].Poultry Science,1995,74:1049-1052.
[16] AHMAD H A,YADALAM S S,SR ROLAND D A.Calcium requirements of Bovanes hens[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2003(2):417-420.
[17] RAO S V R,PNADA A K,RAJU M V L N,et al.Requirement of calcium for commercial broilers and White Leghorn layers at low dietary phosphorus levels[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2003,106:199-208.
[18] LICHOVNIKOVA M.The effect of dietary calcium source,concentration,and particle size on calcium retention,eggshell quality,and overall calcium requirement in laying hens[J].British Poultry Science,2007,48:71-75.
[19] LEESON S,SUMMERS J D,CASTON L.Response of brown-egg strain layers to dietary calcium or phosphorus[J].Poultry Science,1993,72:1510-1514.
[20] SR ROLAAD D A,FNRMER M.Egg shell quality.Ⅱ.Importance of time of calcium intake with emphasis on broiler breeders[J].World's Poultry Science,1984,40:255-260.
[21] MCDANIEL G R,SR ROLAND D A,COLEMAN M A.The effect of eggshell quality on hatchability and embryonic mortality[J].Poultry Science,1979,58(1):10-13.
[22] BENNETT C D.The influence of shell thickness on hatchability in commercial broiler breeder flocks[J].Journal of Application Poultry Research,1992(1):61-65.
[23] ROQUE L,SOARES M C.1994.Effects of eggshell quality and broiler breeder age on hatchability[J].Poultry Science,1994,73:1838-1845.
[24] HURWITZ S,FISHMAN S,TALPAZ H.Model of plasma calcium regulation:system oscillations induces by growth[J].American Journal of Physiology,1987,252:1173-1181.
[25] HURWITZ S,FISHMAN S,TALPAZ H.Calcium dynamica:a model system approach[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1987,117:791-796.
[26] ONYANGO E M,HESTER P Y,STROSHINE R,et al.Bone densitometry as indicator of percentage tibia ash in broiler chicks fed varying dietary calcium and phosphorus levels[J].Poultry Science,2003,82:1787-1791.
[27] GARCIA A R,DALE N M.Foot ash as a means of quantifying bone mineralization in chicks[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2006,15:103-109.
[28] 俞路,王雅倩,林显华,等.饲粮不同钙水平对老龄蛋鸡但品质及骨密度的影响[J].饲料工业,2008,29(1):33-36.
[29] HURWITZ S,BAR A.Absorption of calcium and phosphorus along the gastrointestinal tract of the laying fowl as influenced by dietary calcium and egg shell formation[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1965,86(4):433-438.
[30] KESHAVARZ K,NAKAJIMA S.Re-evaluation of calcium and phosphorus requirements of laying hens for optimum performance and eggshell quality[J].Poultry Science,1993,72:144-153.
[31] KESHAVARZ K,SCOTT M L,BLANCHARD J.The effect of solubility and particle size of calcium sources on shell quality and bone mineralization[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research,1993,2:259-267.
[32] 王晓霞,霍启光.蛋鸡钙需要量的研究方法[J].中国饲料,1996(15):6-9.
[33] 杨光.我国肉种鸡产蛋日粮钙磷水平过高[J].中国家禽,2002,24(6):37-40.
