This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of creatine monhydrate (CMH) on creatine uptake and its biochemical metabolism in skeletal muscle of broilers. A total of nine hundred 42-day-old healthy Lingnan yellow-feathered broilers [initial body weight=(0.73?0.01) kg;male] were randomly allotted to four groups with five replicates per group. The control group were fed a basal diet without CMH, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 250, 500 and 1 000 mg/kg CMH, respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the supplementation of 500 and 1 000 mg/kg CMH significantly up-regulated creatine transporter (CrT) mRNA expression in breast muscle compared with the control group (P<0.05), but no significant change was observed in the group supplemented with 250 mg/kg CMH (P>0.05). Different CMH supplemental levels did not affect CrT mRNA expression in thigh muscle (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, feeding the diet with 250 mg/kg CMH significantly decreased serum creatine content (P<0.05), which was contrary to the other two groups with CMH supplementation (P<0.05). CMH supplementation did not affect serum creatinine content and creatinine/creatine, as well as creatine content in thigh muscle (P>0.05), but significantly increased creatine content in breast muscle (P<0.01). Creatinine content in breast muscle and thigh muscle was augmented as the increase of CMH level. Furthermore, creatinine/creatine in breast muscle was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but that in thigh muscle was improved in response to increasing CMH level (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the supplementation of CMH can significantly increase the activity of creatine kinase in breast muscle (P<0.05), but did not affect that in thigh muscle (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the supplementation of CMH did not affect ATP, ADP, AMP and total adenine nucleotides (TAN) contents, energy charge (EC), and ATP/ADP in breast muscle (P>0.05). and the same results showed in these indexes of ADP content, EC, ATP/ADP and AMP/ATP in thigh muscle, too (P>0.05). However, 250, 500, and 1 000 mg/kg CMH supplemented in diets significantly decreased the AMP/ATP in breast muscle (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and 250 mg/kg CMH supplementaion improved ATP, AMP and TAN content in thigh muscle (P<0.05). The results suggest that the supplementation of 250, 500 and 1 000 mg/kg CMH are benificial to improve creatine uptake in skeletal muscle, as well as the storage of creatine and phosphocreatine in breast muscle. Those indicate that some CHM added in diets for broilers can promote the energy buffering ability of creatine pool, especially the appropriate level of 250 mg/kg CMH.
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