Review

Gut Microbiota of Chickens: A Review

  • WANG Lifeng ,
  • ZHANG Jiachao ,
  • MA Chen ,
  • SUN Zhihong ,
  • FU Weilai ,
  • ZHANG Heping
Expand
  • 1. Key laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Direct-Fed Microbial Engineering, Beijing 100192, China

Received date: 2012-09-13

  Online published: 2013-02-28

Abstract

The complex communities of microorganisms that colonize in gastrointestinal tract play an important role in the health of hosts. The development of culture-independent molecular techniques has provided new insights in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota. Based on the related references and biological data, the intestinal microbiota composition and diversity in chickens at different days of age, the role played by gut microbiota in host health and the association between diets and gut microflora were summarized. Moreover, the effects of antibiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota of chickens were reviewed. Finally, the potential of probiotic microorganism to modulate the gut microbiota and the antibiotic-associated microbial dysbiosis was discussed. Those could provide references for the study of gut microbiota in chickens.

Cite this article

WANG Lifeng , ZHANG Jiachao , MA Chen , SUN Zhihong , FU Weilai , ZHANG Heping . Gut Microbiota of Chickens: A Review[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013 , 25(3) : 494 -502 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.03.007

References

[1] GERRITSEN J.Intestinal microbiota in human health and disease:the impact of probiotics[J].Genes and Nutrition,2011,6(3):209-240.  
[2] HAMER H M.Review article:the role of butyrate on colonic function[J].Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics,2008,27(2):104-119.
[3] CERF-BENSUSSAN N,GABORIAU-ROUTHIAU V.The immune system and the gut microbiota:friends or foes?[J].Nature Reviews Immunology,2010,10(10):735-744.  
[4] SEKIROV I.Gut microbiota in health and disease[J].Physiological Reviews,2010,90(3):859-904.  
[5] WONG S D,RAWLS J F.Intestinal microbiota composition in fishes is influenced by host ecology and environment[J].Molecular Ecology,2012,21(13):3100-3102.  
[6] ZHU X Y,ZHONG T Y,PANDYA Y,et al.16S rRNA-based analysis of microbiota from the cecum of broiler chickens[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(1):124-137.  
[7] SEKELJA M.Abrupt temporal fluctuations in the chicken fecal microbiota are explained by its gastrointestinal origin[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2012,78(8):2941-2948.  
[8] SJOGREN Y M.Influence of early gut microbiota on the maturation of childhood mucosal and systemic immune responses[J].Clinical and Experimental Allergy,2009,39(12):1842-1851.  
[9] CUKROWSKA B K,REHAKOVA Z H.Specific antibody and immunoglobulin responses after intestinal colonization of germ-free piglets with non-pathogenic Escherichia coli O86[J].Immunobiology,2001,204(4):156-169.
[10] DOGI C A,GALDEANO C M,PERDIGON G.Gut immune stimulation by non pathogenic Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria comparison with a probiotic strain[J].Cytokine,2008,41(3):223-231.  
[11] HANSEN J,GULATI A,SARTOR R B.The role of mucosal immunity and host genetics in defining intestinal commensal bacteria[J].Current Opinion in Gastroenterology,2010,26(6):564-571.  
[12] SAMUEL B S.Effects of the gut microbiota on host adiposity are modulated by the short-chain fatty-acid binding G protein-coupled receptor,Gpr41[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008,105(43):16767-16772.  
[13] NICHOLSON J K.Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions[J].Science,2012,336(6086): 1262-1267.  
[14] LUMPKINS B S,BATAL A B,LEE M D.Evaluation of the bacterial community and intestinal development of different genetic lines of chickens[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(8):1614-1621.  
[15] TOROK V A.Application of methods for identifying broiler chicken gut bacterial species linked with increased energy metabolism[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2008,74(3):783-791.  
[16] SAID H M.Active-induced modulation of carbonic anhydrase 9(CA9) gene in human brain cancer[J].FEBS Journal,2011,278:336-337.
[17] SERINO M.Metabolic adaptation to a high-fat diet is associated with a change in the gut microbiota[J].Gut,2012,61(4):543-553.  
[18] CHICHLOWSKI M.Microarchitecture and spatial relationship between bacteria and ileal,cecal,and colonic epithelium in chicks fed a direct-fed microbial,PrimaLac,and salinomycin[J].Poultry Science,2007,86(6):1121-1132.
[19] WILLIS W L,REID L.Investigating the effects of dietary probiotic feeding regimens on broiler chicken production and Campylobacter jejuni presence[J].Poultry Science,2008,87(4): 606-611.  
[20] MOUNTZOURIS K C.Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Enterococcus,and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities[J].Poultry Science,2007,86(2):309-317.
[21] LI S P,ZHAO X J,WANG J Y.Synergy of Astragalus polysaccharides and probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bacillus cereus) on immunity and intestinal microbiota in chicks[J].Poultry Science,2009,88(3):519-525.  
[22] SAMLI H E.Effects of Enterococcus faecium and dried whey on broiler performance,gut histomorphology and intestinal microbiota[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2007,61(1):42-49.  
[23] TEO A Y,TAN H M.Evaluation of the performance and intestinal gut microflora of broilers fed on corn-soy diets supplemented with Bacillus subtilis PB6 (CloSTAT)[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2007,16(3):296-303.
[24] GEBERT S,KROMM C,RELIBERGER T.Effect of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial on turkey poult performance and changes within the gastrointestinal microflora[J].Poultry Science,2007,86:249-250.
[25] TOROK V A.Identification and characterization of potential performance-related gut microbiotas in broiler chickens across various feeding trials[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2011,77(17):5868-5878.  
[26] VAN DEN ABBEELE P.Microbial community development in a dynamic gut model is reproducible,colon region specific,and selective for Bacteroidetes and Clostridium cluster Ⅸ[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2010,76(15):5237-5246.  
[27] HARROW S A.Real-time quantitative PCR measurement of ileal Lactobacillus salivatius populations from broiler chickens to determine the influence of farming practices[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2007,73(22):7123-7127.  
[28] DERRIEN M.The mucin degrader Akkermansia muciniphila is an abundant resident of the human intestinal tract[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2008,74(5):1646-1648.  
[29] DEPLANCKE B.Selective growth of mucolytic bacteria including Clostridium perfringens in a neonatal piglet model of total parenteral nutrition[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2002,76(5):1117-1125.
[30] BOJESEN A M.Detection of Gallibacterium spp.in chickens by fluorescent 16S rRNA in situ hybridization[J].Journal of Clinical Microbiology,2003,41(11):5167-5172.  
[31] BARTH S.Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for probiotic use in piglets:evidence for intestinal colonization[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,2009,107(5):1697-1710.  
[32] REHMAN H U.Indigenous bacteria and bacterial metabolic products in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2007,61(5):319-335.  
[33] BJERRUM L.Microbial community composition of the ileum and cecum of broiler chickens as revealed by molecular and culture-based techniques[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(7):1151-1164.
[34] DE FILIPPO C.Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(33):14691-14696.  
[35] LEY R E.Microbial ecology-human gut microbes associated with obesity[J].Nature,2006,444(7122):1022-1023.  
[36] TURNBAUGH P J.The Effect of diet on the human gut microbiome:a metagenomic analysis in humanized gnotobiotic mice[J].Science Translational Medicine,2009,1(6):6 ra 14.doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3000322.
[37] MACFARLANE S G,MACFARLANE T,CUMMINGS J H.Review article:prebiotics in the gastrointestinal tract[J].Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics,2006,24(5):701-714.  
[38] Roberfroid M B.Inulin-type fructans:functional food ingredients[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2007,137(11):2493S-2502S.
[39] WONG J M W.Gut microbiota,diet,and heart disease[J].Journal of AOAC International,2012,95(1):24-30.  
[40] BEDFORD R B,DRAPER S M,SCULLY P N,et al.Palladium bis (phosphinite) 'PCP’-pincer complexes and their application as catalysts in the Suzuki reaction[J].New Journal of Chemistry,2000,24(10):745-747.  
[41] ALLEN H K.Call of the wild:antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2010,8(4):251-259.  
[42] STANTON T B,HUMPHREY S B,STOFFREGEN W C.Chlortetracycline-resistant intestinal bacteria in organically raised and feral swine[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2011,77(20):7167-7170.  
[43] LOOFT T.In-feed antibiotic effects on the swine intestinal microbiome[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2012,109(5):1691-1696.  
[44] BAURHOO B,FERKET P R,ZHAO X.Effects of diets containing different concentrations of mannanoligosaccharide or antibiotics on growth performance,intestinal development,cecal and litter microbial populations,and carcass parameters of broilers[J].Poultry Science,2009,88(11):2262-2272.  
[45] TOROK V A.Influence of antimicrobial feed additives on broiler commensal posthatch gut microbiota development and performance[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2011,77(10):3380-3390.  
[46] KNARREBORG A.Effects of dietary fat source and subtherapeutic levels of antibiotic on the bacterial community in the ileum of broiler chickens at various ages[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(12):5918-5924.  
[47] LA-ONGKHUM O.Effect of the antibiotic avilamycin on the structure of the microbial community in the jejunal intestinal tract of broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(7):1532-1538.  
[48] CHOCT M.Managing gut health through nutrition[J].Brtish Poultry Science,2009,50(1):9-15.  
[49] NG S C,HART A L,KAMM M A,et al.Mechanisms of action of probiotics:recent advances[J].Inflammatory Bowel Diseases,2009,15(2):300-310.  
[50] YIN Y S.Exposure of different bacterial inocula to newborn chicken affects gut microbiota development and ileum gene expression[J].The ISME Journal,2010,4(3):367-376.  
[51] SAMLI H E.Effects of Enterococcus faecium supplementation and floor type on performance,morphology of erythrocytes and intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2010,51(4):564-568.  
[52] SALARMOINI M,FOOLADI M H.Efficacy of Lactobacillus acidophilus as probiotic to improve broiler chicks performance[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2011,13(2):165-172.
[53] SEN S.Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance,nutrient retention,caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2012,93(1):264-268.  
[54] GERARD P.Characterization of cecal microbiota and response to an orally administered Lactobacillus probiotic strain in the broiler chicken[J].Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology,2008,14(1/2/3):115-122.
[55] THANH N T.Effects of feeding metabolite combinations produced by Lactobacillus plantarum on growth performance,faecal microbial population,small intestine villus height and faecal volatile fatty acids in broilers[J].British Poultry Science,2009,50(3):298-306.  
[56] MEIMANDIPOUR A.Selected microbial groups and short-chain fatty acids profile in a simulated chicken cecum supplemented with two strains of Lactobacillus[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(3):470-476.  
[57] PIEPER R.Effect of a single oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum DSMZ 8862/8866 before and at the time point of weaning on intestinal microbial communities in piglets[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2009,130(3):227-232.  
[58] MALLO J J,RIOPEREZ J,HONRUBIA P.The addition of Enterococcus faecium to diet improves piglet’s intestinal microbiota and performance[J].Livestock Science,2010,133(1/2/3):176-178.
[59] PLUMMER S F.Effects of probiotics on the composition of the intestinal microbiota following antibiotic therapy[J].International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents,2005,26(1):69-74.  
[60] BOYANOVA L,MITOV I.Coadministration of probiotics with antibiotics:why,when and for how long?[J].Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy,2012,10(4):407-409.  
Outlines

/