Feed Science and Technology

Effects of Chromium on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Non-Specific Immune Enzyme Activities of Litopenaeus vannamei

  • YANG Qihui ,
  • TAN Beiping ,
  • DONG Xiaohui ,
  • CHI Shuyan ,
  • LIU Hongyu ,
  • WANG Fengmei
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  • Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China

Received date: 2012-10-17

  Online published: 2013-03-25

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of chromium on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and non-specific immune enzyme activities of Litopenaeus vannamei. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were prepared with the chromium (the form of chromium picolinate) supplemental levels of 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 840 shrimp with an initial body weight of (0.310?0.001) g were randomly distributed into twenty-one 0.38 m3 fiberglass tanks with 40 shrimp per tank and 3 tanks per diet. The feeding experiment lasted for 56 d. The results showed as follows: the highest weight grain rate, specific growth rate and the lowest feed convention ratio were all found in 1.6 mg/kg group, and significantly higher or lower than those in 0, 0.4 and 5.0 mg/kg groups (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences compared with 1.2 mg/kg group (P<0.05). The 2.0 mg/kg group had the highest protein efficiency ratio and protein deposition rate, but there were no significant differences compared with 1.6 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Chromium supplemental level had significant effects on the moisture, crude lipid and crude ash contents in whole body (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the crude protein content in whole body (P>0.05). Serum total protein, glucose and total cholesterol contents were significantly increased when chromium supplemental levels were 5.0 mg/kg, 1.2 to 1.6 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively (P<0.05). The highest serum alkaline phosphatase, total superoxide dismutase and phenoloxidase activities were found in 1.6 mg/kg group, the highest serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity was found in 1.2 mg/kg group, and the highest serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity was found in 2.0 mg/kg group, which were all significantly higher than those in 0 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Serum triglyceride content and acid phosphatase activity were not significantly affected by chromium supplemental level (P<0.05). Based on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices and non-specific immune enzyme activities, the optimal supplemental level of chromium (the form of chromium picolinate) for 0.31 to 8.50 g Litopenaeus vannamei is 1.2 to 1.6 mg/kg.

Cite this article

YANG Qihui , TAN Beiping , DONG Xiaohui , CHI Shuyan , LIU Hongyu , WANG Fengmei . Effects of Chromium on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Non-Specific Immune Enzyme Activities of Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013 , 25(4) : 795 -804 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.04.017

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