This study was conducted to examine the effects of early weaning on the activity of small intestinal alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in piglets. Forty 10-day-old ternary hybrid piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups with 20 replicates in each group and 1 piglet per replicate, and the piglets were delivered by 40 sows, respectively. Piglets in the two groups were fed under strategies of breast feeding and early weaning, respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, piglets were slaughtered for collecting the samples of small intestine, and the activity and content of small intestinal AKP were determined. Results showed that early weaning significantly decreased affinity, maximal enzyme activity and digestive capacity of AKP both in whole and segments of small intestine (P<0.05), significantly decreased affinity and digestive capacity of jejunal intracellular and cell apical membrane-bound AKP (P<0.05), significantly decreased maximal enzyme activity of jejunal cell apical membrane-bound AKP (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the relative content of 60 ku AKP in jejunal tissue homogenate, intracellular fraction and cell apical membrane (P<0.05). In conclusion, activity, affinity, digestive capacity and content of small intestinal AKP can be decreased by early weaning.
[1] 陈彤,杨小燕,祁保民.猪增生性肠炎消化系统酶活性的变化[J].安徽农业大学学报,2011,38(2):267-270.
[2] CARVER J D,WALKER A.The role of nucleotides in human nutrition[J].Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,1995,6:58-72.
[3] GASSER K W,KIRSCHNER L B.The inhibition and disposition of intestinal alkaline phosphatase[J].Journal of Composive Physiology,1987,157:461-467.
[4] ZHANG Y,SHAO J,XIE Q,et al.Immunolocalization of alkaline phosphatase and surfactant-like particle proteins in rat duodenum during fat absorption[J].Gastroenterology.1996,110:478-488.
[5] AKIBA Y,MIZUMORI M,GUTH P H,et al.Duodenal brush border intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity affects bicarbonate secretion in rats[J].American Journal of Physiology,2007,293:G1223-G1233.
[6] 肖英平,洪奇华,刘秀婷,等.谷氨酰胺对断奶仔猪生长性能营养物质表观消化率空肠碱性磷酸酶活性及与肠道健康相关因子基因表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(8):1438-1446.
[7] GEDDES K,PHILPOTT D J.A new role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in gut barrier maintenance[J].Gastroenterology,2008,135:8-12.
[8] GOLDBERG R F,AUSTEN W G,ZHANG X,et al.Intestinal alkaline phosphatase is a gut mucosal defense factor maintained by enteral nutrition[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008,105:3551-3556.
[9] FAN M Z,ADEOLA O,ASEM E K.Postnatal ontogeny of kinetics of porcine jejunal brush border membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase,aminopeptidase N and sucrase activities[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2002,132:599-607.
[10] BURRIN D G,STOLL B,JIANG R,et al.Minimal enteral nutrient requirements for intestinal growth in neonatal piglets:how much is enough?[J].American Journal of Clinic Nutrition,2000,71:1603-1610.
[11] MEI J,XU R J.Transient changes of transforming growth factor-beta expression in the small intestine of the pig in association with weaning[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2005,93:37-45.
[12] WEIS S L,LEE E A,DIAMOND J.Evolutionary matches of enzyme and transporter capacities to dietary substrate loads in the intestinal brush border[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1997,95:2117-2121.
[13] WANG X,HALD H,ERNST H A,et al.Over-expression,purification and characterization of an Asc-1 homologue from Gloeobacter violaceus[J].Protein Expression and Purification 2010,71:179-183.
[14] KIARIE E,NYACHOTI C M,SLOMINSKI B A,et al.Growth performance,gastrointestinal microbial activity,and nutrient digestibility in early-weaned pigs fed diets containing flaxseed and carbohydrase enzyme[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85:2982-2993.
[15] GU X,LI D,SHE R.Effect of weaning on small intestinal structure and function in the piglet[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition-Archiv Fur Tierernahrung,2002,56:275-286.
[16] HODIN R A,CHAMBERLAIN S M,MENG S.Pattern of rat intestinal brush-border enzyme gene expression changes with epithelial growth state[J].American Journal of Physiology,1995,269:C385-G391.
[17] CARVER J D,WALKER A.The role of nucleotides in human nutrition[J].Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry,1995,6:58-72.
[18] GOLDBERG R F,AUSTEN W G,ZHANG X,et al.Intestinal alkaline phosphatase is a gut mucosal defense factor maintained by enteral nutrition[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008,105:3551-3556.
[19] POELSTRA K,BAKKER W W,KLOK P A,et al.Dephosphorylation of endotoxin by alkaline phosphatase in vivo[J].American Journal of Pathology,1997,151:1163-1169.
[20] GEDDES K,PHILPOTT D J.A new role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in gut barrier maintenance[J].Gastroenterology,2008,135:8-12.
[21] FAN M Z,STOLL B,BURRIN D G,et al.Enterocyte digestive enzyme activities along the crypt-villus and the longitudinal axis in neonatal pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2001,79:371-381.
[22] FAN M Z,MATTHEWS J,ETIENNE N M P,et al.Expression of brush border L-glutamate transporters in epithelial cells along the crypt-villus axis in the neonatal pig[J].American Journal of Physiology,2004,287:G385-G398.
[23] MILLER B G,JAMES P S,SMITH M W,et al.Effect of weaning on the capacity of pig intestinal villi to digest and absorb nutrients[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,1986,107:579-589.
[24] ENGLE M J,MAHMOOD A,ALPERS D H.Two rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase isoforms with different carboxyl-terminal peptides are both membrane-bound bya glycan phosphatidylinositol linkage[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1995,270:11935-11940.
[25] MALO M S,BISWAS S,ABEDRAPO M A,et al.The pro-inflammatory cytokines,IL-1beta and TNF-alpha,inhibit intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene expression[J].DNA Cell Biology,2006,25:684-695.
[26] YANG X,YANG C,FARBERMAN A,et al.The mammalian target of rapamycin-signaling pathway in regulating metabolism and growth[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86:E36-E50.
[27] HIRASAKA K,TOKUOKA K,NAKAO R,et al.Cathepsin C propeptide interacts with intestinal alkaline phosphatase and heat shock cognate protein 70 in human Caco-2 cells[J].Journal of Physiology Science,2008,58:105-111.
