Fat Requirement and Optimal Dietary Fat to Carbohydrate Ratio for Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

HE Yading; HUA Xueming; ZHAO Chaoyang; FENG Wenhe; SHUI Chun; ZHANG Houqun; XING Sihua; ZHU Zhanying; JIAO Jiangang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.05.017

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2013 , Vol. 25 >Issue 5: 1017 - 1024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.05.017

Aquaculture Nutrition

Fat Requirement and Optimal Dietary Fat to Carbohydrate Ratio for Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

HE Yading ,
HUA Xueming ,
ZHAO Chaoyang ,
FENG Wenhe ,
SHUI Chun ,
ZHANG Houqun ,
XING Sihua ,
ZHU Zhanying ,
JIAO Jiangang

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1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China;
3. Aquatic Products Bureau of Chaohu in Anhui Province, Chaohu 238000, China;
4. Fuhuang Sanzhen Food Group Co., Ltd., Chaohu 238000, China

Received date: 2012-11-18

Online published: 2013-04-12

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Abstract

In order to study the optimum fat level and fat to carbohydrate ratio in the diet for red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), five groups of red swamp crayfish shrimps with an average initial body weight of (8.15?0.03) g were fed with five isonitrogenous (protein level was about 35%) and isocaloric (digestive energy was about 13 MJ/kg) semipurified diets, mainly including fish meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, flour and dextrin. Each group had 4 replicates and each replicate had 20 shrimps. The fat level (%)/carbohydrate level (%) of the five diets were 3/36.94 (A1), 5/34.15 (A2), 7/26.98 (A3), 9/24.56 (A4) and 11/21.85 (A5), respectively. The experiment lasted for 40 days. The results showed as follows: the survival rate was firstly increased and then decreased with the dietary fat and carbohydrate ratio increasing, and that in A1 group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05), while that in A2 group was significantly higher than that in A1 and A5 groups (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio and feeding rate had no significant differences among all groups (P>0.05). No significant differences were found in weight gain rate and specific growth rate among A2, A3 and A4 groups (P>0.05), but the weight gain rate in A2, A3 and A4 groups was significantly higher than that in A1 group (P<0.05), and specific growth rate in A2, A3 and A4 groups was significantly higher than that in A1 and A5 groups (P<0.05). Protein efficiency ratio in A5 group was the lowest, and significantly lower than that in A2 group (P<0.05). The highest contents of moisture, ash and crude protein in muscle were all found in A5 group, and those in A5 group were significantly higher than those in A2 group (P<0.05), but there was no significant differences among A3, A4 and A5 groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the contents of ether extract, calcium and phosphorus in muscle among all groups (P>0.05). With the increase of fat to carbohydrate ratio, serum lipoprotein lipase activity was firstly increased and then decreased, while intestinal amylase activity was firstly decreased and then increased, and the extreme values of them were all found in A3 group. According to above results, it is concluded that the requirement of fat is about 7%, and the optimal dietary fat to carbohydrate ratio is 1.00:3.85 for the red swamp crayfish with the average initial body weight of (8.15?0.03) g under this experimental condition.

Key words： red swamp crayfish; fat; carbohydrate; requirement; optimal ratio

Cite this article

HE Yading , HUA Xueming , ZHAO Chaoyang , FENG Wenhe , SHUI Chun , ZHANG Houqun , XING Sihua , ZHU Zhanying , JIAO Jiangang . Fat Requirement and Optimal Dietary Fat to Carbohydrate Ratio for Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013 , 25(5) : 1017 -1024 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.05.017

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