This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement by defatted silkworm pupae (DSP) on growth performance, body composition and health status of Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian), and also to study the effects of crystalline lysine supplementation under the condition of 75% FM replacement by DSP. Five isonitrogenous (36.8% crude protein) and isoenergetic (5.5% crude lipid) diets were formulated as follows: one basal diet with 10% FM (DSP0), three diets with 25%, 50% and 75% FM replacement by DSP (DSP25, DSP50 and DSP75), and one diet with 0.7% crystalline lysine supplementation in the 75% replacement diet (DSP75-Lys). A total of 270 juvenile Jian carp with an average body weight of (15.30?2.97) g were randomly assigned into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 18 fish per replicate. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows: the final body weight (FBW), weight gaining rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake (FI) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish in the direct replacement groups were decreased with the replacement level increasing. The FBW in DSP75 group was significantly lower than that in DSP0 group (P<0.05) and the WGR, SGR and PER in DSP75 group were significantly lower than those in DSP0 and DSP25 groups (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish in the direct replacement groups was increased with the replacement level increasing, and that in DSP75 group was significantly higher than that in DSP0 and DSP25 groups (P<0.05). The condition factor (CF) and intraperitoneal fat index (IFI) of fish in the direct replacement groups were firstly decreased and then increased with the replacement level increasing, and those in DSP75 group were significantly higher than those in DSP25 group (P<0.05). The relative gut length (RGL) of fish in the direct replacement groups was increased with the replacement level increasing, and that in DSP75 group was significantly higher than that in DSP0 group (P<0.05). No significant differences in the contents of whole body crude protein and moisture, and muscle amino acids were found among all direct replacement groups (P>0.05), but the whole body crude lipid and ash contents in DSP75 group were significantly higher and lower than those in DSP0 group, respectively (P<0.05). The serum alanine transarninase (ALT) activity of fish in the direct replacement groups was increased with the replacement level increasing, and that in DSP75 group was significantly higher than that in DSP0, DSP25 and DSP50 groups (P<0.05). The serum glucose (GLU) content of fish in the direct replacement groups was decreased with the replacement level increasing, and that in DSP50 and DSP75 groups was significantly lower than that in DSP0 group (P<0.05). The hepatopancreas total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD) activity of fish in the direct replacement groups was decreased with the replacement level increasing, and that in DSP75 group was significantly lower than that in DSP0 and DSP25 groups (P<0.05). With the replacement level increasing, the serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and cholesterol (CHOL) contents were decreased and the hepatopancreas malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased, but no significant differences were found among all direct replacement groups (P>0.05). The indices mentioned above were improved to a certain degree by crystalline lysine supplementation, and the whole body crude protein in DSP75-Lys was significantly higher than that in DSP0 group (P<0.05), but the transaminase activities and antioxidant indexes had no significant differences between DSP75-Lys and DSP75 groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, it is feasible to substitute 50% FM with DSP in the Jian carp diet, and simultaneous supplementation of crystalline lysine can improve the body protein deposition level.
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