Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Serum Biochemical Indices of Juvenile Onychostoma sima

XIANG Xiao; ZHOU Xinghua; CHEN Jian; HUANG Hui; LI Dianjin; WANG Wenjuan; WU Qing; ZHOU Xiaoqiu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.018

2013 , Vol. 25 >Issue 8: 1805 - 1816

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.018

Aquaculture Nutrition

Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Serum Biochemical Indices of Juvenile Onychostoma sima

XIANG Xiao ,
ZHOU Xinghua ,
CHEN Jian ,
HUANG Hui ,
LI Dianjin ,
WANG Wenjuan ,
WU Qing ,
ZHOU Xiaoqiu

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1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Aqucatic Science of Chongqing, Department of Fisheries in Rongchang Compust, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China;
2. Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China

Received date: 2013-02-18

Online published: 2013-07-15

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary lipid level on growth performance, body composition and serum biochemical indices of juvenile Onychostoma sima. A total of 900 juvenile Onychostoma sima with an average initial body weight of (0.78±0.05) g were randomly assigned into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicate. Fish in the 6 groups were fed experimental diets containing 0 (control group), 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% soybean oil (actual lipid levels were 2.83%, 4.52%, 6.68%, 9.14%, 11.35% and 14.07%, respectively) for 60 days, respectively. The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were firstly increased and then decreased with the dietary lipid level increasing. Conversely, the feed conversation ratio (FCR) was firstly decreased but then increased. The WGR and SGR had the highest values (362.98% and 3.06%/d, respectively) when the dietary lipid level was 11.35%, and were significantly higher than those in other groups except for 6.68% and 9.14% groups (P<0.05); the PER had the highest value (3.70%) and the FCR had the lowest value (1.34) when the dietary lipid level was 9.14%, and were significantly higher/lower than those in other groups except for 11.35% group (P<0.05). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was increased with the dietary lipid level increasing, and that in 6.68%, 9.14%, 11.35% and 14.07% groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in viscerosomatic index (VSI) among all groups (P>0.05). Based on square regression analysis, the suitable dietary lipid levels were 10.12%, 9.56%, 9.42% and 10.18% when WGR, SGR, PER and FCR of Onychostoma sima were optimum, respectively. With the dietary lipid level increasing, the crude lipid content in both whole body and muscle was increased, while the crude protein content in both whole body and muscle was firstly increased and then decreased. Dietary lipid level had no significant effects on moisture and crude ash contents in both whole body and muscle (P>0.05). The serum cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) contents were firstly increased and then decreased with the dietary lipid level increasing. The contents of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total bile acid (TBA) and the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum were increased with the dietary lipid level increasing. At the same time, the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content was decreased with the dietary lipid level increasing. The serum CHO content had the highest value when the dietary lipid level was 9.14%, and was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05); the serum TG content had the highest value when the dietary lipid level was 11.35%, and was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). Results of the above show that suitable dietary lipid levels can promote growth, and improve feed utilization and immunity of juvenile Onychostoma sima. But it may cause liver damage or tissue lesions when the dietary lipid levels exceed a certain limit. Through comprehensive analysis of growth performance, body composition and serum biochemical indices, we suggest that the optimal level of dietary lipid for juvenile Onychostoma simax is 9.42% to 10.18% under this experimental condition.

Key words： Onychostoma sima; dietary lipid level; growth performance; body composition; serum biochemical

Cite this article

XIANG Xiao , ZHOU Xinghua , CHEN Jian , HUANG Hui , LI Dianjin , WANG Wenjuan , WU Qing , ZHOU Xiaoqiu . Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Serum Biochemical Indices of Juvenile Onychostoma sima[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013 , 25(8) : 1805 -1816 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.018

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