In order to evaluate the nutritive quality in muscle of Lota lota (Linnaeus), the common nutrient components, amino acid composition and fatty acid composition in muscle of wild Lota lota (captured in Hailang section of Mudan river) were determined by routine methods. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash in fresh muscle of Lota lota were 81.82%, 15.93%, 0.44% and 1.06%, respectively. Seventeen kinds of amino acids were found in muscle of Lota lota (Linnaeus) including 7 kinds of essential amino acids (EAA). In dry muscle, the content of total amino acids (TAA) was 72.43%, the content of EAA was 29.82%, and the percentage of EAA to TAA was 41.17% which was met the high-quality protein standard of the Food and Agriculture Organization/Word Health Organization (FAO/WHO). Four kinds of delicious amino acids (DAA) accounted for 28.34% in dry muscle, and the percentage of DAA to TAA was 39.13%. The contents of C20: 5n-3 (EPA) and C22: 6n-3 (DHA) in dry muscle were 8.65% and 20.32%, respectively, which were much higher than those of most cultured fish species, such as Oxyeleotris marmorata (EPA:2.24%, DHA:4.74%), Spinibarbus sinensis (EPA: 0.87%, DHA: 3.08%) and Glossogobius giuris (EPA:3.94%, DHA:8.10%), etc. According to the amino acids score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), the first limited amino acid of Lota lota (Linnaeus) was sulfur amino acid (methionine+cysteine), and the essential amino acids index (EAAI) of Lota lota (Linnaeus) was 62.58. The results indicate that the contents of amino acids and high-unsaturated fatty acids in muscle of Lota lota (Linnaeus) are higher, and the composition of amino acids is reasonable, thus, Lota lota (Linnaeus) is a high quality freshwater fish with high nutritive value and health value which has good prospects for exploitation and utilization.