Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Dietary Copper Source and Supplemental Level on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Non-Specific Immune Enzyme Activities and Muscle Amino Acid Contents of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei

  • ZHOU Shuangyan ,
  • YANG Qihui ,
  • TAN Beiping ,
  • DONG Xiaohui ,
  • CHI Shuyan ,
  • LIU Hongyu ,
  • ZHANG Shuang
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  • Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

Received date: 2014-01-02

  Online published: 2014-07-01

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary copper source and supplemental level on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, non-specific immune enzyme activities and muscle amino acid contents of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Thirteen isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by using two-factor experimental design with different copper sources and different copper supplemental levels (0, 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg/kg, respectively). A total of 1 560 juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei with an initial body weight of (0.330±0.001) g were randomly distributed into 13 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 shrimps per replicate. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and survive rate (SR) of shrimps were significantly affected by copper supplemental level (P<0.05), and the FBW, WGR and SGR in groups supplemented with 8 to 64 mg/kg copper were significantly higher than those in groups without copper supplementation (P<0.05). Dietary copper source had significant influences on serum total protein (TP) and triglycerides (TG) contents (P<0.05), and copper supplemental level had significant influences on serum TP, glucose (GLU) and TG contents (P<0.05). The interaction of copper source and supplemental level had significant influences on serum TP content (P<0.05), and the HMC group supplemented with 32 mg/kg copper had the highest serum TP content. The activities of phenoloxidase (PO) and ceruloplasmin (CP) in serum and the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-ZnSOD) in hepatopancreas were significantly affected by copper source, supplemental level and the interaction of copper source and supplemental level (P<0.05). The contents of alanine (Ala), arginine (Arg), aspartic acid (Asp), glycine (Gly) and glutamic acid (Glu) in muscle were significantly affected by copper source and supplemental level (P<0.05), and there were significantly interaction between copper source and supplemental level in the contents of Ala, Asp, Gly and Glu in muscle (P<0.05). With the serum CP activity as evaluation index and the HMC, TBCC and SC as copper sources, broken-line model show that the optimal contents of copper in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei diets are 17.52, 20.32 and 20.29 mg/kg, respectively. By comparing, the HMC has the highest relative bioavailability, followed by SC, and the lowest is TBCC.

Cite this article

ZHOU Shuangyan , YANG Qihui , TAN Beiping , DONG Xiaohui , CHI Shuyan , LIU Hongyu , ZHANG Shuang . Effects of Dietary Copper Source and Supplemental Level on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Non-Specific Immune Enzyme Activities and Muscle Amino Acid Contents of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014 , 26(7) : 1888 -1899 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.07.022

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