Poultry Nutrition

Effects of Prolonged Cold and Hot Environment on Performance, Glucose Metabolism and Uncoupling Protein mRNA Expression of Broilers

Expand
  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2014-05-04

  Online published: 2014-11-17

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different environmental temperatures (ranged from 10 to 30 ℃) on performance, glucose metabolism and expression of avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) mRNA of broilers. Two hundred and eighty eight 21-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were assigned to six environmental chambers, each chamber contained six cages with eight birds per cage, and each cage as a replicate. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and broilers were kept at 22 ℃ temperature and 60% relative humidity. When broilers were 28-day-old, the temperatures of each environmental chamber were gradually (within 1 h) regulated to 10, 14, 18, 22, 26 and 30 ℃, respectively, while maintaining the relative humidity at 60% and both kept constant until the end of the experiment. The trial period lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows: 1) throughout the trial period, the body weight (BW) of broilers in 30 ℃ group was significantly lower than 14 to 26 ℃ groups (P<0.05); average daily feed intake (ADFI) of broilers in 22 to 30 ℃ groups were significantly decreased with the increase of environmental temperature (P<0.05); average daily gain (ADG) of broilers in 10 to 30 ℃ groups were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of environmental temperature (P<0.05), and 22 ℃ group was the highest; with the increase of environmental temperature, the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) decreased firstly and then increased, and the lowest point was reached at 22 ℃; the average daily water intake (ADWC) was minimum in 10 ℃ group. 2) after prolonged temperature treatment for 14 days, glycemia level was significantly higher in 18 ℃ group than 26 ℃ group (P<0.05); hepatic glycogen level was not significantly affected by environmental temperature (P>0.05); muscle glycogen level was significantly lower in 22 ℃ group than 10, 26 and 30 ℃ groups (P<0.05). 3) After prolonged temperature treatment for 14 days, relative expression level of avUCP mRNA in 18 and 22 ℃ groups were significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, under the feeding conditions of this study, and considering the performance and efficiency of energy utilization, the optimum environmental temperature for AA broilers aged 28 to 42 days is in the range of 22 to 26 ℃.

Cite this article

SU Hongguang, ZHANG Minhong, FENG Jinghai, WU Xin, HU Chunhong . Effects of Prolonged Cold and Hot Environment on Performance, Glucose Metabolism and Uncoupling Protein mRNA Expression of Broilers[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014 , 26(11) : 3276 -3283 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.11.013

References

[1] BRODY S,LARDY H A.Bioenergetics and growth[J].The Journal of Chemical Physics,1946,50(2):168-169.

[2] ARMSTRONG D G,BLAXTER K L,CLAPPERTON J L,et al.Heat production and heat emission of two breeds of sheep[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1960,55(3):395-401.  

[3] KLEIBER M.The fire of life:an introduction to animal energetics[M].New York:Wiley,1961.

[4] 张敏红,苏红光,冯京海,等.采集用于建立肉鸡生活环境舒适性评价模型数据的方法和专用装置:中国,CN103404447A [P/OL].2013-11-27.

[5] SOHAIL M U,HUME M E,BYRD J A,et al.Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(9):2235-2240.  

[6] DONKOH A.Ambient temperature:a factor affecting performance and physiological response of broiler chickens[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,1989,33(4):259-265.  

[7] FARRELL D J,SWAIN S.Effects of temperature treatments on the heat production of starving chickens[J].British Poultry Science,1977,18(6):725-734.  

[8] DEEB N,CAHANER A.Genotype-by-environment interaction with broiler genotypes differing in growth rate.3.Growth rate and water consumption of broiler progeny from weight-selected versus nonselected parents under normal and high ambient temperatures[J].Poultry Science,2002,81(3):293-301.  

[9] 周杰,骆先虎,檀其梅,等.高温对肉用仔鸡生产性能和某些血清生化指标的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,1997,29(2):57-59.

[10] 郑卓夫.减轻家禽热应激的添加剂研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,1992,28(4):56-58.

[11] VECEREK V,STRAKOVA E,SUCHY P,et al.Influence of high environmental temperature on production and haematological and biochemical indexes in broiler chickens[J].Czech Journal of Animal Science,2002,47(5):176-182.

[12] 唐丽.热应激对肉种母鸡繁殖性能,相关生理生化和分子指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2013.

[13] 王士长,陈静,黄怡,等.热应激对肉鸡生产性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2008,29(15):11-13.

[14] 刘铀,林红英,罗东君,等.热应激对肉鸡血液生化指标及内分泌机能的影响[J].湛江海洋大学学报,1999,19(1):61-64.

[15] 李俊杰,桑润滋,田树军,等.热应激与牛血液成分的变化[J].家畜生态,2001,22(4):56-59.

[16] 刘映娴,安立龙,许英梅,等.热应激对鸡生理机能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(13):17-19.

[17] TEULIER L,ROUANET J L,LETEXIER D,et al.Cold-acclimation-induced non-shivering thermogenesis in birds is associated with upregulation of avian UCP but not with innate uncoupling or altered ATP efficiency[J].The Journal of Experimental Biology,2010,213(14):2476-2482.  

[18] DUCHAMP C,BARR H.Skeletal muscle as the major site of nonshivering thermogenesis in cold-acclimated ducklings[J].American Journal of Physiology:Regulatory,Integrative and Comparative Physiology,1993,265(5):R1076-R1083.

[19] ROUSSEL D,ROUANET J L,DUCHAMP C,et al.Effects of cold acclimation and palmitate on energy coupling in duckling skeletal muscle mitochondria[J].FEBS Letters,1998,439(3):258-262.  

[20] MUJAHID A,SATO K,AKIBA Y,et al.Acute heat stress stimulates mitochondrial superoxide production in broiler skeletal muscle,possibly via downregulation of uncoupling protein content[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(7):1259-1265.  

[21] TAOUIS M,DE BASILIO V,MIGNON-GRASTEAU S,et al.Early-age thermal conditioning reduces uncoupling protein messenger RNA expression in pectoral muscle of broiler chicks at seven days of age[J].Poultry Science,2002,81(11):1640-1643.  

[22] TOYOMIZU M,UEDA M,SATO S,et al.Cold-induced mitochondrial uncoupling and expression of chicken UCP and ANT mRNA in chicken skeletal muscle[J].FEBS Letters,2002,529(2/3):313-318.

[23] COLLIN A,BUYSE J,VAN AS P,et al.Cold-induced enhancement of avian uncoupling protein expression,heat production,and triiodothyronine concentrations in broiler chicks[J].Gen Comp Endocrinol,2003,130(1):70-77.  

[24] GASPARINO E,DEL VESCO A P,GUIMARÃES S E,et al.Age-related changes in mitochondrial UCP,ANT and COX Ⅲ gene expression in the breast muscle of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)[J].Genetics Molecular Research,2012,11(3):1981-1989.  
Outlines

/