HUANG Xinbei , XU Qingbiao , LIU Jianxin . Gene Expression, Influence Factors and Molecular Regulation of Amino Acid and Peptide Transporters in Intestine[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015 , 27(1) : 21 -27 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.01.004

[1] ADIBI S A,MERCER D W.Protein digestion in human intestine as reflected in luminal,mucosal,and plasma amino acid concentrations after meals[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,1973,52(7):1586-1594.  

[2] CHEN H,PAN Y,WONG E A,et al.Molecular cloning and functional expression of a chicken intestinal peptide transporter (cPepT1) in Xenopus oocytes and Chinese hamster ovary cells[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2002,132(3):387-393.

[3] XU Q B,WU Y M,LIU H Y,et al.Establishment and characterization of an omasal epithelial cell model derived from dairy calves for the study of small peptide absorption[J].PLoS One,2014,9(3):e88993.

[4] KAVANAUGH M P,WANG H,ZHANG Z,et al.Control of cationic amino acid transport and retroviral receptor functions in a membrane protein family[J].The Journal of Biological Chemistry,1994,269(22):15445-15450.

[5] FEI Y J,SUGAWARA M,LIU J C,et al.cDNA structure,genomic organization,and promoter analysis of the mouse intestinal peptide transporter PEPT₁[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA):Gene Structure and Expression,2000,1492(1):145-154.  

[6] SHIMAKURA J,TERADA T,KATSURA T,et al.Characterization of the human peptide transporter PepT₁ promoter:sp₁ functions as a basal transcriptional regulator of human PepT₁[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2005,289(3):G471-G477.

[7] DALMASSO G,NGUYEN H T T,YAN Y T,et al.Butyrate transcriptionally enhances peptide transporter PepT₁ expression and activity[J].PLoS One,2008,3(6):e2476.

[8] SAITO H,TERADA T,SHIMAKURA J,et al.Regulatory mechanism governing the diurnal rhythm of intestinal H⁺/peptide cotransporter₁ (PepT₁)[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2008,295(2):G395-G402.

[9] YAMAN I,FERNANDEZ J,LIU H Y,et al.The zipper model of translational control:a small upstream ORF is the switch that controls structural remodeling of an mRNA leader[J].Cell,2003,113(4):519-531.  

[10] OKADA T,YOSHIDA H,AKAZAWA R,et al.Distinct roles of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) in transcription during the mammalian unfolded protein response[J].Biochemical Journal,2002,366:585-594.

[11] GUANDALINI S,RUBINO A.Development of dipeptide transport in the intestinal mucosa of rabbits[J].Pediatric Research,1982,16(2):99-103.  

[12] MIYAMOTO,SHIRAGA T,MORITA K,et al.Sequence,tissue distribution and developmental changes in rat intestinal oligopeptide transporter[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA):Gene Structure and Expression,1996,1305(1/2):34-38.

[13] ROME S,BARBOT L,WINDSOR E,et al.The regionalization of PepT₁,NBAT and EAAC1 transporters in the small intestine of rats are unchanged from birth to adulthood[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2002,132(5):1009-1011.

[14] BUDDINGTON R K,ELNIF J A,PUCHAL-GARDINER A A,et al.Intestinal apical amino acid absorption during development of the pig[J].American Journal of Physiology:Regulatory,Integrative and Comparative Physiology,2001,49(1):R241-R247.

[15] LIAO S F,VANZANT E S,BOLING J A,et al.Identification and expression pattern of cationic amino acid transporter-1 mRNA in small intestinal epithelia of Angus steers at four production stages[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(3):620-631.

[16] CHEN M M,SINGH A,XIAO F,et al.Gene ablation for PepT₁ in mice abolishes the effects of dipeptides on small intestinal fluid absorption,short-circuit current,and intracellular pH[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2010,299(1):G265-G274.

[17] BROOKS K K,LIANG B,WATTS J L.The influence of bacterial diet on fat storage in C.elegans[J].PLoS One,2009,4(10):e7545.

[18] KOLODZIEJCZAK D,SPANIER B,PAIS R,et al.Mice lacking the intestinal peptide transporter display reduced energy intake and a subtle maldigestion/malabsorption that protects them from diet-induced obesity[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2013,304(10):G897-G907.

[19] OPPEDISANO F,POCHINI L,GALLUCCIO M,et al.Reconstitution into liposomes of the glutamine/amino acid transporter from renal cell plasma membrane:functional characterization,kinetics and activation by nucleotides[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA):Biomembranes,2004,1667(2):122-131.  

[20] FENG D Y,ZHOU X Y,ZUO J J,et al.Segmental distribution and expression of two heterodimeric amino acid transporter mRNAs in the intestine of pigs during different ages[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2008,88(6):1012-1018.  

[21] BUYSE M,BERLIOZ F,GUILMEAU S,et al.PepT₁-mediated epithelial transport of dipeptides and cephalexin is enhanced by luminal leptin in the small intestine[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,2001,108(10):1483-1494.  

[22] AVISSAR N E,ZIEGLER T R,WANG H T,et al.Growth factors regulation of rabbit sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter ATB0 and oligopeptide transporter 1 mRNAs expression after enterectomy[J].Journal of Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition,2001,25(2):65-72.  

[23] ASHIDA K,KATSURA T,MOTOHASHI H,et al.Thyroid hormone regulates the activity and expression of the peptide transporter PepT1 in Caco-2 cells[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2002,282(4):G617-G623.

[24] UCHIYAMA T,MATSUDA Y,WADA M,et al.Functional regulation of Na⁺-dependent neutral amino acid transporter ASCT2 by S-nitrosothiols and nitric oxide in Caco-2 cells[J].FEBS Letters,2005,579(11):2499-2506.  

[25] FANJUL C,BARRENETXE J,IÑIGO C,et al.Leptin regulates sugar and amino acids transport in the human intestinal cell line Caco-2[J].Acta Physiologica,2012,205(1):82-91.  

[26] IKEMURA K,YAMAMOTO M,MIYAZAKI S,et al.MicroRNA-145 post-transcriptionally regulates the expression and function of P-glycoprotein in intestinal epithelial cells[J].Molecular Pharmacology,2013,83(2):399-405.  

[27] DALMASSO,NGUYEN H T T,YAN Y T,et al.MicroRNA-92b regulates expression of the oligopeptide transporter PepT₁ in intestinal epithelial cells[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2011,300(1):G52-G59.

[28] AYYADURAI S,CHARANIA M A,XIAO B,et al.Colonic miRNA expression/secretion,regulated by intestinal epithelial PepT1,plays an important role in cell-to-cell communication during colitis[J].PLoS One,2014,9(2):e87614.

[29] CHANG S,JOHNSTON R J,FRØKJAER-JENSEN C,et al.MicroRNAs act sequentially and asymmetrically to control chemosensory laterality in the nematode[J].Nature,2004,430(7001):785-789.  

[30] OGIHARA H,SUZUKI T,NAGAMACHI Y,et al.Peptide transporter in the rat small intestine:ultrastructural localization and the effect of starvation and administration of amino acids[J].The Journal Histochemical,1999,31(3):169-174.  

[31] SHIMAKURA J,TERADA T,SAITO H,et al.Induction of intestinal peptide transporter 1 expression during fasting is mediated via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2006,291(5):G851-G856.

[32] GILBERT R E,LI H F,EMMERSON D A,et al.Dietary protein quality and feed restriction influence abundance of nutrient transporter mRNA in the small intestine of broiler chicks[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2008,138(2):262-271.

[33] HATZOGLOU M,FERNANDEZ J,YAMAN I.Regulation of cationic amino acid transport:the story of the CAT-1 transporter[J].Annual Review of Nutrition,2004,24:377-399.

[34] WALKER D,THWAITES D T,SIMMONS N L,et al.Substrate upregulation of the human small intestinal peptide transporter,hPepT1[J].The Journal of Physiology,1998,507(3):697-706.  

[35] FERRARIS R P,DIAMOND J,KWAN W W.Dietary regulation of intestinal transport of the dipeptide carnosine[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,1988,255(2):G143-G150.

[36] GARCÍA-VILLALOBOS H A,MORALES-TREJO B A,ARAIZA-PIÑA J K,et al.Effects of dietary protein and amino acid levels on the expression of selected cationic amino acid transporters and serum amino acid concentrition in growing pigs[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2012,66:257-270.

[37] MORALES A,BARRERA M A,ARAIZA A B,et al.Effect of excess levels of lysine and leucine in wheat-based,amino acid-fortified diets on the mRNA expression of two selected cationic amino acid transporters in pigs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2013,97(2):263-270.  

[38] HE L Q,YANG H S,HOU Y Q,et al.Effects of dietary L-lysine intake on the intestinal mucosa and expression of CAT genes in weaned piglets[J].Amino Acids,2013,45(2):383-391.  

[39] LIAO S F,VANZANT E S,HARMON D L,et al.Ruminal and abomasal starch hydrolysate infusions selectively decrease the expression of cationic amino acid transporter mRNA by small intestinal epithelia of forage-fed beef steers[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(3):1124-1135.  

[40] WENZEL U,MEISSNER B,DÖRING F,et al.PepT1-mediated uptake of dipeptides enhances the intestinal absorption of amino acids via transport system b_0,+[J].Journal of Cellular Physiology,2001,186(2):251-259.