Dietary Lipid Requirements of Orange-Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in Juvenile and Grow Out Stages

DONG Xiaohui; YANG Junjiang; TAN Beiping; YANG Qihui; CHI Shuyan; LIU Hongyu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.01.017

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 1: 133 - 146

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.01.017

Aquaculture Nutrition

Dietary Lipid Requirements of Orange-Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in Juvenile and Grow Out Stages

DONG Xiaohui ,
YANG Junjiang ,
TAN Beiping ,
YANG Qihui ,
CHI Shuyan ,
LIU Hongyu

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Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China

Received date: 2014-07-21

Online published: 2015-01-10

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Abstract

The present study was performed to investigate the dietary lipid requirements of grouper in two growth stages (juvenile and grow out stages). Five isonitrogenous diets were formulated with five lipid levels (7.07%, 9.92%, 12.92%, 15.95% and 19.04%), which were regulated by fish oil. Fish with the body weight of 9.1 g (juvenile stage) were fed the 5 diets for 8 weeks, and fish with the body weight of 102.6 g (grow out stage) were fed the 5 diets for 10 weeks. In the same growth stage, each diet had 3 replicates, and each replicate in juvenile and grow out stages had 25 and 20 fish, respectively. The results showed as follows: 1) with the dietary lipid level increasing, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency rate (PER), condition factor (CF) and viscerasomatic index (VSI) of fish in juvenile and grow out stages were firstly increased and then decreased, while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed an opposite trend, and all of them obtained the extreme when dietary lipid level was 12.92%. 2) With the dietary lipid level increasing, the content of crude protein in whole body of fish in juvenile and grow out stages was gradually decreased, the content of crude lipid in whole body and muscle was gradually increased, and the content of moisture in whole body and muscle had no significant difference (P>0.05), while the other indices in whole body and muscle had no regular changes. 3) With the dietary lipid level increasing, the contents of plasma total protein (TP) and low density lipoprotein (LDLC) of fish in juvenile and grow out stages were gradually decreased, while the content of plasma high density lipoprotein (HDLC) was gradually increased. The contents of plasma triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (CHOL) of fish in juvenile and grow out stages had linear or curvilinear relationships with dietary lipid level, repectively. 4) With the dietary lipid level increasing, the activities of liver hepaticlipase (HL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and malic dehydrogenase (MDH) of fish in juvenile and grow out stages were gradually decreased, while the content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was gradually increased. 5) With the dietary lipid level increasing, the activity of liver acid phosphatase (ACP) of fish in juvenile stage had no significant change (P>0.05), while the activity of liver ACP of fish in grow out stage was gradually decreased, and the activity of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) of fish in juvenile and grow out stages was firstly increased and then decreased. The activities of liver alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and lysozyme (LZM) of fish in juvenile and grow out stages exhibited positive correlations with dietary lipid level, respectively. 6) With the dietary lipid level increasing, the activities of gastrointestinal pepsin and amylase of fish in juvenile and grow out stages were gradually decreased, while the activity of gastrointestinal lipase was gradually increased. In conclusion, suitable dietary lipid level can improve the growth performance and affect the body composition, biochemical indices and digestive and metabolism enzyme activities of orange-spotted grouper in juvenile and grow out stages. Using SGR, FCR and PER as evaluation indices, the dietary lipid requirements of orange-spotted grouper in juvenile and grow out stages are all in the range of 11% to 13%.

Key words： orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides); lipid; growth performance; biochemical indices; digestive enzyme

Cite this article

DONG Xiaohui , YANG Junjiang , TAN Beiping , YANG Qihui , CHI Shuyan , LIU Hongyu . Dietary Lipid Requirements of Orange-Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in Juvenile and Grow Out Stages[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015 , 27(1) : 133 -146 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.01.017

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