Dietary Vitamin E Level Affects the Response of Juvenile Epinehelus moara to Ammonia Nitrogen Stress

SHI Zhaohong, ZHANG Yanliang, GAO Quanxin, PENG Shiming, ZHANG Chenjie

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.05.032

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 5: 1596 - 1604

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.05.032

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Dietary Vitamin E Level Affects the Response of Juvenile Epinehelus moara to Ammonia Nitrogen Stress

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1. Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;
2. College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received date: 2014-12-23

Online published: 2015-05-13

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin E level on juvenile Epinephelus moara under ammonia nitrogen stress. Five diets were formulated to contain 11.09, 47.52, 91.38, 134.57 and 178.92 mg/kg of vitamin E, respectively. Juvenile Epinephelus moara with the initial body weight of (15.6±0.2) g were selected as the experimental animals. After 56 days of feeding, all fish were exposed to ammonia nitrogen for 6 h, and then the responses of serum glucose (GLU), lactate (LD), cortisol (COR) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and liver SOD activity and MDA content to ammonia nitrogen stress were measured. Each vitamin E level had 3 net cages (replicates) and each net cage cultured 20 fish. The results showed as follows: after feeding, the serum GLU content of all groups showed no significantly difference compared with before feeding (P>0.05) and the serum GLU content was decreased with the dietary vitamin E level increasing after ammonia nitrogen stress. There was an inverse relationship between the serum LD content and dietary vitamin E level after ammonia nitrogen stress, and the serum LD content showed stable when dietary vitamin E level arrived at 47.52 mg/kg. After ammonia nitrogen stress, serum COR content of all groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). When the vitamin E level was equal or higher than 47.52 mg/kg, the serum and liver SOD activity was not significantly affected by the ammonia nitrogen stress after 56 days of feeding (P>0.05). The serum CAT activity was decreased after feeding and ammonia nitrogen stress, while this difference was not significant when the dietary vitamin E level was equal or higher than 91.38 mg/kg neither after feeding or ammonia nitrogen stress (P>0.05). The serum and liver MDA content showed a significant rising trend when fish fed diets containing low levels (11.09 and 47.52 mg/kg) of vitamin E after ammonia nitrogen stress (P<0.05), and no significant difference was observed when fish fed high levels (91.38, 134.57 and 178.92 mg/kg) of vitamin E (P>0.05). When the dietary vitamin E level was equal or higher than 91.38 mg/kg, the serum GSH-Px activity decreased significantly after feeding (P<0.05), but no significant change was found after ammonia nitrogen stress (P>0.05). When the dietary vitamin E level was equal or higher than 47.52 mg/kg, the serum T-AOC increased significantly after feeding (P<0.05), and then decreased after ammonia nitrogen stress. These results indicate that there is a correlation between the dietary vitamin E levels and the anti-stress and antioxidant capacities under this experimental condition, and the anti-stress and antioxidant capacities can be enhanced when the dietary vitamin E level is equal or higher than 91.38 mg/kg.

Key words： vitamin E; Epinephelus moara; ammonia nitrogen stress; anti-stress capacity; antioxidant capacity

Cite this article

SHI Zhaohong, ZHANG Yanliang, GAO Quanxin, PENG Shiming, ZHANG Chenjie . Dietary Vitamin E Level Affects the Response of Juvenile Epinehelus moara to Ammonia Nitrogen Stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015 , 27(5) : 1596 -1604 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.05.032

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