This experiment was conducted to study the effects of hydrolyzed yeast on growth performance, lipids metabolism and intestinal structure of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and to evaluate the efficacy of hydrolyzed yeast in the largemouth bass diet. In the experiment, three isoproteic (47% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20.0 MJ/kg gross energy) diets were formulated: a high fish meal diet containing 35% low-temperature drying fish meal was designed as control diet (named FM), and 50% of the fish meal was replaced by plant protein mixture (soybean meal+wheat gluten) with 3% hydrolyzed yeast (named HY) or not (named SBM) on the basis of amino acid balance. Largemouth bass with the initial body weight of (20.80±0.04) g were as experimental animal, and those were randomly divided into 3 groups which reared in an indoor water-recirculating system lasted for 8 weeks. Each group had 4 replicates and each replicate had 25 fish. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed intake in HY group were significantly higher than those in FM and SBM groups (P<0.05), while the hepaticsomatic index in HY group was significantly lower than that in FM and SBM groups (P<0.05). The content of whole body crude lipid in FM group was significantly lower than that in HY and SBM groups (P<0.05). The content of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in HY and SBM groups was significantly higher than that in FM group (P<0.05), while the content of liver total cholesterol in HY and SBM groups was significantly lower than that in FM group (P<0.05). The contents of serum triglyceride and free fatty acids and the content of liver fat showed a similar change, that was FM group was significantly lower than SBM group (P<0.05) and no significant differences were found in FM and HY groups (P>0.05). After 50% of the fish meal was replaced by plant protein mixture, the intestinal tissue appeared muscular layer thinner and villi integrity drop, while the symptoms of intestinal injuries were released by hydrolyzed yeast. This study indicates that 3% hydrolyzed yeast supplementation can significantly improve the growth performance, improve the live healthy status, promote the liver fat and cholesterol metabolism and repair the intestinal injuries of largemouth bass when 50% fish meal substitution by plant protein mixture under this experimental conditions.