Effects of Complete Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal and Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids in Diets on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Plasma and Muscle Free Amino Acid Contents of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

LIN Jianwei, ZHANG Chunxiao, SUN Yunzhang, ZHAI Shaowei, SONG Kai, YE Jidan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.007

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 6: 1709 - 1721

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.007

Aquaculture Nutrition

Effects of Complete Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal and Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids in Diets on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Plasma and Muscle Free Amino Acid Contents of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

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1. Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Xiamen 361021, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China

Received date: 2015-01-08

Online published: 2015-06-17

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Abstract

A 56-day feeding trial was carried out to determine the relationship between amino acid balance in complete replacement of fish meal (FM) with poultry by-product meal (PBM) in diets and growth performance, body composition, plasma and muscle free amino acid contents of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was carried out in this experiment. Two dietary protein levels (31% and 40%, respectively) were designed, and four groups were arranged for each dietary protein level, which were FM group (basal diet), PBM group (complete replacement of fish meal by poultry by-product meal in the basal diet), PBM+essential amino acids (EAA) group (complete replacement of fish meal by poultry by-product meal in the basal diet supplemented with crystalline EAA) and PBM+EAA+non-essential amino acids (NEAA) group (complete replacement of fish meal by poultry by-product meal in the basal diet supplemented with crystalline EAA+NEAA), respectively. Pacific white shrimp with the average body weight of (0.37±0.01) g were randomly divided into 32 barrels (150 L) with each barrel with 30 shrimp, and 4 barrels as a group were one of eight diets. Shrimp were fed three times a day and fed to apparent satiation. The results showed as follows: for each dietary protein level, the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific gain rate (SGR) in PBM+EAA and PBM+EAA+NEAA groups were significantly higher than those in PBM group (P<0.05), but significantly lower than those in FM group (P<0.05); the feed conversion ratio (FCR) had the opposite result compared with WGR and SGR. No differences in WGR, SGR and FCR between PBM+EAA and PBM+EAA+NEAA groups were observed (P<0.05). The shrimp fed the diets containing 40% protein level had higher WGR (P<0.05), body crude protein content (P<0.05), but lower body crude lipid content (P<0.05) compared with those shrimp fed diets containing 31% protein level. Free plasma EAA/NEAA was positively linearly correlated with the dietary EAA/NEAA, and the SGR of shrimp was positively correlated with the contents of plasma free methionine or phenylalanine. Plasma free methionine, phenylalanine and lysine contents in PBM group were significantly lower than those in FM group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in muscle free amino acid contents among all groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, feeding a diet with FM complete replacement by PBM and supplementing crystalline EAA can promote the growth of Pacific white shrimp, but does not lead to a growth comparable to feeding the whole FM diet. The diets to further supplementing crystalline NEAA do not help in improving the growth of shrimp.

Key words： Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei); poultry by-product meal; amino acid balance; growth performance; free amino acids

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LIN Jianwei, ZHANG Chunxiao, SUN Yunzhang, ZHAI Shaowei, SONG Kai, YE Jidan . Effects of Complete Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal and Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids in Diets on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Plasma and Muscle Free Amino Acid Contents of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015 , 27(6) : 1709 -1721 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.007

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