Water/Feed: a Thermal Comfort Evaluation Index for Broilers at Moderate Temperatures

ZHEN Long, ZHANG Shaoshuai, SHI Yuxiang, FENG Jinghai, ZHANG Minhong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.011

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 6: 1750 - 1758

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.011

Experimental Methods

Water/Feed: a Thermal Comfort Evaluation Index for Broilers at Moderate Temperatures

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1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Agriculture HeBei University of Engineering, Handan 056021, China

Received date: 2015-01-29

Online published: 2015-06-17

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of three different constant temperatures (21, 26 and 31 ℃) on the growth performance, physiological reactions, feed intake, water consumption and serum hormonal indices of broilers, in order to investigate the water/food (W/F) as a new thermal comfort evaluation index for broilers. One hundred and forty four 22-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were assigned to environment chambers, the broilers were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 broilers per replicate (with four males and four females). The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and broilers were kept at 21 ℃ and 60% relative humidity. When broilers were 29-day-old, the temperatures of each environmental chamber were gradually regulated to 21, 26 and 31 ℃, respectively, while maintaining the relative humidity at 60% and both kept constant until the end of the experiment. The trial period lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows: 1) with temperature increasing, the three groups showed significant depression in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and significant increase in feed/gain (F/G) (P<0.01), but no significant difference in F/G was found between 21 and 26 ℃ groups (P>0.05). The average daily water consumption (ADWC) was not significantly affected by different constant ambient temperatures (P>0.05), but with significant difference in total W/F and water/gain (W/G) with temperature increasing (P<0.01). 2) With temperature increasing, the three groups showed significant increase in rectal temperatures and respiratory frequency (P<0.01); serum leptin (LEP) content in 31 ℃ group was significantly higher and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) content was significantly lower than that in 21 ℃ group (P<0.05), and no significant difference of serum LEP and ADH contents in 26 ℃ group than that in 21 and 31 ℃ groups (P>0.05); with no significant difference in serum cholecystokinin (CCK) and aidosterone (ALD) contents in all groups (P>0.05). 3) The W/F of the first day, the first three days, the first week and the total period had significant negative correlations with the ADG and ADFI of broilers through 14 days (P<0.01); the W/F of the first day and the first three days had significant positive correlations with the F/G of broilers (P<0.01), with the W/F of the first week and the total period had significant positive correlation with the F/G of broilers (P<0.05). 4) The W/F of average day had significant correlations with the ambient temperatures, rectal temperatures and respiratory frequency at the same days (P<0.01). In conclusion, under the feeding conditions of this study, the results indicate that the W/F can accurately reflect the thermal comfort station of broiler at different temperatures, and it is a new thermal comfort evaluation index for broilers.

Key words： water/feed; moderate temperature; broiler; thermal comfort evaluation

Cite this article

ZHEN Long, ZHANG Shaoshuai, SHI Yuxiang, FENG Jinghai, ZHANG Minhong . Water/Feed: a Thermal Comfort Evaluation Index for Broilers at Moderate Temperatures[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015 , 27(6) : 1750 -1758 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.011

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