Teichoic acid is one of the major components of cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, and plays important roles in pathogenic bacteria-induced inflammation and immune regulation of probiotics and has a variety of physiological functions of bacteria, which has become the hotspot of the research today. The roles of teichoic acid of pathogenic and probiotic bacteria in immune stimulation and regulation, the effects of knockout of teichoic acid gene on bacteria, structure of teichoic acid and its relationship to function were reviewed and summarized. This review will supply new clues for further study and application of teichoic acid.
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