In the present study, copper (as the form of CuSO4·5H2O) with the levels of 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 or 20 mg/kg were supplemented in a practical diet which contained 11.1 mg/kg copper to formulate five experimental diets to evaluate the effects of practical diet with copper on growth and body color of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). The five experimental diets were fed to channel catfish with the average body weight of (98.1±0.5) g for 42 d. Each diet had 3 replicates, and each replicate had 20 fish. The results showed that weight gain rate was significantly increased and feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased by the supplementation of 10 mg/kg copper when compared with control group (P<0.05), but with the copper supplemental level increased to 40 mg/kg, the weight gain rate was significantly decreased and the feed conversion ratio was significantly increased compared with 10 mg/kg group (P<0.05). The copper content in liver and bone was increased with the increase of dietary copper supplemental level, the liver copper content in 20 and 40 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that in control group and 5 mg/kg group (P<0.05), and the bone copper content in 40 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), while the muscle copper content showed no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). The chroma values and total xanthophylls content of dorsal skin, muscle and tyrosinase activity of dorsal skin of channel catfish were not significantly affected by 0 to 40 mg/kg copper supplementation (P>0.05). Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alannine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and total bilirubin (T-Bil) content, and muscle moisture, crude protein, ether extract and ash contents were not significantly different among all groups (P>0.05). The activity of serum copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase in 10 mg/kg group was the highest, and significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found among other groups (P>0.05). Base on results above, the optimal copper supplementation in the practical diet is suggested to be 10 mg/kg for channel catfish under this experimental condition, and the measured value of dietary copper content is 20.2 mg/kg.
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