Heat-Stress Decreases Milk Protein through Induction of Mammary Cells Apoptosis of Cows

GAO Shengtao; GUO Jiang; QUAN Suyu; NAN Xuemei; BU Dengpan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.05.040

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 5: 1615 - 1625

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.05.040

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Heat-Stress Decreases Milk Protein through Induction of Mammary Cells Apoptosis of Cows

GAO Shengtao ,
GUO Jiang ,
QUAN Suyu ,
NAN Xuemei ,
BU Dengpan

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1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. CAAS-ICRAF Joint Laboratory on Agroforestry and Sustainable Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100081, China;
3. Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Harbin 150030, China

Received date: 2015-12-15

Online published: 2016-05-24

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the relationship among the decrease of milk protein content and yield under heat stress, hormones related to lactation, pathways involved in milk protein synthesis, and apoptosis of mammary cells, and to find reasons for milk protein decline caused by heat stress. Four healthy multiparous lactating Holstein cows with similar days in milk, body weight and milk yield were used as experiment animals. Crossover design was applied, there were two experimental periods, and each period lasted for 18 days (9 d of pretrial period, and 9 d of trail period) with 30 d between the two periods. Cows in pretrial period were exposed to thermal neutral conditions and allowed to eat ad libitum. Cows in trial period were randomly divided into two groups (n=2), which were heat stress group and pair-restricted feeding group. The results showed as follows:1) heat stress significantly decreased milk protein yield and content (P<0.05). 2) Heat stress had no significant influence on Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway and κ-casein (CSN3) gene expression (P>0.05). 3) In mTOR pathway, heat stress significantly increased the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) gene (P<0.05), and had the tendency to increase the expression of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K1) gene (0.05≤P<0.10). 4) Heat stress significantly increased the expressions of Caspase-3(CASP3) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX2) genes involved in apoptosis (P<0.05), and had the tendency to increase the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (BAX) (0.05≤P<0.10). It is concluded that heat stress may not be able to decline milk protein content and yield through regulating the capacity of individual mammary cells, but thorough induction of apoptosis of the mammary cells and decrease of the quantity of mammary cells used for milk protein synthesis.

Key words： heat stress; milk protein; JAK-STAT; mTOR; apoptosis

Cite this article

GAO Shengtao , GUO Jiang , QUAN Suyu , NAN Xuemei , BU Dengpan . Heat-Stress Decreases Milk Protein through Induction of Mammary Cells Apoptosis of Cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2016 , 28(5) : 1615 -1625 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.05.040

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