This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary fiber source and crude fiber (CF) level on nutrient digestibility, intestinal digestive enzyme activities and cecal microbial diversity of meat rabbits. Six diets were formulated according to a two-factor experiment design based on isonitrogenous and isocaloric, one factor was fiber source (alfalfa hay meal and rice husk meal), and another was CF level (12%, 14% and 16%). A total of 144 Hyla growing rabbits with the age of 70 to 80 days and average body weight of (2 002±77) g were selected and randomly allocated in individual cages for six groups of 4 replicates containing six rabbits per replicate. The feeding trial lasted for 4 weeks. Digestion experiment was conducted by the method of total fecal collection at the end of feeding trial. Afterwards, rabbits were slaughtered, and intestinal contents were sampled and stored for digestive enzyme activities and cecal microbial diversity determination. The results showed as follows: 1) meat rabbits fed diets with the alfalfa hay meal as fiber source had significantly higher dry matter (DM), CF, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) digestibility compared with meat rabbits fed diets with the rice husk meal as fiber source (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the crude protein (CP) digestibility in alfalfa hay meal group was significantly lower than that in rice husk meal group (P<0.01). The digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ADF of meat rabbits in 12% CF level group was significantly higher than that in 14% CF level group (P<0.05). Moreover, the apparent digestive energy (ADE) and energy digestibility in 12% CF level group were significantly higher than those in 14% and 16% CF level groups (P<0.01). 2) Meat rabbits fed diets with rice husk meal as fiber source had significantly higher duodenal trypsase activity compared with meat rabbits fed diets with alfalfa hay meal as fiber source (P<0.01). Meat rabbits fed diets with 12% CF level had the lowest jejunal amylase activity, jejunal trypsase activity and cecal cellulose activity. 3) There was no significant difference between the 2 fiber sources in cecal flora species richness and Shannon-wiener index were detected (P>0.05), but meat rabbits fed diets with alfalfa hay meal as fiber source had the significantly higher cecal flora species evenness than that of meat rabbits fed diets with rice husk meal as fiber source (P<0.01). CF level had significant effects on species richness and Shannon-wiener index of cecal flora (P<0.05), and meat rabbits fed 16% CF level diet had the highest values. In this experimental condition, the results demonstrate as follows: 1) the digestibility of DM, CF, ADF and ADL and cecal flora species evenness of meat rabbits in alfalfa hay meal group are significantly higher than those in rice husk meal group, but the duodenal trypsase activity is significantly lower than that in rice husk meal group. 2) Meat rabbits fed diets with 12% CF have the highest ADE and main nutrient digestibility, and the higher CF level the higher jejunal amylase activity, jejunal trypsase activity and cecal cellulose activity. Meat rabbits fed diets with 16% CF have the higher cecal microbial diversity.