Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Calcium Sensing Receptor Gene Expression of Gastrointestinal Tract, Gastrointestinal Hormone Secretion and the Activities of Gastric Function Enzymes of Pigs

XIAN Yihan; ZHAO Xiuying; DING Liren; MENG Xianglong; WANG Chao; ZHU Weiyun; HANG Suqin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.033

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 11: 3634 - 3641

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.033

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Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Calcium Sensing Receptor Gene Expression of Gastrointestinal Tract, Gastrointestinal Hormone Secretion and the Activities of Gastric Function Enzymes of Pigs

XIAN Yihan ,
ZHAO Xiuying ,
DING Liren ,
MENG Xianglong ,
WANG Chao ,
ZHU Weiyun ,
HANG Suqin

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Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received date: 2016-05-12

Online published: 2016-11-18

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Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary crude protein (CP) levels on calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) gene expression of gastrointestinal tract, gastrointestinal hormone secretion and the activities of gastric function enzymes (pepsin and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase) of pigs, and to explore the relationships between CaSR gene expression level of small intestine and the concentration of gastrointestinal hormone in serum, CaSR gene expression level of stomach and the activities of H⁺-K⁺-ATPase and pepsin, respectively. Eighteen 35-day-old "Duroc×Landrace×Large White" crossed weaned pigs with initial body weight of (9.57±0.64) kg were randomly assigned into 3 group with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate, including NP group (NRC standard CP level group), MP group (decreased 3% CP level compared to the standard CP level group) and LP group (decreased 6% CP level compared to the standard CP level group). According to the nutrient needs of pigs in different growth periods, pigs were fed diets contained 20% (NP group), 17% (MP group) and 14% (LP group) CP levels in weaned pigs period (35 to 80 days of age), respectively; diets contained 18% (NP group), 15% (MP group) and 12% (LP group) CP levels in growing pigs period (81 to 110 days of age), respectively; diets contained 16% (NP group), 13% (MP group) and 10% (LP group) CP levels in finishing pigs period (111 to 160 days of age), respectively. The levels of dietary lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), threonine (Thr) and tryptophan (Trp) were balanced. The experimental period lasted for 125 days. Precaval vein blood were collected by the end of the experiment, then all pigs were slaughtered, and gastric chyme, stomach, duodenum, jejunum and ileum tissues and mucosa were collected, to determination of the concentration of gastrointestinal hormones in serum, the activities of pepsin of gastric chyme and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase of gastric mucosa and CaSR gene expression level of each tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. The results showed as follows:1) CaSR gene expression level of stomach of pigs in LP group was significantly higher than that in NP and MP groups (P<0.05), and CaSR gene expression level of duodenum and jejunum in MP and LP groups was significantly lower than that in NP group (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in CaSR gene expression level of ileum among all groups (P>0.05). 2) Compared with NP group, the concentrations of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and glucose insulinotropic peptide (GIP) in serum of pigs in MP and LP groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the concentration of cholecystokinin (CCK) in serum in MP group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the activities of pepsin of gastric chyme and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase of gastric mucosa in LP group were significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) CaSR gene expression level in stomach had a significantly positive correlations with the activities of pepsin of gastric chyme and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase of gastric mucosa (P<0.05), CaSR gene expression level in duodenum had a significantly positive correlation with the concentration of GIP in serum (P<0.05), and had a positive correlation tendency with the concentration of PYY in serum (0.05≤P < 0.10), CaSR gene expression level in jejunum had a significantly positive correlations with the concentrations of GIP and PYY in serum (P<0.05), and CaSR gene expression level in ileum had a positive correlation tendency with the concentration of PYY in serum (0.05≤P < 0.10). In conclusion, reduction of dietary CP level affects CaSR gene expression of gastrointestinal tract, the activities of gastric function enzymes and gastrointestinal hormone secretion.

Key words： pigs; crude protein level; calcium sensing receptor; gastrointestinal hormone; H⁺-K⁺-ATPase; pepsin

Cite this article

XIAN Yihan , ZHAO Xiuying , DING Liren , MENG Xianglong , WANG Chao , ZHU Weiyun , HANG Suqin . Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Calcium Sensing Receptor Gene Expression of Gastrointestinal Tract, Gastrointestinal Hormone Secretion and the Activities of Gastric Function Enzymes of Pigs[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2016 , 28(11) : 3634 -3641 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.033

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