Effects of Air Velocity and Moderate Ambient Temperatures on Physiological, Endocrine and Immune Indices of Broilers

ZHANG Shaoshuai; DIAO Huajie; ZHANG Minhong; FENG Jinghai; ZHOU Ying; LI Meng; LI Xiumei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.01.009

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 1: 69 - 79

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.01.009

POULTRY NUTRITION

Effects of Air Velocity and Moderate Ambient Temperatures on Physiological, Endocrine and Immune Indices of Broilers

ZHANG Shaoshuai ,
DIAO Huajie ,
ZHANG Minhong ,
FENG Jinghai ,
ZHOU Ying ,
LI Meng ,
LI Xiumei

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1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Received date: 2016-07-15

Online published: 2017-01-16

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of air velocity and moderate ambient temperatures on physiological, endocrine and immune indices of broiler chickens. One hundred and fifty 42-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were assigned randomly to fifteen treatments, each treatment contained ten birds and each bird as a replicate. These birds were raised in environment chamber[21℃+60% relative humidity (RH)]. Before each treatment, ten selected birds were placed into another environment chamber with tunnel ventilation which made by our laboratory. Each treatment contained 6 h adaptive period (ad libitum) and 6 h test period (no feed or water). Adaptive period and reserved chamber both were 21℃+60% RH. Environment chamber set temperature and humidity (60% RH), air velocity was controlled by tunnel ventilation chamber. The 3×5 two factorial design was used, and temperature had three levels as 26, 29 and 31℃, while air velocity had five levels as 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 m/s. Each treatment was achieved within 1 h, and the data was collected from 2 to 6 h. The results showed as follows:1) interaction of air velocity and temperature significantly affected core body temperature (Tc), respiratory frequency (Fr), skin temperature (Ts), and serum contents of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T₃) and cortisol of broilers (P<0.05). Compared with 0 air velocity, under 26℃ condition, 1.0 m/s or higher air velocity significantly reduced Tc (P<0.05), 2.0 m/s air velocity significantly reduced Fr (P<0.05), 1.5 m/s or higher air velocity significantly reduced earlobe skin temperature (Tes), and 1.0 m/s or higher air velocity significantly reduced comb skin temperature (Tcs) and shank skin temperature (Tss) (P<0.05) of broilers; under 29℃ condition, 1.0 m/s or higher air velocity significantly reduced Tc, Tes, Tcs and Tss (P<0.05) of broilers; under 32℃ condition, 1.0 m/s or higher air velocity significantly reduced Tc and Fr (P<0.05), and 0.5 m/s or higher air velocity significantly reduced Tes, Tcs and Tss (P<0.05) of broilers; 32℃+0 air velocity and 32℃+0.5 m/s air velocity increased Tc, Ts, Fr and reduced T₃ deeply, which meant broilers were under stress heavily. 2) Under acute moderate temperatures, low air velocity (0.5 m/s) exacerbated heat load, air velocity had no effect on immune indices of broilers, and the best air velocity was 1.5 m/s. In conclusion, air velocity at moderate temperatures affects physiological, endocrine and immune indices of broilers in some degrees.

Key words： air velocity; acute moderate temperature; broilers; physiological; endocrine; immune

Cite this article

ZHANG Shaoshuai , DIAO Huajie , ZHANG Minhong , FENG Jinghai , ZHOU Ying , LI Meng , LI Xiumei . Effects of Air Velocity and Moderate Ambient Temperatures on Physiological, Endocrine and Immune Indices of Broilers[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017 , 29(1) : 69 -79 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.01.009

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